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https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
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243 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
243 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
<details> <summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary> Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)! Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.** **Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.** </details>
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# AVD - Android Virtual Device
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Thank you very much to [**@offsecjay**](https://twitter.com/offsecjay) for his help while creating this content.
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## What is
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Android Studio allows to **run virtual machines of Android that you can use to test APKs**. In order to use them you will need:
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* The **Android SDK tools** - [Download here](https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/sdk-tools).
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* Or **Android Studio** (with Android SDK tools) - [Download here](https://developer.android.com/studio).
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In Windows (in my case) **after installing Android Studio** I had the **SDK Tools installed in**: `C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools`
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## JDK
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For MacOS machines I recommend you to install the following version to be able to use the CLI commands mentioned in the following sections:
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```bash
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brew install openjdk@8
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```
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## GUI
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### Prepare Virtual Machine
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If you installed Android Studio, you can just open the main project view and access: _**Tools**_ --> _**AVD Manager.**_
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.png>)
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Then, click on _**Create Virtual Device**_, _**select** the phone you want to use_ and click on _**Next.**_\
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\_\_In the current view you are going to be able to **select and download the Android image** that the phone is going to run:
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.png>)
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So, select it and click on _**Download**_\*\* (**now wait until the image is downloaded).**\
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**Once the image is downloaded, just select \_**Next\*\*\_ and \_**Finish**\_.
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.png>)
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The virtual machine will be created. Now **every time that you access AVD manager it will be present**.
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### Run Virtual Machine
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In order to **run** it just press the _**Start button**_.
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.png>)
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## Command Line tool
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### Prepare Virtual Machine
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{% hint style="info" %}
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In **MacOS** systems the executable is located in `/Users/<username>/Library/Android/sdk/tools/bin`
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{% endhint %}
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First of all you need to **decide which phone you want to use**, in order to see the list of possible phones execute:
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```
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat list device
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id: 0 or "tv_1080p"
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Name: Android TV (1080p)
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OEM : Google
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Tag : android-tv
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---------
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id: 1 or "tv_720p"
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Name: Android TV (720p)
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OEM : Google
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Tag : android-tv
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---------
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id: 2 or "wear_round"
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Name: Android Wear Round
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OEM : Google
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Tag : android-wear
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---------
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id: 3 or "wear_round_chin_320_290"
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Name: Android Wear Round Chin
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OEM : Google
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Tag : android-wear
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---------
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id: 4 or "wear_square"
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Name: Android Wear Square
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OEM : Google
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Tag : android-wear
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---------
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id: 5 or "Galaxy Nexus"
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Name: Galaxy Nexus
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OEM : Google
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---------
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id: 6 or "Nexus 10"
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Name: Nexus 10
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OEM : Google
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---------
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id: 7 or "Nexus 4"
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Name: Nexus 4
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OEM : Google
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---------
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id: 8 or "Nexus 5"
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Name: Nexus 5
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OEM : Google
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---------
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id: 9 or "Nexus 5X"
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Name: Nexus 5X
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OEM : Google
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```
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Once you have decide the name of the device you want to use, you need to **decide which Android image you want to run in this device.**\
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You can list all the options using `sdkmanager`:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat --list
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```
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And **download** the one (or all) you want to use with:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat "platforms;android-28" "system-images;android-28;google_apis;x86_64"
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```
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Once you have downloaded the Android image you want to use you can **list all the downloaded Android images** with:
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```
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat list target
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----------
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id: 1 or "android-28"
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Name: Android API 28
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Type: Platform
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API level: 28
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Revision: 6
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----------
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id: 2 or "android-29"
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Name: Android API 29
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Type: Platform
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API level: 29
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Revision: 4
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```
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At this moment you have decided the device you want to use and you have downloaded the Android image, so **you can create the virtual machine using**:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat -v create avd -k "system-images;android-28;google_apis;x86_64" -n "AVD9" -d "Nexus 5X"
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```
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In the last command **I created a VM named** "_AVD9_" using the **device** "_Nexus 5X_" and the **Android image** "_system-images;android-28;google\_apis;x86\_64_".\
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Now you can **list the virtual machines** you have created with:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat list avd
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Name: AVD9
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Device: Nexus 5X (Google)
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Path: C:\Users\cpolo\.android\avd\AVD9.avd
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Target: Google APIs (Google Inc.)
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Based on: Android API 28 Tag/ABI: google_apis/x86_64
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The following Android Virtual Devices could not be loaded:
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Name: Pixel_2_API_27
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Path: C:\Users\cpolo\.android\avd\Pixel_2_API_27_1.avd
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Error: Google pixel_2 no longer exists as a device
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```
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### Run Virtual Machine
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We have already seen how you can list the created virtual machines, but **you can also list them using**:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -list-avds
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AVD9
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Pixel_2_API_27
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```
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You can simply **run any virtual machine created** using:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "VirtualMachineName"
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "AVD9"
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```
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Or using more advance options you can run a virtual machine like:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "AVD9" -http-proxy 192.168.1.12:8080 -writable-system
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```
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### Command line options
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However there are **a lot of different command line useful options** that you can use to initiate a virtual machine. Below you can find some interesting options but can [**find a complete list here**](https://developer.android.com/studio/run/emulator-commandline)
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#### Boot
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* `-snapshot name` : Start VM snapshot
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* `-snapshot-list -snapstorage ~/.android/avd/Nexus_5X_API_23.avd/snapshots-test.img` : List all the snapshots recorded
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#### Network
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* `-dns-server 192.0.2.0, 192.0.2.255` : Allow to indicate comma separated the DNS servers to the VM.
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* **`-http-proxy 192.168.1.12:8080`** : Allow to indicate an HTTP proxy to use (very useful to capture the traffic using Burp)
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* `-port 5556` : Set the TCP port number that's used for the console and adb.
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* `-ports 5556,5559` : Set the TCP ports used for the console and adb.
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* **`-tcpdump /path/dumpfile.cap`** : Capture all the traffic in a file
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#### System
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* `-selinux {disabled|permissive}` : Set the Security-Enhanced Linux security module to either disabled or permissive mode on a Linux operating system.
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* `-timezone Europe/Paris` : Set the timezone for the virtual device
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* `-screen {touch(default)|multi-touch|o-touch}` : Set emulated touch screen mode.
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* **`-writable-system`** : Use this option to have a writable system image during your emulation session. You will need also to run `adb root; adb remount`. This is very useful to install a new certificate in the system.
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## Install Burp certificate on a Virtual Machine
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First of all you need to download the Der certificate from Burp. You can do this in _**Proxy**_ --> _**Options**_ --> _**Import / Export CA certificate**_
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.png>)
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**Export the certificate in Der format** and lets **transform** it to a form that **Android** is going to be able to **understand.** Note that **in order to configure the burp certificate on the Android machine in AVD** you need to **run** this machine **with** the **`-writable-system`** option.\
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For example you can run it like:
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```bash
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C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "AVD9" -http-proxy 192.168.1.12:8080 -writable-system
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```
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Then, to **configure burps certificate do**:
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```bash
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openssl x509 -inform DER -in burp_cacert.der -out burp_cacert.pem
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CERTHASHNAME="`openssl x509 -inform PEM -subject_hash_old -in burp_cacert.pem | head -1`.0"
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mv burp_cacert.pem $CERTHASHNAME #Correct name
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adb root && adb remount #Allow to write on /syste
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adb push $CERTHASHNAME /sdcard/ #Upload certificate
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adb shell mv /sdcard/$CERTHASHNAME /system/etc/security/cacerts/ #Move to correct location
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adb shell chmod 644 /system/etc/security/cacerts/$CERTHASHNAME #Assign privileges
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adb reboot #Now, reboot the machine
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```
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Once the **machine finish rebooting** the burp certificate will be in use by it!
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## Take a Snapshot
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You can **use the GUI** to take a snapshot of the VM at any time:
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.png>)
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<details> <summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary> Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)! Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.** **Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.** </details>
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