GITBOOK-4288: change request with no subject merged in GitBook

README.md

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ You can check their **blog** in [**https://blog.stmcyber.com**](https://blog.stm
 
 ### [Intigriti](https://www.intigriti.com)
 
-<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Intigriti** is the **Europe's #1** ethical hacking and **bug bounty platform.**
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ You can check their **blog** in [**https://blog.stmcyber.com**](https://blog.stm
 
 ### [Trickest](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks)
 
-<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Stay informed with the newest bug bounties launching and crucial platform update
 
 ### [Pentest-Tools.com](https://pentest-tools.com/) - The essential penetration testing toolkit
 
-<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (3) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 
@@ -92,6 +92,24 @@ Stay informed with the newest bug bounties launching and crucial platform update
 
 ***
 
+### [SerpApi](https://serpapi.com/)
+
+<figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/image (2).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+
+SerpApi offers fast and easy real-time APIs to **access search engine results**. They scrape search engines, handle proxies, solve captchas, and parse all rich structured data for you.
+
+A subscription to one of SerpApi’s plans includes access to over 50 different APIs for scraping different search engines, including Google, Bing, Baidu, Yahoo, Yandex, and more.
+
+Unlike other providers, SerpApi doesn’t just scrape organic results. SerpApi responses consistently include all ads, inline images and videos, knowledge graphs, and other elements and features present in the search results.
+
+Current SerpApi customers include Apple, Shopify, and GrubHub.
+
+For more information check out their [blog](https://serpapi.com/blog/)**,** or try an example in their [**playground**](https://serpapi.com/playground)**.**
+
+You can **create a free account** [**here**](https://serpapi.com/users/sign\_up)**.**
+
+***
+
 ### [Try Hard Security Group](https://discord.gg/tryhardsecurity)
 
 <figure><img src=".gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

SUMMARY.md

@@ -695,20 +695,26 @@
 * [Linux Exploiting (Basic) (SPA)](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/README.md)
   * [Stack Overflow](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/README.md)
     * [ROP - Return Oriented Programing](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/rop-return-oriented-programing.md)
-    * [Ret2Shellcode](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ret2shellcode.md)
+    * [Ret2lib](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ret2lib/README.md)
+      * [Leaking libc address with ROP](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ret2lib/rop-leaking-libc-address/README.md)
+        * [Leaking libc - template](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ret2lib/rop-leaking-libc-address/rop-leaking-libc-template.md)
+    * [Stack Shellcode](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/stack-shellcode.md)
+    * [EBP2Ret - EBP chaining](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ebp2ret-ebp-chaining.md)
     * [Ret2win](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ret2win.md)
+    * [Ret2ret](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/ret2ret.md)
+    * [Ret2syscall](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/stack-overflow/rop-syscall-execv.md)
+  * [Format Strings](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/format-strings/README.md)
+    * [Format Strings Template](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/format-strings/format-strings-template.md)
   * [Common Binary Protections](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/common-binary-protections/README.md)
+    * [Relro](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/common-binary-protections/relro.md)
     * [No-exec / NX](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/common-binary-protections/no-exec-nx.md)
     * [Stack Canaries](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/common-binary-protections/stack-canaries.md)
     * [ASLR](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/common-binary-protections/aslr.md)
-  * [ELF Tricks](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/elf-tricks.md)
-  * [Format Strings Template](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/format-strings-template.md)
-  * [ROP - Leaking LIBC address](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/rop-leaking-libc-address/README.md)
-    * [ROP - Leaking LIBC template](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/rop-leaking-libc-address/rop-leaking-libc-template.md)
+  * [Arbitrary Write 2 Exec](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/arbitrary-write-2-exec/README.md)
+    * [AW2Exec - GOT/PLT](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/arbitrary-write-2-exec/aw2exec-got-plt.md)
+  * [ELF Basic Information](reversing-and-exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/elf-tricks.md)
   * [Bypassing Canary & PIE](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/bypassing-canary-and-pie.md)
-  * [Ret2Lib](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/ret2lib.md)
   * [Fusion](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/fusion.md)
-  * [ROP - call sys\_execve](exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/rop-syscall-execv.md)
 * [Exploiting Tools](exploiting/tools/README.md)
   * [PwnTools](exploiting/tools/pwntools.md)
 * [Windows Exploiting (Basic Guide - OSCP lvl)](exploiting/windows-exploiting-basic-guide-oscp-lvl.md)

backdoors/salseo.md

@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ Open the SalseoLoader project using Visual Studio.
 
 ### Add before the main function: \[DllExport]
 
-![](<../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png>)
+![](<../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png>)
 
 ### Install DllExport for this project
 
 #### **Tools** --> **NuGet Package Manager** --> **Manage NuGet Packages for Solution...**
 
-![](<../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png>)
+![](<../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png>)
 
 #### **Search for DllExport package (using Browse tab), and press Install (and accept the popup)**
 

cryptography/certificates.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificatename.cer -inkey privateKey.key -out certif
 
 ***
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

exploiting/linux-exploiting-basic-esp/README.md

@@ -14,26 +14,6 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-## **1.STACK OVERFLOWS**
-
-> buffer overflow, buffer overrun, stack overrun, stack smashing
-
-Fallo de segmentación o violación de segmento: Cuando se intenta acceder a una dirección de memoria que no ha sido asignada al proceso.
-
-Para obtener la dirección de una función dentro de un programa se puede hacer:
-
-```
-objdump -d ./PROGRAMA | grep FUNCION
-```
-
-## ROP
-
-### Call to sys\_execve
-
-{% content-ref url="rop-syscall-execv.md" %}
-[rop-syscall-execv.md](rop-syscall-execv.md)
-{% endcontent-ref %}
-
 ## **2.SHELLCODE**
 
 Ver interrupciones de kernel: cat /usr/include/i386-linux-gnu/asm/unistd\_32.h | grep “\_\_NR\_”
@@ -148,85 +128,15 @@ sc:
             ;Aquí va el shellcode
 ```
 
-1. **Atacando el Frame Pointer (EBP)**
 
-Útil en una situación en la que podemos modificar el EBP pero no el EIP.
 
-Se sabe que al salir de una función se ejecuta el siguente código ensamblador:
 
-```
-movl               %ebp, %esp
-popl                %ebp
-ret
-```
 
-De esta forma, si se puede modificar el EBP al salir de una función (fvuln) que ha sido llamada por otra función, cuando la función que llamó a fvuln finalice, su EIP puede ser modificado.
 
-En fvuln se puede introducir un EBP falso que apunte a un sitio donde esté la direcciónd e la shellcode + 4 (hay que sumarle 4 por el pop). Así, al salir de la función, se meterá en ESP el valor de &(\&Shellcode)+4, con el pop se le restará 4 al ESP y este apuntará a la dirección de la shellcode cuando se ejcute el ret.
 
-**Exploit:**\
-\&Shellcode + "AAAA" + SHELLCODE + relleno + &(\&Shellcode)+4
 
-**Off-by-One Exploit**\
-Se permite modificar tan solo el byte menos significativo del EBP. Se puede llevar a cabo un ataque como el anterior pero la memoria que guarda la dirección de la shellcode debe compartir los 3 primeros bytes con el EBP.
 
-## **4. Métodos return to Libc**
 
-Método útil cuando el stack no es ejecutable o deja un buffer muy pequeño para modificar.
-
-El ASLR provoca que en cada ejecución las funciones se carguen en posiciones distintas de la memoria. Por lo tanto este método puede no ser efectivo en ese caso. Para servidores remotos, como el programa está siendo ejecutado constantemente en la misma dirección sí puede ser útil.
-
-* **cdecl(C declaration)** Mete los argumentos en el stack y tras salir de la función limpia la pila
-* **stdcall(standard call)** Mete los argumentos en la pila y es la función llamada la que la limpia
-* **fastcall** Mete los dos primeros argumentos en registros y el resto en la pila
-
-Se pone la dirección de la instrucción system de libc y se le pasa como argumento el string “/bin/sh”, normalmente desde una variable de entorno. Además, se usa la dirección a la función exit para que una vez que no se requiera más la shell, salga el programa sin dar problemas (y escribir logs).
-
-**export SHELL=/bin/sh**
-
-Para encontrar las direcciones que necesitaremos se puede mirar dentro de **GDB:**\
-**p system**\
-**p exit**\
-**rabin2 -i ejecutable** —> Da la dirección de todas las funciones que usa el programa al cargarse\
-(Dentro de un start o algun breakpoint): **x/500s $esp** —> Buscamos dentro de aqui el string /bin/sh
-
-Una vez tengamos estas direcciones el **exploit** quedaría:
-
-“A” \* DISTANCIA EBP + 4 (EBP: pueden ser 4 "A"s aunque mejor si es el EBP real para evitar fallos de segmentación) + Dirección de **system** (sobreescribirá el EIP) + Dirección de **exit** (al salir de system(“/bin/sh”) se llamará a esta función pues los primero 4bytes del stack son tratados como la siguiente dirección del EIP a ejecutar) + Dirección de “**/bin/sh**” (será el parámetro pasado a system)
-
-De esta forma el EIP se sobreescribirá con la dirección de system la cual recibirá como parámetro el string “/bin/sh” y al salir de este ejecutará la función exit().
-
-Es posible encontrarse en la situación de que algún byte de alguna dirección de alguna función sea nulo o espacio (\x20). En ese caso se pueden desensamblar las direcciones anteriores a dicha función pues probablemente haya varios NOPs que nos permitan poder llamar a alguno de ellos en vez de a la función directamente (por ejemplo con > x/8i system-4).
-
-Este método funciona pues al llamar a una función como system usando el opcode **ret** en vez de **call**, la función entiende que los primeros 4bytes serán la dirección **EIP** a la que volver.
-
-Una técnica interesante con este método es el llamar a **strncpy()** para mover un payload del stack al heap y posteriormente usar **gets()** para ejecutar dicho payload.
-
-Otra técnica interesante es el uso de **mprotect()** la cual permite asignar los permisos deseados a cualquier parte de la memoria. Sirve o servía en BDS, MacOS y OpenBSD, pero no en linux(controla que no se puedan otorgar a la vez permisos de escritura y ejecución). Con este ataque se podría volver a configurar la pila como ejecutable.
-
-**Encadenamiento de funciones**
-
-Basándonos en la técnica anterior, esta forma de exploit consiste en:\
-Relleno + \&Función1 + \&pop;ret; + \&arg\_fun1 + \&Función2 + \&pop;ret; + \&arg\_fun2 + …
-
-De esta forma se pueden encadenar funciones a las que llamar. Además, si se quieren usar funciones con varios argumentos, se pueden poder los argumentos necesarios (ej 4) y poner los 4 argumentos y buscar dirección a un sitio con opcodes: pop, pop, pop, pop, ret —> **objdump -d ejecutable**
-
-**Encadenamiento mediante falseo de frames (encadenamiento de EBPs)**
-
-Consiste en aprovechar el poder manipular el EBP para ir encadenando la ejecución de varias funciones a través del EBP y de "leave;ret"
-
-RELLENO
-
-* Situamos en el EBP un EBP falso que apunta a: 2º EBP\_falso + la función a ejecutar: (\&system() + \&leave;ret + &“/bin/sh”)
-* En el EIP ponemos de dirección una función &(leave;ret)
-
-Iniciamos la shellcode con la dirección a la siguiente parte de la shellcode, por ej: 2ºEBP\_falso + \&system() + &(leave;ret;) + &”/bin/sh”
-
-el 2ºEBP sería: 3ºEBP\_falso + \&system() + &(leave;ret;) + &”/bin/ls”
-
-Esta shellcode se puede repetir indefinidamente en las partes de memoria a las que se tenga acceso de forma que se conseguirá una shellcode fácilmente divisible por pequeños trozos de memoria.
-
-(Se encadena la ejecución de funciones mezclando las vulnerabilidades vistas anteriormente de EBP y de ret2lib)
 
 ## **5.Métodos complementarios**
 
@@ -240,11 +150,7 @@ El exploit quedaría: SHELLCODE + Relleno (hasta EIP) + **\&ret** (los siguiente
 
 Al parecer funciones como **strncpy** una vez completas eliminan de la pila la dirección donde estaba guardada la shellcode imposibilitando esta técnica. Es decir, la dirección que pasan a la función como argumento (la que guarda la shellcode) es modificada por un 0x00 por lo que al llamar al segundo **ret** se encuentra con un 0x00 y el programa muere.
 
-```
-        **Ret2PopRet**
-```
 
-Si no tenemos control sobre el primer argumento pero sí sobre el segundo o el tercero, podemos sobreescribir EIP con una dirección a pop-ret o pop-pop-ret, según la que necesitemos.
 
 **Técnica de Murat**
 
@@ -305,85 +211,13 @@ Este tipo de overflows no busca lograr escribir algo en el proceso del programa,
 
 No se sabe el valor que puede tomar una variable no inicializada y podría ser interesante observarlo. Puede ser que tome el valor que tomaba una variable de la función anterior y esta sea controlada por el atacante.
 
-## **Format Strings**
+##
 
-In C **`printf`** is function that can be used to **print** some string. The **first parameter** this function expects is the **raw text with the formatters**. The **following parameters** expected are the **values** to **substitute** the **formatters** from the raw text.
+###
 
-The vulnerability appears when an **attacker text is put as the first argument** to this function. The attacker will be able to craft a **special input abusing** the **printf format** string capabilities to **write any data in any address**. Being able this way to **execute arbitrary code**.
+###
 
-Fomatters:
-
-```bash
-%08x —> 8 hex bytes
-%d —> Entire
-%u —> Unsigned
-%s —> String
-%n —> Number of written bytes
-%hn —> Occupies 2 bytes instead of 4
-<n>$X —> Direct access, Example: ("%3$d", var1, var2, var3) —> Access to var3
-```
-
-**`%n`** **writes** the **number of written bytes** in the **indicated address. Writing** as much **bytes** as the hex number we **need** to write is how you can **write any data**.
-
-```bash
-AAAA%.6000d%4\$n —> Write 6004 in the address indicated by the 4º param
-AAAA.%500\$08x —> Param at offset 500
-```
-
-### GOT (Global Offsets Table) / PLT (\*\*Procedure Linkage Table)
-
-This is the table that contains the **address** to the **external functions** used by the program.
-
-Get the address to this table with: **`objdump -s -j .got ./exec`**
-
-![](<../../.gitbook/assets/image (619).png>)
-
-Observe how after **loading** the **executable** in GEF you can **see** the **functions** that are in the **GOT**: `gef➤ x/20x 0xDIR_GOT`
-
-![](<../../.gitbook/assets/image (620) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (5).png>)
-
-Using GEF you can **start** a **debugging** session and execute **`got`** to see the got table:
-
-![](<../../.gitbook/assets/image (621).png>)
-
-In a binary the GOT has the **addresses to the functions or** to the **PLT** section that will load the function address. The goal of this exploit is to **override the GOT entry** of a function that is going to be executed later **with** the **address** of the PLT of the **`system`** **function**. Ideally, you will **override** the **GOT** of a **function** that is **going to be called with parameters controlled by you** (so you will be able to control the parameters sent to the system function).
-
-If **`system`** **isn't used** by the script, the system function **won't** have an entry in the GOT. In this scenario, you will **need to leak first the address** of the `system` function.
-
-**Procedure Linkage Table** is a **read only** table in ELF file that stores all necessary **symbols that need a resolution**. When one of these functions are called the **GOT** will **redirect** the **flow** to the **PLT** so it can **resolve** the **address** of the function and write it on the GOT.\
-Then, the **next time** a call is performed to that address the **function** is **called directly** without needing to resolve it.
-
-You can see the PLT addresses with **`objdump -j .plt -d ./vuln_binary`**
-
-### **Exploit Flow**
-
-As explained before the goal is going to be to **overwrite** the **address** of a **function** in the **GOT** table that is going to be called later. Ideally we could set the **address to a shellcode** located in a executable section, but highly probable you won't be able to write a shellcode in a executable section.\
-So a different option is to **overwrite** a **function** that **receives** its **arguments** from the **user** and **point** it to the **`system`** **function**.
-
-To write the address, usually 2 steps are done: You **first writes 2Bytes** of the address and then the other 2. To do so **`$hn`** is used.
-
-**HOB** is called to the 2 higher bytes of the address\
-**LOB** is called to the 2 lower bytes of the address
-
-So, because of how format string works you need to **write first the smallest** of \[HOB, LOB] and then the other one.
-
-If HOB < LOB\
-`[address+2][address]%.[HOB-8]x%[offset]\$hn%.[LOB-HOB]x%[offset+1]`
-
-If HOB > LOB\
-`[address+2][address]%.[LOB-8]x%[offset+1]\$hn%.[HOB-LOB]x%[offset]`
-
-HOB LOB HOB\_shellcode-8 NºParam\_dir\_HOB LOB\_shell-HOB\_shell NºParam\_dir\_LOB
-
-\`python -c 'print "\x26\x97\x04\x08"+"\x24\x97\x04\x08"+ "%.49143x" + "%4$hn" + "%.15408x" + "%5$hn"'\`
-
-### **Format String Exploit Template**
-
-You an find a **template** to exploit the GOT using format-strings here:
-
-{% content-ref url="format-strings-template.md" %}
-[format-strings-template.md](format-strings-template.md)
-{% endcontent-ref %}
+###
 
 ### **.fini\_array**
 
@@ -475,134 +309,7 @@ Each object of a **class** has a **VPtr** which is a **pointer** to the arrayof
 
 ## **Medidas preventivas y evasiones**
 
-**Return-into-printf**
-
-Es una técnica para convertir un buffer overflow en un error de cadena de formato. Consiste en sustituir el EIP para que apunte a un printf de la función y pasarle como argumento una cadena de formato manipulada para obtener valores sobre el estado del proceso.
-
-**Ataque a librerías**
-
-Las librerías están en una posición con 16bits de aleatoriedad = 65636 posibles direcciones. Si un servidor vulnerable llama a fork() el espacio de direcciones de memoria es clocado en el proceso hijo y se mantiene intacto. Por lo que se puede intentar hacer un brute force a la función usleep() de libc pasándole como argumento “16” de forma que cuando tarde más de lo normal en responder se habrá encontrado dicha función. Sabiendo dónde está dicha función se puede obtener delta\_mmap y calcular las demás.
-
-La única forma de estar seguros de que el ASLR funciona es usando arquitectura de 64bits. Ahí no hay ataques de fuerza bruta.
-
-### Relro
-
-**Relro (Read only Relocation)** affects the memory permissions similar to NX. The difference is whereas with NX it makes the stack executable, RELRO makes **certain things read only** so we **can't write** to them. The most common way I've seen this be an obstacle is preventing us from doing a **`got` table overwrite**, which will be covered later. The `got` table holds addresses for libc functions so that the binary knows what the addresses are and can call them. Let's see what the memory permissions look like for a `got` table entry for a binary with and without relro.
-
-With relro:
-
-```bash
-gef➤  vmmap
-Start              End                Offset             Perm Path
-0x0000555555554000 0x0000555555555000 0x0000000000000000 r-- /tmp/tryc
-0x0000555555555000 0x0000555555556000 0x0000000000001000 r-x /tmp/tryc
-0x0000555555556000 0x0000555555557000 0x0000000000002000 r-- /tmp/tryc
-0x0000555555557000 0x0000555555558000 0x0000000000002000 r-- /tmp/tryc
-0x0000555555558000 0x0000555555559000 0x0000000000003000 rw- /tmp/tryc
-0x0000555555559000 0x000055555557a000 0x0000000000000000 rw- [heap]
-0x00007ffff7dcb000 0x00007ffff7df0000 0x0000000000000000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7df0000 0x00007ffff7f63000 0x0000000000025000 r-x /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7f63000 0x00007ffff7fac000 0x0000000000198000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7fac000 0x00007ffff7faf000 0x00000000001e0000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7faf000 0x00007ffff7fb2000 0x00000000001e3000 rw- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7fb2000 0x00007ffff7fb8000 0x0000000000000000 rw-
-0x00007ffff7fce000 0x00007ffff7fd1000 0x0000000000000000 r-- [vvar]
-0x00007ffff7fd1000 0x00007ffff7fd2000 0x0000000000000000 r-x [vdso]
-0x00007ffff7fd2000 0x00007ffff7fd3000 0x0000000000000000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7fd3000 0x00007ffff7ff4000 0x0000000000001000 r-x /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ff4000 0x00007ffff7ffc000 0x0000000000022000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ffc000 0x00007ffff7ffd000 0x0000000000029000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ffd000 0x00007ffff7ffe000 0x000000000002a000 rw- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ffe000 0x00007ffff7fff000 0x0000000000000000 rw-
-0x00007ffffffde000 0x00007ffffffff000 0x0000000000000000 rw- [stack]
-0xffffffffff600000 0xffffffffff601000 0x0000000000000000 r-x [vsyscall]
-gef➤  p fgets
-$2 = {char *(char *, int, FILE *)} 0x7ffff7e4d100 <_IO_fgets>
-gef➤  search-pattern 0x7ffff7e4d100
-[+] Searching '\x00\xd1\xe4\xf7\xff\x7f' in memory
-[+] In '/tmp/tryc'(0x555555557000-0x555555558000), permission=r--
-  0x555555557fd0 - 0x555555557fe8  →   "\x00\xd1\xe4\xf7\xff\x7f[...]"
-```
-
-Without relro:
-
-```bash
-gef➤  vmmap
-Start              End                Offset             Perm Path
-0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000401000 0x0000000000000000 r-- /tmp/try
-0x0000000000401000 0x0000000000402000 0x0000000000001000 r-x /tmp/try
-0x0000000000402000 0x0000000000403000 0x0000000000002000 r-- /tmp/try
-0x0000000000403000 0x0000000000404000 0x0000000000002000 r-- /tmp/try
-0x0000000000404000 0x0000000000405000 0x0000000000003000 rw- /tmp/try
-0x0000000000405000 0x0000000000426000 0x0000000000000000 rw- [heap]
-0x00007ffff7dcb000 0x00007ffff7df0000 0x0000000000000000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7df0000 0x00007ffff7f63000 0x0000000000025000 r-x /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7f63000 0x00007ffff7fac000 0x0000000000198000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7fac000 0x00007ffff7faf000 0x00000000001e0000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7faf000 0x00007ffff7fb2000 0x00000000001e3000 rw- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7fb2000 0x00007ffff7fb8000 0x0000000000000000 rw-
-0x00007ffff7fce000 0x00007ffff7fd1000 0x0000000000000000 r-- [vvar]
-0x00007ffff7fd1000 0x00007ffff7fd2000 0x0000000000000000 r-x [vdso]
-0x00007ffff7fd2000 0x00007ffff7fd3000 0x0000000000000000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7fd3000 0x00007ffff7ff4000 0x0000000000001000 r-x /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ff4000 0x00007ffff7ffc000 0x0000000000022000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ffc000 0x00007ffff7ffd000 0x0000000000029000 r-- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ffd000 0x00007ffff7ffe000 0x000000000002a000 rw- /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.29.so
-0x00007ffff7ffe000 0x00007ffff7fff000 0x0000000000000000 rw-
-0x00007ffffffde000 0x00007ffffffff000 0x0000000000000000 rw- [stack]
-0xffffffffff600000 0xffffffffff601000 0x0000000000000000 r-x [vsyscall]
-gef➤  p fgets
-$2 = {char *(char *, int, FILE *)} 0x7ffff7e4d100 <_IO_fgets>
-gef➤  search-pattern 0x7ffff7e4d100
-[+] Searching '\x00\xd1\xe4\xf7\xff\x7f' in memory
-[+] In '/tmp/try'(0x404000-0x405000), permission=rw-
-  0x404018 - 0x404030  →   "\x00\xd1\xe4\xf7\xff\x7f[...]"
-```
-
-For the binary **without relro**, we can see that the `got` entry address for `fgets` is `0x404018`. Looking at the memory mappings we see that it falls between `0x404000` and `0x405000`, which has the **permissions `rw`**, meaning we can read and write to it. For the binary **with relro**, we see that the `got` table address for the run of the binary (pie is enabled so this address will change) is `0x555555557fd0`. In that binary's memory mapping it falls between `0x0000555555557000` and `0x0000555555558000`, which has the memory **permission `r`**, meaning that we can only read from it.
-
-So what's the **bypass**? The typical bypass I use is to just don't write to memory regions that relro causes to be read only, and **find a different way to get code execution**.
-
-Note that in order for this to happen the binary needs to know previous to execution the addresses to the functions:
-
-* Lazy binding: The address of a function is searched the first time the function is called. So, the GOT needs to have write permissions during execution.
-* Bind now: The addresses of the functions are solved at the begginig of the execution, then read-only permissions are given to sensitive sections like .got, .dtors, .ctors, .dynamic, .jcr. `` `** ``-z relro`**`y`**`-z now\`\*\*
-
-To check if a program uses Bind now you can do:
-
-```bash
-readelf -l /proc/ID_PROC/exe | grep BIND_NOW
-```
-
-Cuando el binario es cargado en memoria y una función es llamada por primera vez se salta a la PLT (Procedure Linkage Table), de aquí se realiza un salto (jmp) a la GOT y descubre que esa entrada no ha sido resuelta (contiene una dirección siguiente de la PLT). Por lo que invoca al Runtime Linker o rtfd para que resuelva la dirección y la guarde en la GOT.
-
-Cuando se llama a una función se llama a la PLT, esta tiene la dirección de la GOT donde se almacena la dirección de la función, por lo que redirige el flujo allí y así se llama a la función. Sin embargo, si es la primera vez que se llama a la función, lo que hay en la GOT es la siguiente instrucción de la PLT, por lo tanto el flujo sigue el código de la PLT (rtfd) y averigua la dirección de la función, la guarda en la GOT y la llama.
-
-Al cargar un binario en memoria el compilador le ha dicho en qué offset tiene que situar datos que se deben de cargar cuando se corre el programa.
-
-Lazy binding —> La dirección de la función se busca la primera vez que se invoca dicha función, por lo que la GOT tiene permisos de escritura para que cuando se busque, se guarde ahí y no haya que volver a buscarla.
-
-Bind now —> Las direcciones de las funciones se buscan al cargar el programa y se cambian los permisos de las secciones .got, .dtors, .ctors, .dynamic, .jcr a solo lectura. **-z relro** y **-z now**
-
-A pesar de esto, en general los programas no están complicados con esas opciones luego estos ataques siguen siendo posibles.
-
-**readelf -l /proc/ID\_PROC/exe | grep BIND\_NOW** —> Para saber si usan el BIND NOW
-
-**Fortify Source -D\_FORTIFY\_SOURCE=1 o =2**
-
-Trata de identificar las funciones que copian de un sitio a otro de forma insegura y cambiar la función por una función segura.
-
-Por ej:\
-char buf\[16];\
-strcpy(but, source);
-
-La identifica como insegura y entonces cambia strcpy() por \_\_strcpy\_chk() utilizando el tamaño del buffer como tamaño máximo a copiar.
-
-La diferencia entre **=1** o **=2** es que:
-
-La segunda no permite que **%n** venga de una sección con permisos de escritura. Además el parámetro para acceso directo de argumentos solo puede ser usado si se usan los anteriores, es decir, solo se pueda usar **%3$d** si antes se ha usado **%2$d** y **%1$d**
-
-Para mostrar el mensaje de error se usa el argv\[0], por lo que si se pone en el la dirección de otro sitio (como una variable global) el mensaje de error mostrará el contenido de dicha variable. Pag 191
+###
 
 **Reemplazo de Libsafe**
 
@@ -620,10 +327,6 @@ Consiste en cargar las librería compartidas de 0x00000000 a 0x00ffffff para que
 
 Consiste en realiza un ROP de forma que se llame a la función strcpy@plt (de la plt) y se apunte a la entrada de la GOT y se copie el primer byte de la función a la que se quiere llamar (system()). Acto seguido se hace lo mismo apuntando a GOT+1 y se copia el 2ºbyte de system()… Al final se llama la dirección guardada en GOT que será system()
 
-**Falso EBP**
-
-Para las funciones que usen el EBP como registro para apuntar a los argumentos al modificar el EIP y apuntar a system() se debe haber modificado el EBP también para que apunte a una zona de memoria que tenga 2 bytes cuales quiera y después la dirección a &”/bin/sh”.
-
 **Jaulas con chroot()**
 
 debootstrap -arch=i386 hardy /home/user —> Instala un sistema básico bajo un subdirectorio específico

forensics/basic-forensic-methodology/linux-forensics.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Linux Forensics
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ icat -i raw -f ext4 disk.img 16
 ThisisTheMasterSecret
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ find /sbin/ –exec rpm -qf {} \; | grep "is not"
 find / -type f -executable | grep <something>
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ usbrip ids search --pid 0002 --vid 0e0f #Search for pid AND vid
 
 More examples and info inside the github: [https://github.com/snovvcrash/usbrip](https://github.com/snovvcrash/usbrip)
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company ad
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

forensics/basic-forensic-methodology/specific-software-file-type-tricks/browser-artifacts.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ These paths and commands are crucial for accessing and understanding the browsin
 * [https://books.google.com/books?id=jfMqCgAAQBAJ\&pg=PA128\&lpg=PA128\&dq=%22This+file](https://books.google.com/books?id=jfMqCgAAQBAJ\&pg=PA128\&lpg=PA128\&dq=%22This+file)
 * **Book: OS X Incident Response: Scripting and Analysis By Jaron Bradley pag 123**
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

forensics/basic-forensic-methodology/specific-software-file-type-tricks/local-cloud-storage.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Other tables inside this database contain more interesting information:
 * **deleted\_fields**: Dropbox deleted files
 * **date\_added**
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

forensics/basic-forensic-methodology/specific-software-file-type-tricks/office-file-analysis.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ sudo pip3 install -U oletools
 olevba -c /path/to/document #Extract macros
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

forensics/basic-forensic-methodology/specific-software-file-type-tricks/pdf-file-analysis.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Brute Force - CheatSheet
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Finished in 0.920s.
 * [**https://hashkiller.io/listmanager**](https://hashkiller.io/listmanager)
 * [**https://github.com/Karanxa/Bug-Bounty-Wordlists**](https://github.com/Karanxa/Bug-Bounty-Wordlists)
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ set PASS_FILE /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/passwords.lst
 crackmapexec winrm <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ zip -r file.xls .
 crackpkcs12 -d /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./cert.pfx
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

generic-methodologies-and-resources/external-recon-methodology/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 If you are interested in **hacking career** and hack the unhackable - **we are hiring!** (_fluent polish written and spoken required_).
 
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ There are several tools out there that will perform part of the proposed actions
 
 * All free courses of [**@Jhaddix**](https://twitter.com/Jhaddix) like [**The Bug Hunter's Methodology v4.0 - Recon Edition**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4JgIu1mceI)
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 If you are interested in **hacking career** and hack the unhackable - **we are hiring!** (_fluent polish written and spoken required_).
 

generic-methodologies-and-resources/pentesting-methodology.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 If you are interested in **hacking career** and hack the unhackable - **we are hiring!** (_fluent polish written and spoken required_).
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ Check also the page about [**NTLM**](../windows-hardening/ntlm/), it could be ve
 * [**CBC-MAC**](../cryptography/cipher-block-chaining-cbc-mac-priv.md)
 * [**Padding Oracle**](../cryptography/padding-oracle-priv.md)
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 If you are interested in **hacking career** and hack the unhackable - **we are hiring!** (_fluent polish written and spoken required_).
 

generic-methodologies-and-resources/python/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Get Access Today:
 * [**Basic python web requests syntax**](web-requests.md)
 * [**Basic python syntax and libraries**](basic-python.md)
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

generic-methodologies-and-resources/python/venv.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pip3 install wheel
 inside the virtual environment
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

generic-methodologies-and-resources/python/web-requests.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ term = Terminal()
 term.cmdloop()
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

generic-methodologies-and-resources/search-exploits.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ You can also search in vulners database: [https://vulners.com/](https://vulners.
 
 This searches for exploits in other databases: [https://sploitus.com/](https://sploitus.com)
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

linux-hardening/bypass-bash-restrictions/bypass-fs-protections-read-only-no-exec-distroless/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 If you are interested in **hacking career** and hack the unhackable - **we are hiring!** (_fluent polish written and spoken required_).
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ However, in this kind of containers these protections will usually exist, but yo
 
 You can find **examples** on how to **exploit some RCE vulnerabilities** to get scripting languages **reverse shells** and execute binaries from memory in [**https://github.com/carlospolop/DistrolessRCE**](https://github.com/carlospolop/DistrolessRCE).
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 If you are interested in **hacking career** and hack the unhackable - **we are hiring!** (_fluent polish written and spoken required_).
 

linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/docker-security/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ When switching Docker hosts, it's necessary to move the root and repository keys
 
 ***
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Get Access Today:
 
 <summary>Summary of Container Security Features</summary>
 
-#### Main Process Isolation Features
+**Main Process Isolation Features**
 
 In containerized environments, isolating projects and their processes is paramount for security and resource management. Here's a simplified explanation of key concepts:
 
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ If you have access to the docker socket or have access to a user in the **docker
 * [https://towardsdatascience.com/top-20-docker-security-tips-81c41dd06f57](https://towardsdatascience.com/top-20-docker-security-tips-81c41dd06f57)
 * [https://resources.experfy.com/bigdata-cloud/top-20-docker-security-tips/](https://resources.experfy.com/bigdata-cloud/top-20-docker-security-tips/)
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/docker-security/docker-breakout-privilege-escalation/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ cat /proc/self/status | grep CapEff
 
 The second technique explained in the post [https://labs.withsecure.com/blog/abusing-the-access-to-mount-namespaces-through-procpidroot/](https://labs.withsecure.com/blog/abusing-the-access-to-mount-namespaces-through-procpidroot/) indicates how you can abuse bind mounts with user namespaces, to affect files inside the host (in that specific case, delete files).
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
 Get Access Today:
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ If you are in **userspace** (**no kernel exploit** involved) the way to find new
 * [https://0xn3va.gitbook.io/cheat-sheets/container/escaping/exposed-docker-socket](https://0xn3va.gitbook.io/cheat-sheets/container/escaping/exposed-docker-socket)
 * [https://bishopfox.com/blog/kubernetes-pod-privilege-escalation#Pod4](https://bishopfox.com/blog/kubernetes-pod-privilege-escalation#Pod4)
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
 Get Access Today:

linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Useful Linux Commands
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ sudo chattr -i file.txt #Remove the bit so you can delete it
 7z l file.zip
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ If you are inside a filesystem with the **read-only and noexec protections** or
 * [https://medium.com/secjuice/web-application-firewall-waf-evasion-techniques-2-125995f3e7b0](https://medium.com/secjuice/web-application-firewall-waf-evasion-techniques-2-125995f3e7b0)
 * [https://www.secjuice.com/web-application-firewall-waf-evasion/](https://www.secjuice.com/web-application-firewall-waf-evasion/)
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

macos-hardening/macos-auto-start-locations.md

@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ The iTerm2 preferences located in **`~/Library/Preferences/com.googlecode.iterm2
 
 This setting can be configured in the iTerm2 settings:
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 And the command is reflected in the preferences:
 
@@ -863,7 +863,7 @@ mv /tmp/folder.scpt "$HOME/Library/Scripts/Folder Action Scripts"
 
 Then, open the `Folder Actions Setup` app, select the **folder you would like to watch** and select in your case **`folder.scpt`** (in my case I called it output2.scp):
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="297"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="297"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Now, if you open that folder with **Finder**, your script will be executed.
 
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ Now, lets try to prepare this persistence without GUI access:
    * `cp ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.FolderActionsDispatcher.plist /tmp`
 2. **Remove** the Folder Actions you just set:
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Now that we have an empty environment
 
@@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@ Writeup: [https://posts.specterops.io/saving-your-access-d562bf5bf90b](https://p
 * `~/Library/Screen Savers`
   * **Trigger**: Select the screen saver
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 #### Description & Exploit
 

macos-hardening/macos-red-teaming/README.md

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Moreover, after finding proper credentials you could be able to brute-force othe
 
 #### JAMF device Authentication
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 The **`jamf`** binary contained the secret to open the keychain which at the time of the discovery was **shared** among everybody and it was: **`jk23ucnq91jfu9aj`**.\
 Moreover, jamf **persist** as a **LaunchDaemon** in **`/Library/LaunchAgents/com.jamf.management.agent.plist`**

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/mac-os-architecture/macos-kernel-extensions.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Obviously, this is so powerful that it is **complicated to load a kernel extensi
 
 * When **entering recovery mode**, kernel **extensions must be allowed** to be loaded:
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 * The kernel extension must be **signed with a kernel code signing certificate**, which can only be **granted by Apple**. Who will review in detail the company and the reasons why it is needed.
 * The kernel extension must also be **notarized**, Apple will be able to check it for malware.

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-files-folders-and-binaries/universal-binaries-and-mach-o-format.md

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Example of **section header**:
 
 If you **add** the **section offset** (0x37DC) + the **offset** where the **arch starts**, in this case `0x18000` --> `0x37DC + 0x18000 = 0x1B7DC`
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 It's also possible to get **headers information** from the **command line** with:
 

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-proces-abuse/macos-electron-applications-injection.md

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Binary file Slack.app//Contents/Frameworks/Electron Framework.framework/Versions
 
 You could load this file in [https://hexed.it/](https://hexed.it/) and search for the previous string. After this string you can see in ASCII a number "0" or "1" indicating if each fuse is disabled or enabled. Just modify the hex code (`0x30` is `0` and `0x31` is `1`) to **modify the fuse values**.
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Note that if you try to **overwrite** the **`Electron Framework` binary** inside an application with these bytes modified, the app won't run.
 

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-proces-abuse/macos-ipc-inter-process-communication/macos-mig-mach-interface-generator.md

@@ -343,10 +343,10 @@ This is the same function decompiled in a difefrent Hopper free version:
 
 Actually if you go to the function **`0x100004000`** you will find the array of **`routine_descriptor`** structs. The first element of the struct is the **address** where the **function** is implemented, and the **struct takes 0x28 bytes**, so each 0x28 bytes (starting from byte 0) you can get 8 bytes and that will be the **address of the function** that will be called:
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
-
 <figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
+<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+
 This data can be extracted [**using this Hopper script**](https://github.com/knightsc/hopper/blob/master/scripts/MIG%20Detect.py).
 
 <details>

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-proces-abuse/macos-ipc-inter-process-communication/macos-xpc/macos-xpc-authorization.md

@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ authenticate-session-owner, authenticate-session-owner-or-admin, authenticate-se
 
 If you find the function: **`[HelperTool checkAuthorization:command:]`** it's probably the the process is using the previously mentioned schema for authorization:
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Thisn, if this function is calling functions such as `AuthorizationCreateFromExternalForm`, `authorizationRightForCommand`, `AuthorizationCopyRights`, `AuhtorizationFree`, it's using [**EvenBetterAuthorizationSample**](https://github.com/brenwell/EvenBetterAuthorizationSample/blob/e1052a1855d3a5e56db71df5f04e790bfd4389c4/HelperTool/HelperTool.m#L101-L154).
 
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ Then, you need to find the protocol schema in order to be able to establish a co
 
 The function **`shouldAcceptNewConnection`** indicates the protocol being exported:
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 In this case, we have the same as in EvenBetterAuthorizationSample, [**check this line**](https://github.com/brenwell/EvenBetterAuthorizationSample/blob/e1052a1855d3a5e56db71df5f04e790bfd4389c4/HelperTool/HelperTool.m#L94).
 

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-proces-abuse/macos-ipc-inter-process-communication/macos-xpc/macos-xpc-connecting-process-check/macos-xpc_connection_get_audit_token-attack.md

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Below is a visual representation of the described attack scenario:
 
 !\[https://sector7.computest.nl/post/2023-10-xpc-audit-token-spoofing/variant2.png]\(../../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png)
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="https://sector7.computest.nl/post/2023-10-xpc-audit-token-spoofing/variant2.png" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="https://sector7.computest.nl/post/2023-10-xpc-audit-token-spoofing/variant2.png" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 ## Discovery Problems
 

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-proces-abuse/macos-perl-applications-injection.md

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Some of the returned folders doesn't even exist, however, **`/Library/Perl/5.30`
 However, note that you **need to be root to write in that folder** and nowadays you will get this **TCC prompt**:
 {% endhint %}
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="244"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="244"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 For example, if a script is importing **`use File::Basename;`** it would be possible to create `/Library/Perl/5.30/File/Basename.pm` to make it execute arbitrary code.
 

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-security-protections/macos-dangerous-entitlements.md

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Allows to **change** the **`NFSHomeDirectory`** attribute of a user that changes
 
 Allow to modify files inside apps bundle (inside app.app), which is **disallowed by default**.
 
-<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 It's possible to check who has this access in _System Settings_ > _Privacy & Security_ > _App Management._
 

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-security-protections/macos-tcc/README.md

@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ Therefore, you won't be able to abuse the full FDA habilities.
 
 This is the TCC prompt to get Automation privileges over Finder:
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="244"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="244"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 {% hint style="danger" %}
 Note that because the **Automator** app has the TCC permission **`kTCCServiceAppleEvents`**, it can **control any app**, like Finder. So having the permission to control Automator you could also control the **Finder** with a code like the one below:

macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-security-protections/macos-tcc/macos-tcc-bypasses/README.md

@@ -536,11 +536,11 @@ In several occasions files will store sensitive information like emails, phone n
 
 This doesn't work anymore, but it [**did in the past**](https://twitter.com/noarfromspace/status/639125916233416704/photo/1)**:**
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Another way using [**CoreGraphics events**](https://objectivebythesea.org/v2/talks/OBTS\_v2\_Wardle.pdf):
 
-<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../../../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 ## Reference
 

mobile-pentesting/android-app-pentesting/install-burp-certificate.md

@@ -54,19 +54,19 @@ Explained in [**this video**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQicUW0svB8) you n
 
 1. **Install a CA certificate**: Just **drag\&drop** the DER Burp certificate **changing the extension** to `.crt` in the mobile so it's stored in the Downloads folder and go to `Install a certificate` -> `CA certificate`
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="164"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="164"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 * Check that the certificate was correctly stored going to `Trusted credentials` -> `USER`
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="334"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="334"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 2. **Make it System trusted**: Download the Magisc module [MagiskTrustUserCerts](https://github.com/NVISOsecurity/MagiskTrustUserCerts) (a .zip file), **drag\&drop it** in the phone, go to the **Magics app** in the phone to the **`Modules`** section, click on **`Install from storage`**, select the `.zip` module and once installed **reboot** the phone:
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="345"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="345"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 * After rebooting, go to `Trusted credentials` -> `SYSTEM` and check the Postswigger cert is there
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="314"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt="" width="314"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 ## Post Android 14
 

mobile-pentesting/ios-pentesting-checklist.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # iOS Pentesting Checklist
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 **Try Hard Security Group**
 
-<figure><img src="/.gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 {% embed url="https://discord.gg/tryhardsecurity" %}
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 **Try Hard Security Group**
 
-<figure><img src="/.gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 {% embed url="https://discord.gg/tryhardsecurity" %}
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

mobile-pentesting/ios-pentesting/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # iOS Pentesting
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ struct CGSize {
 
 However, the best options to disassemble the binary are: [**Hopper**](https://www.hopperapp.com/download.html?) and [**IDA**](https://www.hex-rays.com/products/ida/support/download\_freeware/).
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ Followed by commands to observe log activities, which can be invaluable for diag
 
 ***
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -1193,7 +1193,7 @@ otool -L <application_path>
 * [https://github.com/authenticationfailure/WheresMyBrowser.iOS](https://github.com/authenticationfailure/WheresMyBrowser.iOS)
 * [https://github.com/nabla-c0d3/ssl-kill-switch2](https://github.com/nabla-c0d3/ssl-kill-switch2)
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

mobile-pentesting/ios-pentesting/burp-configuration-for-ios.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ Steps to configure Burp as proxy:
 
 * Click on _**Ok**_ and the in _**Apply**_
 
-<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

network-services-pentesting/1099-pentesting-java-rmi.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ Entry_1:
   Command: rmg enum {IP} {PORT}
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

network-services-pentesting/113-pentesting-ident.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
 Get Access Today:
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ ident-user-enum v1.0 ( http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/ident-user-enum )
 
 identd.conf
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
 Get Access Today:

network-services-pentesting/8086-pentesting-influxdb.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # 8086 - Pentesting InfluxDB
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

network-services-pentesting/pentesting-dns.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ dig google.com A @<IP>
 
 ![](<../.gitbook/assets/image (276).png>)
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ Entry_6:
   Command: msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/dns/dns_amp; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 53; run; exit' && msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/gather/enum_dns; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 53; run; exit' 
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 

network-services-pentesting/pentesting-postgresql.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # 5432,5433 - Pentesting Postgresql
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (3) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 \
 Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\

network-services-pentesting/pentesting-rdp.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ rdp\_check.py from impacket let you check if some credentials are valid for a RD
 rdp_check <domain>/<name>:<password>@<IP>
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ Entry_2:
   Command: nmap --script "rdp-enum-encryption or rdp-vuln-ms12-020 or rdp-ntlm-info" -p 3389 -T4 {IP}
 ```
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 

network-services-pentesting/pentesting-remote-gdbserver.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Other ways to support HackTricks:
 
 </details>
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ RemoteCmd()
 ```
 {% endcode %}
 
-<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
+<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (2) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
 
 **Instantly available setup for vulnerability assessment & penetration testing**. Run a full pentest from anywhere with 20+ tools & features that go from recon to reporting. We don't replace pentesters - we develop custom tools, detection & exploitation modules to give them back some time to dig deeper, pop shells, and have fun.