# Objective
See https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/issues/5488 for context and
rationale.
## Solution
- Disables `wgpu::Features::RAY_QUERY` and
`wgpu::Features::RAY_TRACING_ACCELERATION_STRUCTURE` by default. They
must be explicitly opted into now.
---
## Changelog
- Disables `wgpu::Features::RAY_QUERY` and
`wgpu::Features::RAY_TRACING_ACCELERATION_STRUCTURE` by default. They
must be explicitly opted into now.
## Migration Guide
- If you need `wgpu::Features::RAY_QUERY` or
`wgpu::Features::RAY_TRACING_ACCELERATION_STRUCTURE`, enable them
explicitly using `WgpuSettings::features`
# Objective
Fix crashing on Linux with latest stable Nvidia 550 driver when
resizing. The crash happens at startup with some setups.
Fixes#12199
I think this would be nice to get into 0.13.1
## Solution
Ignore `wgpu::SurfaceError::Outdated` always on this platform+driver.
It looks like Nvidia considered the previous behaviour of not returning
this error a bug:
"Fixed a bug where vkAcquireNextImageKHR() was not returning
VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR when it should with WSI X11 swapchains"
(https://www.nvidia.com/Download/driverResults.aspx/218826/en-us/)
What I gather from this is that the surface was outdated on previous
drivers too, but they just didn't report it as an error. So behaviour
shouldn't change.
In the issue conversation we experimented with calling `continue` when
this error happens, but I found that it results in some small issues
like bevy_egui scale not updating with the window sometimes. Just doing
nothing seems to work better.
## Changelog
- Fixed crashing on Linux with Nvidia 550 driver when resizing the
window
## Migration Guide
---------
Co-authored-by: James Liu <contact@jamessliu.com>
# Objective
Fix#12728. Fix unsoundnesss from unhandled null characters in Android
logs.
## Solution
Use `CString` instead of using formatted Strings. Properly document the
safety invariants of the FFI call.
# Objective
Fix the regression for Root Node's Layout behavior introduced in
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/12268
- Add regression test for Root Node Layout's behaving as they did before
0.13.1
- Restore pre 0.13.1 Root Node Layout behavior (fixes
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/12624)
## Solution
This implements [@nicoburns suggestion
](https://discord.com/channels/691052431525675048/743663673393938453/1221593626476548146),
where instead of adding the camera to the taffy node tree, we revert
back to adding a new "parent" node for each root node while maintaining
their relationship with the camera.
> If you can do the ecs change detection to move the node to the correct
Taffy instance for the camera then you should also be able to move it to
a `Vec` of root nodes for that camera.
---
## Changelog
Fixed https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/12624 - Restores pre
0.13.1 Root Node Layout behavior
## Migration Guide
If you were affected by the 0.13.1 regression and added `position_type:
Absolute` to all your root nodes you might be able to reclaim some LOC
by removing them now that the 0.13 behavior is restored.
# Objective
This PR fixes#12125
## Solution
The logic in this PR was borrowed from gloo-net and essentially probes
the global Javascript context to see if we are in a window or a worker
before calling `fetch_with_str`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Zachary Harrold <zac@harrold.com.au>
fix#12344
use existing machinery in track_assets to determine if the asset is
unused before firing Asset::Unused event
~~most extract functions use `AssetEvent::Removed` to schedule deletion
of render world resources. `RenderAssetPlugin` was using
`AssetEvent::Unused` instead.
`Unused` fires when the last strong handle is dropped, even if a new one
is created. `Removed` only fires when a new one is not created.
as far as i can see, `Unused` is the same as `Removed` except for this
"feature", and that it also fires early if all handles for a loading
asset are dropped (`Removed` fires after the loading completes). note
that in that case, processing based on `Loaded` won't have been done
anyway.
i think we should get rid of `Unused` completely, it is not currently
used anywhere (except here, previously) and i think using it is probably
always a mistake.
i also am not sure why we keep loading assets that have been dropped
while loading, we should probably drop the loader task as well and
remove immediately.~~
# Objective
- Addresses #12462
- When we serialize an enum, deserialize it, then reserialize it, the
correct variant should be selected.
## Solution
- Change `dynamic_enum.set_variant` to
`dynamic_enum.set_variant_with_index` in `EnumVisitor`
# Objective
To have a user level workaround for #12237.
## Solution
Workaround to the problem is described in:
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/12237#issuecomment-1983680632
## Changelog
### Changed
- `CreateWindowParams` type and `create_windows` system from
`bevy_winit` is now public, which allows library authors and game
developers to manually trigger window creation when needed.
# Objective
Fixes#12064
## Solution
Prior to #11326, the "global physical" translation of text was rounded.
After #11326, only the "offset" is being rounded.
This moves things around so that the "global translation" is converted
to physical pixels, rounded, and then converted back to logical pixels,
which is what I believe was happening before / what the comments above
describe.
## Discussion
This seems to work and fix an obvious mistake in some code, but I don't
fully grok the ui / text pipelines / math here.
## Before / After and test example
<details>
<summary>Expand Code</summary>
```rust
use std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
use bevy::prelude::*;
use bevy_internal:🪟:WindowResolution;
const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 25.0;
const PADDING: f32 = 5.0;
fn main() {
App::new()
.add_plugins(
DefaultPlugins.set(WindowPlugin {
primary_window: Some(Window {
resolution: WindowResolution::default().with_scale_factor_override(1.0),
..default()
}),
..default()
}),
//.set(ImagePlugin::default_nearest()),
)
.add_systems(Startup, setup)
.run();
}
fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
let font = asset_server.load("fonts/FiraSans-Bold.ttf");
for x in [20.5, 140.0] {
for i in 1..10 {
text(
&mut commands,
font.clone(),
x,
(FONT_SIZE + PADDING) * i as f32,
i,
Quat::default(),
1.0,
);
}
}
for x in [450.5, 700.0] {
for i in 1..10 {
text(
&mut commands,
font.clone(),
x,
((FONT_SIZE * 2.0) + PADDING) * i as f32,
i,
Quat::default(),
2.0,
);
}
}
for y in [400.0, 600.0] {
for i in 1..10 {
text(
&mut commands,
font.clone(),
(FONT_SIZE + PADDING) * i as f32,
y,
i,
Quat::from_rotation_z(FRAC_PI_2),
1.0,
);
}
}
}
fn text(
commands: &mut Commands,
font: Handle<Font>,
x: f32,
y: f32,
i: usize,
rot: Quat,
scale: f32,
) {
let text = (65..(65 + i)).map(|a| a as u8 as char).collect::<String>();
commands.spawn(TextBundle {
style: Style {
position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
left: Val::Px(x),
top: Val::Px(y),
..default()
},
text: Text::from_section(
text,
TextStyle {
font,
font_size: FONT_SIZE,
..default()
},
),
transform: Transform::from_rotation(rot).with_scale(Vec2::splat(scale).extend(1.)),
..default()
});
}
```
</details>
Open both images in new tabs and swap back and forth. Pay attention to
the "A" and "ABCD" lines.
<details>
<summary>Before</summary>
<img width="640" alt="main3"
src="https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/assets/200550/248d7a55-d06d-433f-80da-1914803c3551">
</details>
<details>
<summary>After</summary>
<img width="640" alt="pr3"
src="https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/assets/200550/26a9d292-07ae-4af3-b035-e187b2529ace">
</details>
---------
Co-authored-by: François Mockers <mockersf@gmail.com>
# Objective
`System<f32>` currently does not implement `Eq` even though it should
## Solution
Manually implement `Eq` like other traits are manually implemented
# Objective
fix occasional crash from commands.insert when quickly spawning and
despawning skinned/morphed meshes
## Solution
use `try_insert` instead of `insert`. if the entity is deleted we don't
mind failing to add the `NoAutomaticBatching` marker.
# Objective
Fixes#12353
When only `webp` was selected, `ImageLoader` would not be initialized.
That is, users using `default-features = false` would need to add `png`
or `bmp` or something in addition to `webp` in order to use `webp`.
This was also the case for `pnm`.
## Solution
Add `webp` and `pnm` to the list of features that trigger the
initialization of `ImageLoader`.
# Objective
- Fix slightly wrong logic from #11442
- Directional lights should not have a near clip plane
## Solution
- Push near clip out to infinity, so that the frustum normal is still
available if its needed for whatever reason in shader
- also opportunistically nabs a typo
- Avoid version mismatch
- When cpal updates oboe in a patch release, this breaks android support
for Bevy
- Use the same version of oboe as cpal by relying on it to re-export the
feature
# Objective
- Fixes#12255
Still needs confirming what the consequences are from having camera
viewport nodes live on the root of the taffy tree.
## Solution
To fix calculating the layouts for UI nodes we need to cleanup the
children previously set whenever `TargetCamera` is updated. This also
maintains a list of taffy camera nodes and cleans them up when removed.
---
## Changelog
Fixed#12255
## Migration Guide
changes affect private structs/members so shouldn't need actions by
engine users.
# Objective
Fixes#12126
Notably this does not appear to fix the console error spam that appears
to be coming from winit, only the performance bug that occurs when
tabbing out and back into the game.
## Solution
The winit event loop starts out as `ControlFlow::Wait` by default. When
switching to `UpdateMode::Reactive` or `UpdateMode::ReactiveLowPower`,
we repeatedly update this to `ControlFlow::WaitUntil(next)`. When
switching back to `UpdateMode::Continuous`, the event loop is
erroneously stuck at the latest `ControlFlow::WaitUntil(next)` that was
issued.
I also changed how we handle `Event::NewEvents` since the `StartCause`
already tells us enough information to make that decision. This came
about my debugging and I left it in as an improvement.
Hi, this is a minimal implementation of #12159. I wasn't sure if the
`EventLoopProxy` should be wrapped somewhat to make it more explicit.
Minimal implementation of #12159
When using `UpdateMode::Reactive` it is currently not possible to
request a redraw when a long running task is finished or an external
source has new data.
This makes the following possible which will then run an app update once
``` rust
// EventLoopProxy is Send on most architectures
// The EventLoopProxy can also be saved in a thread local for WASM or a static in other architecturecs
pub fn example(proxy: NonSend<EventLoopProxy<()>>) {
let clone: EventLoopProxy<()> = proxy.clone();
thread::spawn(move || {
// do long work
clone.send_event(());
});
}
```
By using the EventLoopProxy one can manually send events from external
threads to the event loop as `UserEvent`s.
This simply sets redraw_requested when a `UserEvent` is received.
- Added the ability to request a redraw from an external source
---------
Co-authored-by: Kellner, Robin <Robin.Kellner@vector.com>
This PR unpins `web-sys` so that unrelated projects that have
`bevy_render` in their workspace can finally update their `web-sys`.
More details in and fixes#12246.
* Update `wgpu` from 0.19.1 to 0.19.3.
* Remove the `web-sys` pin.
* Update docs and wasm helper to remove the now-stale
`--cfg=web_sys_unstable_apis` Rust flag.
---
Updated `wgpu` to v0.19.3 and removed `web-sys` pin.
# Objective
- Make `GizmoConfigStore` play well with reflection-based workflows like
editors.
## Solution
- `#[derive(Reflect)]` and call `.register_type()`.
# Objective
Since #9822, `SimpleExecutor` panics when an automatic sync point is
inserted:
```rust
let mut sched = Schedule::default();
sched.set_executor_kind(ExecutorKind::Simple);
sched.add_systems((|_: Commands| (), || ()).chain());
sched.run(&mut World::new());
```
```
System's param_state was not found. Did you forget to initialize this system before running it?
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
Encountered a panic in system `bevy_ecs::schedule::executor::apply_deferred`!
```
## Solution
Don't try to run the `apply_deferred` system.
# Objective
Fixes Skyboxes on WebGL, which broke in Bevy 0.13 due to the addition of
the `brightness` uniform, when previously the skybox pipeline only had
view and global uniforms.
```ignore
panicked at ~/.cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/wgpu-0.19.1/src/backend/wgpu_core.rs:3009:5:
wgpu error: Validation Error
Caused by:
In Device::create_render_pipeline
note: label = `skybox_pipeline`
In the provided shader, the type given for group 0 binding 3 has a size of 4. As the device does not support `DownlevelFlags::BUFFER_BINDINGS_NOT_16_BYTE_ALIGNED`, the type must have a size that is a multiple of 16 bytes.
```
It would be nice if this could be backported to a 0.13.1 patch as well
if possible. I'm needing to rely on my own fork for now.
## Solution
Similar to the Globals uniform solution here:
d31de3f139/crates/bevy_render/src/globals.rs (L59-L60)
I've added 3 conditional fields to `SkyboxUniforms`.
# Objective
Improve code quality and prevent bugs.
## Solution
I removed the unnecessary wildcards from `<LogPlugin as Plugin>::build`.
I also changed the warnings that would occur if the subscriber/logger
was already set into errors.
# Objective
- Fixes#11977 - user defined shaders don't work in wasm
- After investigation, it won't work if the shader is not yet available
when compiling the pipeline on all platforms, for example if you load
many assets
## Solution
- Set the pipeline state to queued when it errs waiting for the shader
so that it's retried
# Objective
- Some properties of public types are private but sometimes it's useful
to be able to set those
## Solution
- Make more stuff pub
---
## Changelog
- `MaterialBindGroupId` internal id is now pub and added a new()
constructor
- `ExtractedPointLight` and `ExtractedDirectionalLight` properties are
now all pub
---------
Co-authored-by: James Liu <contact@jamessliu.com>
This PR closes#11978
# Objective
Fix rendering on iOS Simulators.
iOS Simulator doesn't support the capability CUBE_ARRAY_TEXTURES, since
0.13 this started to make iOS Simulator not render anything with the
following message being outputted:
```
2024-02-19T14:59:34.896266Z ERROR bevy_render::render_resource::pipeline_cache: failed to create shader module: Validation Error
Caused by:
In Device::create_shader_module
Shader validation error:
Type [40] '' is invalid
Capability Capabilities(CUBE_ARRAY_TEXTURES) is required
```
## Solution
- Split up NO_ARRAY_TEXTURES_SUPPORT into both NO_ARRAY_TEXTURES_SUPPORT
and NO_CUBE_ARRAY_TEXTURES_SUPPORT and correctly apply
NO_ARRAY_TEXTURES_SUPPORT for iOS Simulator using the cfg flag
introduced in #10178.
---
## Changelog
### Fixed
- Rendering on iOS Simulator due to missing CUBE_ARRAY_TEXTURES support.
---------
Co-authored-by: Sam Pettersson <sam.pettersson@geoguessr.com>
## Objective
Always have `some_system.into_system().type_id() ==
some_system.into_system_set().system_type().unwrap()`.
System sets have a `fn system_type() -> Option<TypeId>` that is
implemented by `SystemTypeSet` to returning the TypeId of the system's
function type. This was implemented in
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/7715 and is used in
`bevy_mod_debugdump` to handle `.after(function)` constraints.
Back then, `System::type_id` always also returned the type id of the
function item, not of `FunctionSystem<M, F>`.
https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/11728 changes the behaviour of
`System::type_id` so that it returns the id of the
`FunctionSystem`/`ExclusiveFunctionSystem` wrapper, but it did not
change `SystemTypeSet::system_type`, so doing the lookup breaks in
`bevy_mod_debugdump`.
## Solution
Change `IntoSystemSet` for functions to return a
`SystemTypeSet<FunctionSystem>` /
`SystemTypeSet<ExclusiveFunctionSystem>` instead of `SystemTypeSet<F>`.
# Objective
- Globals are supposed to be available in vertex shader but that was
mistakenly removed in 0.13
## Solution
- Configure the visibility of the globals correctly
Fixes https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/12015
# Objective
- Fixes#12001.
- Note this PR doesn't change any feature flags, however flaky the issue
revealed they are.
## Solution
- Use `FromReflect` to convert proxy types to concrete ones in
`ReflectSerialize::get_serializable`.
- Use `get_represented_type_info() -> type_id()` to get the correct type
id to interact with the registry in
`bevy_reflect::serde::ser::get_serializable`.
---
## Changelog
- Registering `ReflectSerialize` now imposes additional `FromReflect`
and `TypePath` bounds.
## Migration Guide
- If `ReflectSerialize` is registered on a type, but `TypePath` or
`FromReflect` implementations are omitted (perhaps by
`#[reflect(type_path = false)` or `#[reflect(from_reflect = false)]`),
the traits must now be implemented.
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Gino Valente <49806985+MrGVSV@users.noreply.github.com>
# Objective
- The file asset source currently creates the `imported_assets/Default`
directory with relative path, which leads to wrongly created directories
when the executable is run with a working directory different from the
project root.
## Solution
- Use the full path instead.
# Objective
If multiple cameras render to the same target with MSAA enabled, only
the first and the last camera output will appear in the final output*.
This is because each camera maintains a separate flag to track the
active main texture. The first camera renders to texture A and all
subsequent cameras first write-back from A and then render into texture
B. Hence, camera 3 onwards will overwrite the work of the previous
camera.
\* This would manifest slightly differently if there were other calls to
post_process_write() in a more complex setup.
The is a functional regression from Bevy 0.12.
## Solution
The flag which tracks the active main texture should be shared between
cameras with the same `NormalizedRenderTarget`. Add the
`Arc<AtomicUsize>` to the existing per-target cache.
# Objective
* Fixes#11932 (performance impact when stepping is disabled)
## Solution
The `Option<FixedBitSet>` argument added to `ScheduleExecutor::run()` in
#8453 caused a measurable performance impact even when stepping is
disabled. This can be seen by the benchmark of running `Schedule:run()`
on an empty schedule in a tight loop
(https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/11932#issuecomment-1950970236).
I was able to get the same performance results as on 0.12.1 by changing
the argument
`ScheduleExecutor::run()` from `Option<FixedBitSet>` to
`Option<&FixedBitSet>`. The down-side of this change is that
`Schedule::run()` now takes about 6% longer (3.7319 ms vs 3.9855ns) when
stepping is enabled
---
## Changelog
* Change `ScheduleExecutor::run()` `_skipped_systems` from
`Option<FixedBitSet>` to `Option<&FixedBitSet>`
* Added a few benchmarks to measure `Schedule::run()` performance with
various executors
# Objective
Fixes#11964.
## Solution
Adds the `serde` feature to `bitflags` for `bevy_render`. This makes
`bevy_render` compile correctly when used alone.
---
## Changelog
- Fixed an issue where depending on `bevy_render` alone would fail to
compile.
# Objective
- Fixes#11960
- The compilation of `bevy_core_pipeline` failed with the `dds` feature
enabled
## Solution
- Enable the `dds` feature of `bevy_render` when enabling it for
`bevy_core_pipeline`
# Objective
Another PR failed CI due to duplicate deps, and I noticed this one in
particular while scanning through the error messages.
I think this was missed in #11082.
## Solution
Bump `encase_derive_impl` dep in `bevy_encase_derive` to same version as
`encase` dep for `bevy_render`.
I spot-checked a few examples, and glanced at the
[changelog](<https://github.com/teoxoy/encase/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#v070-2024-01-02>)
and I don't think there's anything to be concerned about, but I barely
know what this thing does.
# Objective
Fixes#11908
## Solution
- Remove the `naga_oil` dependency from `bevy_pbr`.
- We were doing a little dance to disable `glsl` support on not-wasm, so
incorporate that dance into `bevy_render`'s `Cargo.toml`.
They cause the number of texture bindings to overflow on those
platforms. Ultimately, we shouldn't unconditionally disable them, but
this fixes a crash blocking 0.13.
Closes#11885.
I did this during the prepass, but I neglected to do it during the
shadow map pass, causing a panic when directional lights with shadows
were enabled with lightmapped meshes present. This patch fixes the
issue.
Closes#11898.
# Objective
- Being able to build for WebGPU
```
error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 3 arguments were supplied
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/wgpu-0.19.1/src/backend/webgpu.rs:375:22
|
375 | let mut mapped = web_sys::GpuDepthStencilState::new(
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
376 | map_compare_function(desc.depth_compare),
| ---------------------------------------- unexpected argument of type `GpuCompareFunction`
377 | desc.depth_write_enabled,
| ------------------------ unexpected argument of type `bool`
|
note: associated function defined here
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/web-sys-0.3.68/src/features/gen_GpuDepthStencilState.rs:27:12
|
27 | pub fn new(format: GpuTextureFormat) -> Self {
| ^^^
help: remove the extra arguments
|
376 - map_compare_function(desc.depth_compare),
376 + map_texture_format(desc.format),
|
error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 2 arguments were supplied
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/wgpu-0.19.1/src/backend/webgpu.rs:1693:13
|
1693 | web_sys::GpuVertexState::new(desc.vertex.entry_point, &module.0);
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -------------------------
| |
| unexpected argument of type `&str`
| help: remove the extra argument
|
note: associated function defined here
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/web-sys-0.3.68/src/features/gen_GpuVertexState.rs:27:12
|
27 | pub fn new(module: &GpuShaderModule) -> Self {
| ^^^
error[E0061]: this function takes 2 arguments but 3 arguments were supplied
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/wgpu-0.19.1/src/backend/webgpu.rs:1768:17
|
1768 | web_sys::GpuFragmentState::new(frag.entry_point, &module.0, &targets);
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ---------------- -------- unexpected argument of type `&js_sys::Array`
| |
| expected `&GpuShaderModule`, found `&str`
|
= note: expected reference `&GpuShaderModule`
found reference `&str`
note: associated function defined here
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/web-sys-0.3.68/src/features/gen_GpuFragmentState.rs:27:12
|
27 | pub fn new(module: &GpuShaderModule, targets: &::wasm_bindgen::JsValue) -> Self {
| ^^^
help: remove the extra argument
|
1768 - web_sys::GpuFragmentState::new(frag.entry_point, &module.0, &targets);
1768 + web_sys::GpuFragmentState::new(/* &GpuShaderModule */, &module.0);
|
error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 2 arguments were supplied
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/wgpu-0.19.1/src/backend/webgpu.rs:1793:13
|
1793 | web_sys::GpuProgrammableStage::new(desc.entry_point, &shader_module.0);
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ------------------
| |
| unexpected argument of type `&str`
| help: remove the extra argument
|
note: associated function defined here
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/web-sys-0.3.68/src/features/gen_GpuProgrammableStage.rs:27:12
|
27 | pub fn new(module: &GpuShaderModule) -> Self {
| ^^^
error[E0599]: no method named `write_timestamp` found for struct `GpuCommandEncoder` in the current scope
--> .cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/wgpu-0.19.1/src/backend/webgpu.rs:2505:14
|
2503 | / encoder_data
2504 | | .0
2505 | | .write_timestamp(&query_set_data.0, query_index);
| | -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ method not found in `GpuCommandEncoder`
| |_____________|
|
Some errors have detailed explanations: E0061, E0599.
For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0061`.
```
## Solution
- `web-sys` doesn't follow semver for the WebGPU APIs as they are
unstable. Force using a compatible version
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
