sd/README.md
2018-12-28 11:39:53 +11:00

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# sd - s[earch] & d[isplace]
`sd` is an intuitive find & replace CLI.
## The Pitch
Why use it over any existing tools?
**Painless regular expressions**
`sd` uses regex syntax that you already know from JavaScript and Python. Forget about dealing with quirks of `sed` or `awk` - get productive immediately.
**String-literal mode**
Non-regex find & replace. No more backslashes or remembering which characters are special and need to be escaped.
**Easy to read, easy to write**
Find & replace expressions are split up, which makes them easy to read and write. No more messing with unclosed and escaped slashes.
## Comparison to sed
While sed does a whole lot more, `sd` focuses on doing just one thing and doing it well.
Some cherry-picked examples, where `sd` shines:
- Simpler syntax for replacing all occurrences:
- sd: `sd before after`
- sed: `sed s/before/after/g`
- Replace newlines with commas:
- sd: `sd '\r' ','`
- sed: `sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\r/,/g'`, or use a different tool like `tr`.
- Familiar regex syntax by default:
- sd: `echo "start middle end" | sd 'start (.+) end' '$1'`
- sed: basic REs have an unfamiliar and limited syntax, `-E` for more familiar syntax of extended regular expressions is widely supported but not available on some platforms like Solaris:
- `echo "start middle end" | sed 's/start \(..*\) end/\1/g'`
- `echo "start middle end" | sed -E 's/start (.+) end/\1/g'`
- Extracting stuff out of strings containing slashes:
- sd: `echo "sample with /path/" | sd '.*(/.*/)' '$1'`
- sed: you need to know that the delimiters for `s` can be replaced with other arbitrary characters
- `echo "sample with /path/" | sed -E 's|.*(/.*/)|\1|g'`
- In place modification of files:
- sd: `sd before after -i file.txt`
- sed: you need to be careful to use `-e` or else some platforms will consider the next argument to be a backup suffix
- `sed -i -e 's/before/after/g' file.txt`
## Installation
### Cargo
```sh
cargo install sd
```
### OS Packages
* **Arch linux:** There's an [AUR package for sd](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/sd/).
## Quick Guide
1. **String-literal mode**. By default, expressions are treated as regex. Use `-s` or `--string-mode` to disable regex.
```sh
> echo 'lots((([]))) of special chars' | sd -s '((([])))' ''
lots of special chars
```
2. **Basic regex use** - let's trim some trailing whitespace
```sh
> echo 'lorem ipsum 23 ' | sd '\s+$' ''
lorem ipsum 23
```
3. **Capture groups**
Indexed capture groups:
```sh
> echo 'cargo +nightly watch' | sd '(\w+)\s+\+(\w+)\s+(\w+)' 'cmd: $1, channel: $2, subcmd: $3'
cmd: cargo, channel: nightly, subcmd: watch
```
Named capture groups:
```sh
> echo "123.45" | sd '(?P<dollars>\d+)\.(?P<cents>\d+)' '$dollars dollars and $cents cents'
123 dollars and 45 cents
```
In the unlikely case you stumble upon ambiguities, resolve them by using `${var}` instead of `$var`. Here's an example:
```sh
> echo '123.45' | sd '(?P<dollars>\d+)\.(?P<cents>\d+)' '$dollars_dollars and $cents_cents'
and
> echo '123.45' | sd '(?P<dollars>\d+)\.(?P<cents>\d+)' '${dollars}_dollars and ${cents}_cents'
123_dollars and 45_cents
```
4. **Find & replace in a file**
```sh
> sd 'window.fetch' 'fetch' -i http.js
```
That's it. The file is modified in-place.
To do a dry run, just use stdin/stdout:
```sh
> sd 'window.fetch' 'fetch' < http.js
```
5. **Find & replace across project**
Good ol' unix philosophy to the rescue.
```sh
fd -t f --exec sd 'from "react"' 'from "preact"' -i {}
```
Same, but with backups (consider version control).
```bash
for file in $(fd -t f); do
cp "$file" "$file.bk"
sd 'from "react"' 'from "preact"' -i "$file";
done
```