ratatui/BREAKING-CHANGES.md

Breaking Changes

This document contains a list of breaking changes in each version and some notes to help migrate between versions. It is compiled manually from the commit history and changelog. We also tag PRs on GitHub with a breaking change label.

Summary

This is a quick summary of the sections below:

• Unreleased
  • The From impls for backend types are now replaced with more specific traits
• v0.29.0
  • Sparkline::data takes IntoIterator<Item = SparklineBar> instead of &[u64] and is no longer const
  • Removed public fields from Rect iterators
  • Line now implements From<Cow<str>
  • Table::highlight_style is now Table::row_highlight_style
  • Tabs::select now accepts Into<Option<usize>>
  • Color::from_hsl is now behind the palette feature
• v0.28.0
  • Backend::size returns Size instead of Rect
  • Backend trait migrates to get/set_cursor_position
  • Ratatui now requires Crossterm 0.28.0
  • Axis::labels now accepts IntoIterator<Into<Line>>
  • Layout::init_cache no longer returns bool and takes a NonZeroUsize instead of usize
  • ratatui::terminal module is now private
  • ToText no longer has a lifetime
  • Frame::size is deprecated and renamed to Frame::area
• v0.27.0
  • List no clamps the selected index to list
  • Prelude items added / removed
  • 'termion' updated to 4.0
  • Rect::inner takes Margin directly instead of reference
  • Buffer::filled takes Cell directly instead of reference
  • Stylize::bg() now accepts Into<Color>
  • Removed deprecated List::start_corner
  • LineGauge::gauge_style is deprecated
• v0.26.0
  • Flex::Start is the new default flex mode for Layout
  • patch_style & reset_style now consume and return Self
  • Removed deprecated Block::title_on_bottom
  • Line now has an extra style field which applies the style to the entire line
  • Block style methods cannot be created in a const context
  • Tabs::new() now accepts IntoIterator<Item: Into<Line<'a>>>
  • Table::new now accepts IntoIterator<Item: Into<Row<'a>>>.
• v0.25.0
  • Removed Axis::title_style and Buffer::set_background
  • List::new() now accepts IntoIterator<Item = Into<ListItem<'a>>>
  • Table::new() now requires specifying the widths
  • Table::widths() now accepts IntoIterator<Item = AsRef<Constraint>>
  • Layout::new() now accepts direction and constraint parameters
  • The default Tabs::highlight_style is now Style::new().reversed()
• v0.24.0
  • MSRV is now 1.70.0
  • ScrollbarState: position, content_length, and viewport_content_length are now usize
  • BorderType: line_symbols is now border_symbols and returns symbols::border::set
  • Frame<'a, B: Backend> is now Frame<'a>
  • Stylize shorthands for String now consume the value and return Span<'static>
  • Spans is removed
• v0.23.0
  • Scrollbar: track_symbol now takes Option<&str>
  • Scrollbar: symbols moved to symbols module
  • MSRV is now 1.67.0
• v0.22.0
  • serde representation of Borders and Modifiers has changed
• v0.21.0
  • MSRV is now 1.65.0
  • terminal::ViewPort is now an enum
  • "".as_ref() must be annotated to implement Into<Text<'a>>
  • Marker::Block renders as a block char instead of a bar char
• v0.20.0
  • MSRV is now 1.63.0
  • List no longer ignores empty strings

Unreleased (0.30.0)

WidgetRef no longer has a blanket implementation of Widget

Previously there was a blanket implementation of Widget for WidgetRef. This has been reversed to instead be a blanket implementation of WidgetRef for all &W where W: Widget. Any widgets that previously implemented WidgetRef directly should now instead implement Widget for a reference to the type.

-impl WidgetRef for Foo {
-    fn render_ref(&self, area: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer)
+impl Widget for &Foo {
+    fn render(self, area: Rect, buf: &mut Buffer)
}

The From impls for backend types are now replaced with more specific traits #1464

Crossterm gains ratatui::backend::crossterm::{FromCrossterm, IntoCrossterm} Termwiz gains ratatui::backend::termwiz::{FromTermwiz, IntoTermwiz}

This is necessary in order to avoid the orphan rule when implementing From for crossterm types once the crossterm types are moved to a separate crate.

+ use ratatui::backend::crossterm::{FromCrossterm, IntoCrossterm};

let crossterm_color = crossterm::style::Color::Black;
- let ratatui_color = crossterm_color.into();
- let ratatui_color = ratatui::style::Color::from(crossterm_color);
+ let ratatui_color = ratatui::style::Color::from_crossterm(crossterm_color);
- let crossterm_color = ratatui_color.into();
- let crossterm_color = crossterm::style::Color::from(ratatui_color);
+ let crossterm_color = ratatui_color.into_crossterm();

let crossterm_attribute = crossterm::style::types::Attribute::Bold;
- let ratatui_modifier = crossterm_attribute.into();
- let ratatui_modifier = ratatui::style::Modifier::from(crossterm_attribute);
+ let ratatui_modifier = ratatui::style::Modifier::from_crossterm(crossterm_attribute);
- let crossterm_attribute = ratatui_modifier.into();
- let crossterm_attribute = crossterm::style::types::Attribute::from(ratatui_modifier);
+ let crossterm_attribute = ratatui_modifier.into_crossterm();

Similar conversions for ContentStyle -> Style and Attributes -> Modifier exist for Crossterm and the various Termion and Termwiz types as well.

v0.29.0

Sparkline::data takes IntoIterator<Item = SparklineBar> instead of &[u64] and is no longer const (#1326)

The Sparkline::data method has been modified to accept IntoIterator<Item = SparklineBar> instead of &[u64].

SparklineBar is a struct that contains an Option<u64> value, which represents an possible absent value, as distinct from a 0 value. This change allows the Sparkline to style data points differently, depending on whether they are present or absent.

SparklineBar also contains an Option<Style> that will be used to apply a style the bar in addition to any other styling applied to the Sparkline.

Several From implementations have been added to SparklineBar to support existing callers who provide &[u64] and other types that can be converted to SparklineBar, such as Option<u64>.

If you encounter any type inference issues, you may need to provide an explicit type for the data passed to Sparkline::data. For example, if you are passing a single value, you may need to use into() to convert it to form that can be used as a SparklineBar:

let value = 1u8;
- Sparkline::default().data(&[value.into()]);
+ Sparkline::default().data(&[u64::from(value)]);

As a consequence of this change, the data method is no longer a const fn.

Color::from_hsl is now behind the palette feature and accepts palette::Hsl (#1418)

Previously Color::from_hsl accepted components as individual f64 parameters. It now accepts a single palette::Hsl value and is gated behind a palette feature flag.

- Color::from_hsl(360.0, 100.0, 100.0)
+ Color::from_hsl(Hsl::new(360.0, 100.0, 100.0))

Removed public fields from Rect iterators (#1358, #1424)

The pub modifier has been removed from fields on the Columns,Rows, and Positions iterators. These fields were not intended to be public and should not have been accessed directly.

Rect::area() now returns u32 instead of u16 (#1378)

This is likely to impact anything which relies on Rect::area maxing out at u16::MAX. It can now return up to u16::MAX * u16::MAX (2^32 - 2^17 + 1).

Line now implements From<Cow<str> (#1373)

As this adds an extra conversion, ambiguous inferred expressions may no longer compile.

// given:
struct Foo { ... }
impl From<Foo> for String { ... }
impl From<Foo> for Cow<str> { ... }

let foo = Foo { ... };
let line = Line::from(foo); // now fails due to now ambiguous inferred type
// replace with e.g.
let line = Line::from(String::from(foo));

Tabs::select() now accepts Into<Option<usize>> (#1413)

Previously Tabs::select() accepted usize, but it now accepts Into<Option<usize>>. This breaks any code already using parameter type inference:

let selected = 1u8;
- let tabs = Tabs::new(["A", "B"]).select(selected.into())
+ let tabs = Tabs::new(["A", "B"]).select(selected as usize)

Table::highlight_style is now Table::row_highlight_style (#1331)

The Table::highlight_style is now deprecated in favor of Table::row_highlight_style.

Also, the serialized output of the TableState will now include the "selected_column" field. Software that manually parse the serialized the output (with anything other than the Serialize implementation on TableState) may have to be refactored if the "selected_column" field is not accounted for. This does not affect users who rely on the Deserialize, or Serialize implementation on the state.

v0.28.0

Backend::size returns Size instead of Rect (#1254)

The Backend::size method returns a Size instead of a Rect. There is no need for the position here as it was always 0,0.

Backend trait migrates to get/set_cursor_position (#1284)

If you just use the types implementing the Backend trait, you will see deprecation hints but nothing is a breaking change for you.

If you implement the Backend trait yourself, you need to update the implementation and add the get/set_cursor_position method. You can remove the get/set_cursor methods as they are deprecated and a default implementation for them exists.

Ratatui now requires Crossterm 0.28.0 (#1278)

Crossterm is updated to version 0.28.0, which is a semver incompatible version with the previous version (0.27.0). Ratatui re-exports the version of crossterm that it is compatible with under ratatui::crossterm, which can be used to avoid incompatible versions in your dependency list.

Axis::labels() now accepts IntoIterator<Into<Line>> (#1273 and #1283)

Previously Axis::labels accepted Vec<Span>. Any code that uses conversion methods that infer the type will need to be rewritten as the compiler cannot infer the correct type.

- Axis::default().labels(vec!["a".into(), "b".into()])
+ Axis::default().labels(["a", "b"])

Layout::init_cache no longer returns bool and takes a NonZeroUsize instead of usize (#1245)

- let is_initialized = Layout::init_cache(100);
+ Layout::init_cache(NonZeroUsize::new(100).unwrap());

ratatui::terminal module is now private (#1160)

The terminal module is now private and can not be used directly. The types under this module are exported from the root of the crate. This reduces clashes with other modules in the backends that are also named terminal, and confusion about module exports for newer Rust users.

- use ratatui::terminal::{CompletedFrame, Frame, Terminal, TerminalOptions, ViewPort};
+ use ratatui::{CompletedFrame, Frame, Terminal, TerminalOptions, ViewPort};

ToText no longer has a lifetime (#1234)

This change simplifies the trait and makes it easier to implement.

Frame::size is deprecated and renamed to Frame::area (#1293)

Frame::size is renamed to Frame::area as it's the more correct name.

v0.27.0

List no clamps the selected index to list ([#1159])

The List widget now clamps the selected index to the bounds of the list when navigating with first, last, previous, and next, as well as when setting the index directly with select.

Previously selecting an index past the end of the list would show treat the list as having a selection which was not visible. Now the last item in the list will be selected instead.

Prelude items added / removed (#1149)

The following items have been removed from the prelude:

• style::Styled - this trait is useful for widgets that want to support the Stylize trait, but it adds complexity as widgets have two style methods and a set_style method.
• symbols::Marker - this item is used by code that needs to draw to the Canvas widget, but it's not a common item that would be used by most users of the library.
• terminal::{CompletedFrame, TerminalOptions, Viewport} - these items are rarely used by code that needs to interact with the terminal, and they're generally only ever used once in any app.

The following items have been added to the prelude:

• layout::{Position, Size} - these items are used by code that needs to interact with the layout system. These are newer items that were added in the last few releases, which should be used more liberally. This may cause conflicts for types defined elsewhere with a similar name.

To update your app:

// if your app uses Styled::style() or Styled::set_style():
-use ratatui::prelude::*;
+use ratatui::{prelude::*, style::Styled};

// if your app uses symbols::Marker:
-use ratatui::prelude::*;
+use ratatui::{prelude::*, symbols::Marker}

// if your app uses terminal::{CompletedFrame, TerminalOptions, Viewport}
-use ratatui::prelude::*;
+use ratatui::{prelude::*, terminal::{CompletedFrame, TerminalOptions, Viewport}};

// to disambiguate existing types named Position or Size:
- use some_crate::{Position, Size};
- let size: Size = ...;
- let position: Position = ...;
+ let size: some_crate::Size = ...;
+ let position: some_crate::Position = ...;

Termion is updated to 4.0 #1106

Changelog: https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/termion/-/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md

A change is only necessary if you were matching on all variants of the MouseEvent enum without a wildcard. In this case, you need to either handle the two new variants, MouseLeft and MouseRight, or add a wildcard.

Rect::inner takes Margin directly instead of reference (#1008)

Margin needs to be passed without reference now.

-let area = area.inner(&Margin {
+let area = area.inner(Margin {
     vertical: 0,
     horizontal: 2,
 });

Buffer::filled takes Cell directly instead of reference (#1148)

Buffer::filled moves the Cell instead of taking a reference.

-Buffer::filled(area, &Cell::new("X"));
+Buffer::filled(area, Cell::new("X"));

Stylize::bg() now accepts Into<Color> (#1103)

Previously, Stylize::bg() accepted Color but now accepts Into<Color>. This allows more flexible types from calling scopes, though it can break some type inference in the calling scope.

Remove deprecated List::start_corner and layout::Corner (#759)

List::start_corner was deprecated in v0.25. Use List::direction and ListDirection instead.

- list.start_corner(Corner::TopLeft);
- list.start_corner(Corner::TopRight);
// This is not an error, BottomRight rendered top to bottom previously
- list.start_corner(Corner::BottomRight);
// all becomes
+ list.direction(ListDirection::TopToBottom);

- list.start_corner(Corner::BottomLeft);
// becomes
+ list.direction(ListDirection::BottomToTop);

layout::Corner was removed entirely.

LineGauge::gauge_style is deprecated (#565)

LineGauge::gauge_style is deprecated and replaced with LineGauge::filled_style and LineGauge::unfilled_style:

let gauge = LineGauge::default()
- .gauge_style(Style::default().fg(Color::Red).bg(Color::Blue)
+ .filled_style(Style::default().fg(Color::Green))
+ .unfilled_style(Style::default().fg(Color::White));

v0.26.0

Flex::Start is the new default flex mode for Layout (#881)

Previously, constraints would stretch to fill all available space, violating constraints if necessary.

With v0.26.0, Flex modes are introduced, and the default is Flex::Start, which will align areas associated with constraints to be beginning of the area. With v0.26.0, additionally, Min constraints grow to fill excess space. These changes will allow users to build layouts more easily.

With v0.26.0, users will most likely not need to change what constraints they use to create existing layouts with Flex::Start. However, to get old behavior, use Flex::Legacy.

- let rects = Layout::horizontal([Length(1), Length(2)]).split(area);
// becomes
+ let rects = Layout::horizontal([Length(1), Length(2)]).flex(Flex::Legacy).split(area);

Table::new() now accepts IntoIterator<Item: Into<Row<'a>>> (#774)

Previously, Table::new() accepted IntoIterator<Item=Row<'a>>. The argument change to IntoIterator<Item: Into<Row<'a>>>, This allows more flexible types from calling scopes, though it can some break type inference in the calling scope for empty containers.

This can be resolved either by providing an explicit type (e.g. Vec::<Row>::new()), or by using Table::default().

- let table = Table::new(vec![], widths);
// becomes
+ let table = Table::default().widths(widths);

Tabs::new() now accepts IntoIterator<Item: Into<Line<'a>>> (#776)

Previously, Tabs::new() accepted Vec<T> where T: Into<Line<'a>>. This allows more flexible types from calling scopes, though it can break some type inference in the calling scope.

This typically occurs when collecting an iterator prior to calling Tabs::new, and can be resolved by removing the call to .collect().

- let tabs = Tabs::new((0.3).map(|i| format!("{i}")).collect());
// becomes
+ let tabs = Tabs::new((0.3).map(|i| format!("{i}")));

Table::default() now sets segment_size to None and column_spacing to (#751)

The default() implementation of Table now sets the column_spacing field to 1 and the segment_size field to SegmentSize::None. This will affect the rendering of a small amount of apps.

To use the previous default values, call table.segment_size(Default::default()) and table.column_spacing(0).

patch_style & reset_style now consumes and returns Self (#754)

Previously, patch_style and reset_style in Text, Line and Span were using a mutable reference to Self. To be more consistent with the rest of ratatui, which is using fluent setters, these now take ownership of Self and return it.

The following example shows how to migrate for Line, but the same applies for Text and Span.

- let mut line = Line::from("foobar");
- line.patch_style(style);
// becomes
+ let line = Line::new("foobar").patch_style(style);

Remove deprecated Block::title_on_bottom ([#757])

Block::title_on_bottom was deprecated in v0.22. Use Block::title and Title::position instead.

- block.title("foobar").title_on_bottom();
+ block.title(Title::from("foobar").position(Position::Bottom));

Block style methods cannot be used in a const context (#720)

Previously the style(), border_style() and title_style() methods could be used to create a Block in a constant context. These now accept Into<Style> instead of Style. These methods no longer can be called from a constant context.

Line now has a style field that applies to the entire line (#708)

Previously the style of a Line was stored in the Spans that make up the line. Now the Line itself has a style field, which can be set with the Line::styled method. Any code that creates Lines using the struct initializer instead of constructors will fail to compile due to the added field. This can be easily fixed by adding ..Default::default() to the field list or by using a constructor method (Line::styled(), Line::raw()) or conversion method (Line::from()).

Each Span contained within the line will no longer have the style that is applied to the line in the Span::style field.

  let line = Line {
      spans: vec!["".into()],
      alignment: Alignment::Left,
+     ..Default::default()
  };

  // or

  let line = Line::raw(vec!["".into()])
      .alignment(Alignment::Left);

v0.25.0

Removed Axis::title_style and Buffer::set_background (#691)

These items were deprecated since 0.10.

• You should use styling capabilities of text::Line given as argument of Axis::title instead of Axis::title_style
• You should use styling capabilities of Buffer::set_style instead of Buffer::set_background

List::new() now accepts IntoIterator<Item = Into<ListItem<'a>>> (#672)

Previously List::new() took Into<Vec<ListItem<'a>>>. This change will throw a compilation error for IntoIterators with an indeterminate item (e.g. empty vecs).

E.g.

- let list = List::new(vec![]);
// becomes
+ let list = List::default();

The default Tabs::highlight_style is now Style::new().reversed() (#635)

Previously the default highlight style for tabs was Style::default(), which meant that a Tabs widget in the default configuration would not show any indication of the selected tab.

The default Tabs::highlight_style is now Style::new().reversed() (#635)

Previously the default highlight style for tabs was Style::default(), which meant that a Tabs widget in the default configuration would not show any indication of the selected tab.

Table::new() now requires specifying the widths of the columns (#664)

Previously Tables could be constructed without widths. In almost all cases this is an error. A new widths parameter is now mandatory on Table::new(). Existing code of the form:

- Table::new(rows).widths(widths)

Should be updated to:

+ Table::new(rows, widths)

For ease of automated replacement in cases where the amount of code broken by this change is large or complex, it may be convenient to replace Table::new with Table::default().rows.

- Table::new(rows).block(block).widths(widths);
// becomes
+ Table::default().rows(rows).widths(widths)

Table::widths() now accepts IntoIterator<Item = AsRef<Constraint>> (#663)

Previously Table::widths() took a slice (&'a [Constraint]). This change will introduce clippy needless_borrow warnings for places where slices are passed to this method. To fix these, remove the &.

E.g.

- let table = Table::new(rows).widths(&[Constraint::Length(1)]);
// becomes
+ let table = Table::new(rows, [Constraint::Length(1)]);

Layout::new() now accepts direction and constraint parameters (#557)

Previously layout new took no parameters. Existing code should either use Layout::default() or the new constructor.

let layout = layout::new()
  .direction(Direction::Vertical)
  .constraints([Constraint::Min(1), Constraint::Max(2)]);
// becomes either
let layout = layout::default()
  .direction(Direction::Vertical)
  .constraints([Constraint::Min(1), Constraint::Max(2)]);
// or
let layout = layout::new(Direction::Vertical, [Constraint::Min(1), Constraint::Max(2)]);

v0.24.0

ScrollbarState field type changed from u16 to usize (#456)

In order to support larger content lengths, the position, content_length and viewport_content_length methods on ScrollbarState now take usize instead of u16

BorderType::line_symbols renamed to border_symbols (#529)

Applications can now set custom borders on a Block by calling border_set(). The BorderType::line_symbols() is renamed to border_symbols() and now returns a new struct symbols::border::Set. E.g.:

- let line_set: symbols::line::Set = BorderType::line_symbols(BorderType::Plain);
// becomes
+ let border_set: symbols::border::Set = BorderType::border_symbols(BorderType::Plain);

Generic Backend parameter removed from Frame (#530)

Frame is no longer generic over Backend. Code that accepted Frame<Backend> will now need to accept Frame. To migrate existing code, remove any generic parameters from code that uses an instance of a Frame. E.g.:

- fn ui<B: Backend>(frame: &mut Frame<B>) { ... }
// becomes
+ fn ui(frame: Frame) { ... }

Stylize shorthands now consume rather than borrow String (#466)

In order to support using Stylize shorthands (e.g. "foo".red()) on temporary String values, a new implementation of Stylize was added that returns a Span<'static>. This causes the value to be consumed rather than borrowed. Existing code that expects to use the string after a call will no longer compile. E.g.

- let s = String::new("foo");
- let span1 = s.red();
- let span2 = s.blue(); // will no longer compile as s is consumed by the previous line
// becomes
+ let span1 = s.clone().red();
+ let span2 = s.blue();

Deprecated Spans type removed (replaced with Line) (#426)

Spans was replaced with Line in 0.21.0. Buffer::set_spans was replaced with Buffer::set_line.

- let spans = Spans::from(some_string_str_span_or_vec_span);
- buffer.set_spans(0, 0, spans, 10);
// becomes
+ let line - Line::from(some_string_str_span_or_vec_span);
+ buffer.set_line(0, 0, line, 10);

v0.23.0

Scrollbar::track_symbol() now takes an Option<&str> instead of &str (#360)

The track symbol of Scrollbar is now optional, this method now takes an optional value.

- let scrollbar = Scrollbar::default().track_symbol("|");
// becomes
+ let scrollbar = Scrollbar::default().track_symbol(Some("|"));

Scrollbar symbols moved to symbols::scrollbar and widgets::scrollbar module is private (#330)

The symbols for defining scrollbars have been moved to the symbols module from the widgets::scrollbar module which is no longer public. To update your code update any imports to the new module locations. E.g.:

- use ratatui::{widgets::scrollbar::{Scrollbar, Set}};
// becomes
+ use ratatui::{widgets::Scrollbar, symbols::scrollbar::Set}

MSRV updated to 1.67 (#361)

The MSRV of ratatui is now 1.67 due to an MSRV update in a dependency (time).

v0.22.0

bitflags updated to 2.3 (#205)

The serde representation of bitflags has changed. Any existing serialized types that have Borders or Modifiers will need to be re-serialized. This is documented in the bitflags changelog..

v0.21.0

MSRV is 1.65.0 (#171)

The minimum supported rust version is now 1.65.0.

Terminal::with_options() stabilized to allow configuring the viewport (#114)

In order to support inline viewports, the unstable method Terminal::with_options() was stabilized and ViewPort was changed from a struct to an enum.

let terminal = Terminal::with_options(backend, TerminalOptions {
-    viewport: Viewport::fixed(area),
});
// becomes
let terminal = Terminal::with_options(backend, TerminalOptions {
+    viewport: Viewport::Fixed(area),
});

Code that binds Into<Text<'a>> now requires type annotations (#168)

A new type Masked was introduced that implements From<Text<'a>>. This causes any code that previously did not need to use type annotations to fail to compile. To fix this, annotate or call to_string() / to_owned() / as_str() on the value. E.g.:

- let paragraph = Paragraph::new("".as_ref());
// becomes
+ let paragraph = Paragraph::new("".as_str());

Marker::Block now renders as a block rather than a bar character (#133)

Code using the Block marker that previously rendered using a half block character ('▀'``) now renders using the full block character ('█'). A new marker variantBar` is introduced to replace the existing code.

- let canvas = Canvas::default().marker(Marker::Block);
// becomes
+ let canvas = Canvas::default().marker(Marker::Bar);

v0.20.0

v0.20.0 was the first release of Ratatui - versions prior to this were release as tui-rs. See the Changelog for more details.

MSRV is update to 1.63.0 (#80)

The minimum supported rust version is 1.63.0

List no longer ignores empty string in items (#42)

The following code now renders 3 items instead of 2. Code which relies on the previous behavior will need to manually filter empty items prior to display.

let items = vec![
    ListItem::new("line one"),
    ListItem::new(""),
    ListItem::new("line four"),
];