mirror of
https://github.com/ryan4yin/nixos-and-flakes-book
synced 2024-12-24 19:33:05 +00:00
139 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
139 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
# 通过 `nix repl` 查看源码、调试配置
|
||
|
||
前面我们已经使用 `nix repl '<nixpkgs>'` 看过很多次源码了，这是一个非常强大的工具，可以帮助我们理解 Nix 的工作原理。
|
||
|
||
要学会用 `nix repl`，最好先看看它的 help 信息：
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
› nix repl -f '<nixpkgs>'
|
||
Welcome to Nix 2.13.3. Type :? for help.
|
||
|
||
Loading installable ''...
|
||
Added 17755 variables.
|
||
nix-repl> :?
|
||
The following commands are available:
|
||
|
||
<expr> Evaluate and print expression
|
||
<x> = <expr> Bind expression to variable
|
||
:a <expr> Add attributes from resulting set to scope
|
||
:b <expr> Build a derivation
|
||
:bl <expr> Build a derivation, creating GC roots in the working directory
|
||
:e <expr> Open package or function in $EDITOR
|
||
:i <expr> Build derivation, then install result into current profile
|
||
:l <path> Load Nix expression and add it to scope
|
||
:lf <ref> Load Nix flake and add it to scope
|
||
:p <expr> Evaluate and print expression recursively
|
||
:q Exit nix-repl
|
||
:r Reload all files
|
||
:sh <expr> Build dependencies of derivation, then start nix-shell
|
||
:t <expr> Describe result of evaluation
|
||
:u <expr> Build derivation, then start nix-shell
|
||
:doc <expr> Show documentation of a builtin function
|
||
:log <expr> Show logs for a derivation
|
||
:te [bool] Enable, disable or toggle showing traces for errors
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
我最常用的命令是 `:lf <ref>` 跟 `:e <expr>`.
|
||
|
||
`:e <expr>` 非常直观，所以这里不再赘述，我们来看看 `:lf <ref>`：
|
||
|
||
```nix
|
||
# 进入我的 nix 配置目录（建议替换成你自己的配置目录）
|
||
› cd ~/nix-config/
|
||
|
||
# 进入 nix repl 解释器
|
||
› nix repl
|
||
Welcome to Nix 2.13.3. Type :? for help.
|
||
|
||
# 将我的 nix 配置作为一个 flake 加载到当前作用域中
|
||
nix-repl> :lf .
|
||
Added 16 variables.
|
||
|
||
# 按 <TAB> 看看当前作用域中有哪些变量，果然 nixosConfigurations inputs outputs 跟 packages 都在里面
|
||
# 这意味着我们可以很方便地检查这些配置的内部状态
|
||
nix-repl><TAB>
|
||
# ......omit some outputs
|
||
__isInt nixosConfigurations
|
||
__isList null
|
||
__isPath outPath
|
||
__isString outputs
|
||
__langVersion packages
|
||
# ......omit some outputs
|
||
|
||
# 看看 inputs 里都有些啥
|
||
nix-repl> inputs.<TAB>
|
||
inputs.agenix inputs.nixpkgs
|
||
inputs.darwin inputs.nixpkgs-darwin
|
||
inputs.home-manager inputs.nixpkgs-unstable
|
||
inputs.hyprland inputs.nixpkgs-wayland
|
||
inputs.nil
|
||
inputs.nixos-generators
|
||
|
||
# 看看 inputs.nil.packages 里都有些啥
|
||
nix-repl> inputs.nil.packages.
|
||
inputs.nil.packages.aarch64-darwin
|
||
inputs.nil.packages.aarch64-linux
|
||
inputs.nil.packages.x86_64-darwin
|
||
inputs.nil.packages.x86_64-linux
|
||
|
||
# 看看 outputs 里都有些啥
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.<TAB>
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.aquamarine
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.kana
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ruby
|
||
|
||
# 看看 ai 的配置都有些啥
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.<TAB>
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai._module
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai._type
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.class
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.extendModules
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.extraArgs
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.options
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.pkgs
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.type
|
||
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.age
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.appstream
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.assertions
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.boot
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.console
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.containers
|
||
# ......omit other outputs
|
||
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.<TAB>
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.activation
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.activationPackage
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.emptyActivationPath
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.enableDebugInfo
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file
|
||
# ......omit other outputs
|
||
|
||
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.sessionVariables.<TAB>
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.sessionVariables.BROWSER
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.sessionVariables.DELTA_PAGER
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.sessionVariables.EDITOR
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.sessionVariables.TERM
|
||
# ......omit other outputs
|
||
|
||
# 看看 `TERM` 这个环境变量的值是啥
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.sessionVariables.TERM
|
||
"xterm-256color"
|
||
|
||
|
||
# 看下我使用 `home.file` 定义的所有文件
|
||
nix-repl> outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file.<TAB>
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file..bash_profile
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file..bashrc
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file..config/fcitx5/profile
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file..config/fcitx5/profile-bak
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file..config/i3/config
|
||
outputs.nixosConfigurations.ai.config.home-manager.users.ryan.home.file..config/i3/i3blocks.conf
|
||
#......
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
能看到，通过 `nix repl` 加载好我的 flake 配置后，就能很方便地检查所有的配置项了，这对于调试非常有用。
|