mirror of
https://github.com/inspec/inspec
synced 2024-12-18 09:03:12 +00:00
161 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
161 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
title: InSpec Universal Matchers Reference
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# InSpec Universal Matchers Reference
|
|
|
|
InSpec uses matchers to help compare resource values to expectations.
|
|
The following matchers are available:
|
|
|
|
You may also use any matcher provided by [RSpec::Expectations](https://relishapp.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/docs), but those matchers are outside of InSpec's [scope of support](https://www.inspec.io/docs/reference/inspec_and_friends/#rspec).
|
|
|
|
The following InSpec-supported universal matchers are available:
|
|
|
|
* [`be`](#be) - make numeric comparisons
|
|
* [`be_in`](#be_in) - look for the property value in a list
|
|
* [`cmp`](#cmp) - general-use equality (try this first)
|
|
* [`eq`](#eq) - type-specific equality
|
|
* [`include`](#include) - look for an expected value in a list-valued property
|
|
* [`match`](#match) - look for patterns in text using regular expressions
|
|
|
|
See [Explore InSpec resources](https://learn.chef.io/modules/explore-inspec-resources#/) on Learn Chef Rally to learn more about InSpec's built-in matchers.
|
|
|
|
## be
|
|
|
|
This matcher can be followed by many different comparison operators.
|
|
Always make sure to use numbers, not strings, for these comparisons.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe file('/proc/cpuinfo') do
|
|
its('size') { should be >= 10 }
|
|
its('size') { should be < 1000 }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## cmp
|
|
|
|
Unlike `eq`, `cmp` is a matcher for less-restrictive comparisons. It will
|
|
try to fit the actual value to the type you are comparing it to. This is
|
|
meant to relieve the user from having to write type-casts and
|
|
resolutions.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe sshd_config do
|
|
its('Protocol') { should cmp 2 }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
describe passwd.uid(0) do
|
|
its('users') { should cmp 'root' }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
`cmp` behaves in the following way:
|
|
|
|
* Compare strings to numbers
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe sshd_config do
|
|
its('Protocol') { should eq '2' }
|
|
|
|
its('Protocol') { should cmp '2' }
|
|
its('Protocol') { should cmp 2 }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
* String comparisons are not case-sensitive
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe auditd_conf do
|
|
its('log_format') { should cmp 'raw' }
|
|
its('log_format') { should cmp 'RAW' }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
* Recognize versions embedded in strings
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe package(curl) do
|
|
its('version') { should cmp > '7.35.0-1ubuntu2.10' }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
* Compare arrays with only one entry to a value
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe passwd.uids(0) do
|
|
its('users') { should cmp 'root' }
|
|
its('users') { should cmp ['root'] }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
* Single-value arrays of strings may also be compared to a regex
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe auditd_conf do
|
|
its('log_format') { should cmp /raw/i }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
* Improved printing of octal comparisons
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe file('/proc/cpuinfo') do
|
|
its('mode') { should cmp '0345' }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
expected: 0345
|
|
got: 0444
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## eq
|
|
|
|
Test for exact equality of two values.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe sshd_config do
|
|
its('RSAAuthentication') { should_not eq 'no' }
|
|
its('Protocol') { should eq '2' }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
`eq` fails if types don't match. Please keep this in mind, when comparing
|
|
configuration entries that are numbers:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
its('Port') { should eq '22' } # ok
|
|
|
|
its('Port') { should eq 22 }
|
|
# fails: '2' != 2 (string vs int)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
For less restrictive comparisons, please use `cmp`.
|
|
|
|
## include
|
|
|
|
Verifies if a value is included in a list.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe passwd do
|
|
its('users') { should include 'my_user' }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## be_in
|
|
|
|
Verifies that an item is included in a list.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe resource do
|
|
its('item') { should be_in LIST }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## match
|
|
|
|
Check if a string matches a regular expression.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
describe sshd_config do
|
|
its('Ciphers') { should_not match /cbc/ }
|
|
end
|
|
```
|