hactool/README.md

hactool

hactool is a tool to view information about, decrypt, and extract common file formats for the Nintendo Switch, especially Nintendo Content Archives.

It is heavily inspired by ctrtool.

Usage

Usage: hactool [options...] <file>
Options:
-i, --info        Show file info.
                      This is the default action.
-x, --extract     Extract data from file.
                      This is also the default action.
  -r, --raw          Keep raw data, don't unpack.
  -y, --verify       Verify hashes and signatures.
  -d, --dev          Decrypt with development keys instead of retail.
  -k, --keyset       Load keys from an external file.
  -t, --intype=type  Specify input file type [nca, xci, pfs0, romfs, hfs0, npdm, pk11, pk21, ini1, kip1, nax0, keygen]
  --titlekey=key     Set title key for Rights ID crypto titles.
  --contentkey=key   Set raw key for NCA body decryption.
NCA options:
  --plaintext=file   Specify file path for saving a decrypted copy of the NCA.
  --header=file      Specify Header file path.
  --section0=file    Specify Section 0 file path.
  --section1=file    Specify Section 1 file path.
  --section2=file    Specify Section 2 file path.
  --section3=file    Specify Section 3 file path.
  --section0dir=dir  Specify Section 0 directory path.
  --section1dir=dir  Specify Section 1 directory path.
  --section2dir=dir  Specify Section 2 directory path.
  --section3dir=dir  Specify Section 3 directory path.
  --exefs=file       Specify ExeFS file path. Overrides appropriate section file path.
  --exefsdir=dir     Specify ExeFS directory path. Overrides appropriate section directory path.
  --romfs=file       Specify RomFS file path. Overrides appropriate section file path.
  --romfsdir=dir     Specify RomFS directory path. Overrides appropriate section directory path.
  --listromfs        List files in RomFS.
  --baseromfs        Set Base RomFS to use with update partitions.
  --basenca          Set Base NCA to use with update partitions.
  --basefake         Use a fake Base RomFS with update partitions (all reads will return 0xCC).
  --onlyupdated      Ignore non-updated files in update partitions.
NPDM options:
  --json=file        Specify file path for saving JSON representation of program permissions to.
KIP1 options:
  --json=file        Specify file path for saving JSON representation of program permissions to.
  --uncompressed=f   Specify file path for saving uncompressed KIP1.
NSO0 options:
  --uncompressed=f   Specify file path for saving uncompressed NSO0.
PFS0 options:
  --pfs0dir=dir      Specify PFS0 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify PFS0 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --exefsdir=dir     Specify PFS0 directory path. Overrides previous paths, if present for ExeFS PFS0.
RomFS options:
  --romfsdir=dir     Specify RomFS directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify RomFS directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --listromfs        List files in RomFS.
HFS0 options:
  --hfs0dir=dir      Specify HFS0 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify HFS0 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --exefsdir=dir     Specify HFS0 directory path. Overrides previous paths, if present.
XCI options:
  --rootdir=dir      Specify XCI root HFS0 directory path.
  --updatedir=dir    Specify XCI update HFS0 directory path.
  --normaldir=dir    Specify XCI normal HFS0 directory path.
  --securedir=dir    Specify XCI secure HFS0 directory path.
  --logodir=dir      Specify XCI logo HFS0 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify XCI directory path. Overrides previous paths, if present.
Package1 options:
  --package1dir=dir  Specify Package1 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify Package1 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
Package2 options:
  --package2dir=dir  Specify Package2 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify Package2 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --extractini1      Enable INI1 extraction to default directory (redundant with --ini1dir set).
  --ini1dir=dir      Specify INI1 directory path. Overrides default path, if present.
INI1 options:
  --ini1dir=dir      Specify INI1 directory path.
  --outdir=dir       Specify INI1 directory path. Overrides previous path, if present.
  --saveini1json     Enable generation of JSON descriptors for all INI1 members.
NAX0 options:
  --sdseed=seed      Set console unique seed for SD card NAX0 encryption.
  --sdpath=path      Set relative path for NAX0 key derivation (ex: /registered/000000FF/cafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabe.nca).
Key Derivation options:
  --sbk=key          Set console unique Secure Boot Key for key derivation.
  --tseckey=key      Set console unique TSEC Key for key derivation.```

## Building

Copy `config.mk.template` to `config.mk`, make changes as required, and then run `make`.
If your `make` is not GNU make (e.g. on BSD variants), you need to call `gmake` instead.

If on Windows, I recommend using MinGW.

## External Keys

External keys can be provided by the -k/--keyset argument to the a keyset filename.
Keyset files are text files containing one key per line, in the form "key_name = HEXADECIMALKEY".
Case shouldn't matter, nor should whitespace.

In addition, if -k/--keyset is not set, hactool will check for the presence of a keyset file
in $HOME/.switch/prod.keys (or $HOME/.switch/dev.keys if -d/--dev is set). If present, this file
will automatically be loaded.

## Licensing

This software is licensed under the terms of the ISC License.  
You can find a copy of the license in the LICENSE file.