mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
synced 2024-12-18 09:03:30 +00:00
241 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
241 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
# AVD - Android Virtual Device
|
|
|
|
Thank you very much to [**@offsecjay**](https://twitter.com/offsecjay) for his help while creating this content.
|
|
|
|
## What is
|
|
|
|
Android Studio allows to **run virtual machines of Android that you can use to test APKs**. In order to use them you will need:
|
|
|
|
* The **Android SDK tools** - [Download here](https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/sdk-tools).
|
|
* Or **Android Studio** (with Android SDK tools) - [Download here](https://developer.android.com/studio).
|
|
|
|
In Windows (in my case) **after installing Android Studio** I had the **SDK Tools installed in**: `C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools`
|
|
|
|
## JDK
|
|
|
|
For MacOS machines I recommend you to install the following version to be able to use the CLI commands mentioned in the following sections:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
brew install openjdk@8
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## GUI
|
|
|
|
### Prepare Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
If you installed Android Studio, you can just open the main project view and access: _**Tools**_ --> _**AVD Manager.**_ 
|
|
|
|
.png>)
|
|
|
|
Then, click on _**Create Virtual Device**_, _**select** the phone you want to use_ and click on _**Next.**_\
|
|
_****_In the current view you are going to be able to **select and download the Android image** that the phone is going to run:
|
|
|
|
.png>)
|
|
|
|
So, select it and click on _**Download**_** (**now wait until the image is downloaded).\
|
|
Once the image is downloaded, just select _**Next**_ and _**Finish**_.
|
|
|
|
.png>)
|
|
|
|
The virtual machine will be created. Now **every time that you access AVD manager it will be present**.
|
|
|
|
### Run Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
In order to **run** it just press the _**Start button**_.
|
|
|
|
.png>)
|
|
|
|
## Command Line tool
|
|
|
|
### Prepare Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
{% hint style="info" %}
|
|
In **MacOS** systems the executable is located in `/Users/<username>/Library/Android/sdk/tools/bin`
|
|
{% endhint %}
|
|
|
|
First of all you need to **decide which phone you want to use**, in order to see the list of possible phones execute:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat list device
|
|
|
|
id: 0 or "tv_1080p"
|
|
Name: Android TV (1080p)
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
Tag : android-tv
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 1 or "tv_720p"
|
|
Name: Android TV (720p)
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
Tag : android-tv
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 2 or "wear_round"
|
|
Name: Android Wear Round
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
Tag : android-wear
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 3 or "wear_round_chin_320_290"
|
|
Name: Android Wear Round Chin
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
Tag : android-wear
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 4 or "wear_square"
|
|
Name: Android Wear Square
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
Tag : android-wear
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 5 or "Galaxy Nexus"
|
|
Name: Galaxy Nexus
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 6 or "Nexus 10"
|
|
Name: Nexus 10
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 7 or "Nexus 4"
|
|
Name: Nexus 4
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 8 or "Nexus 5"
|
|
Name: Nexus 5
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
---------
|
|
id: 9 or "Nexus 5X"
|
|
Name: Nexus 5X
|
|
OEM : Google
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Once you have decide the name of the device you want to use, you need to **decide which Android image you want to run in this device.**\
|
|
****You can list all the options using `sdkmanager`:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat --list
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
And **download** the one (or all) you want to use with:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat "platforms;android-28" "system-images;android-28;google_apis;x86_64"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Once you have downloaded the Android image you want to use you can **list all the downloaded Android images** with:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat list target
|
|
----------
|
|
id: 1 or "android-28"
|
|
Name: Android API 28
|
|
Type: Platform
|
|
API level: 28
|
|
Revision: 6
|
|
----------
|
|
id: 2 or "android-29"
|
|
Name: Android API 29
|
|
Type: Platform
|
|
API level: 29
|
|
Revision: 4
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
At this moment you have decided the device you want to use and you have downloaded the Android image, so **you can create the virtual machine using**:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat -v create avd -k "system-images;android-28;google_apis;x86_64" -n "AVD9" -d "Nexus 5X"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
In the last command **I created a VM named** "_AVD9_" using the **device** "_Nexus 5X_" and the **Android image** "_system-images;android-28;google\_apis;x86\_64_".\
|
|
Now you can **list the virtual machines** you have created with: 
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\bin\avdmanager.bat list avd
|
|
|
|
Name: AVD9
|
|
Device: Nexus 5X (Google)
|
|
Path: C:\Users\cpolo\.android\avd\AVD9.avd
|
|
Target: Google APIs (Google Inc.)
|
|
Based on: Android API 28 Tag/ABI: google_apis/x86_64
|
|
|
|
The following Android Virtual Devices could not be loaded:
|
|
Name: Pixel_2_API_27
|
|
Path: C:\Users\cpolo\.android\avd\Pixel_2_API_27_1.avd
|
|
Error: Google pixel_2 no longer exists as a device
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Run Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
We have already seen how you can list the created virtual machines, but **you can also list them using**:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -list-avds
|
|
AVD9
|
|
Pixel_2_API_27
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can simply **run any virtual machine created** using:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "VirtualMachineName"
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "AVD9"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Or using more advance options you can run a virtual machine like:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "AVD9" -http-proxy 192.168.1.12:8080 -writable-system
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Command line options
|
|
|
|
However there are **a lot of different command line useful options** that you can use to initiate a virtual machine. Below you can find some interesting options but can **** [**find a complete list here**](https://developer.android.com/studio/run/emulator-commandline)
|
|
|
|
#### Boot
|
|
|
|
* `-snapshot name` : Start VM snapshot
|
|
* `-snapshot-list -snapstorage ~/.android/avd/Nexus_5X_API_23.avd/snapshots-test.img` : List all the snapshots recorded
|
|
|
|
#### Network
|
|
|
|
* `-dns-server 192.0.2.0, 192.0.2.255` : Allow to indicate comma separated the DNS servers to the VM.
|
|
* **`-http-proxy 192.168.1.12:8080`** : Allow to indicate an HTTP proxy to use (very useful to capture the traffic using Burp)
|
|
* `-port 5556` : Set the TCP port number that's used for the console and adb.
|
|
* `-ports 5556,5559` : Set the TCP ports used for the console and adb.
|
|
* **`-tcpdump /path/dumpfile.cap`** : Capture all the traffic in a file
|
|
|
|
#### System
|
|
|
|
* `-selinux {disabled|permissive}` : Set the Security-Enhanced Linux security module to either disabled or permissive mode on a Linux operating system.
|
|
* `-timezone Europe/Paris` : Set the timezone for the virtual device
|
|
* `-screen {touch(default)|multi-touch|o-touch}` : Set emulated touch screen mode.
|
|
* **`-writable-system`** : Use this option to have a writable system image during your emulation session. You will need also to run `adb root; adb remount`. This is very useful to install a new certificate in the system.
|
|
|
|
## Install Burp certificate on a Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
First of all you need to download the Der certificate from Burp. You can do this in _**Proxy**_ --> _**Options**_ --> _**Import / Export CA certificate**_
|
|
|
|
 (1).png>)
|
|
|
|
**Export the certificate in Der format** and lets **transform** it to a form that **Android** is going to be able to **understand.** Note that **in order to configure the burp certificate on the Android machine in AVD** you need to **run** this machine **with** the **`-writable-system`** option.\
|
|
For example you can run it like:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\tools\emulator.exe -avd "AVD9" -http-proxy 192.168.1.12:8080 -writable-system
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Then, to **configure burps certificate do**:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
openssl x509 -inform DER -in burp_cacert.der -out burp_cacert.pem
|
|
CERTHASHNAME="`openssl x509 -inform PEM -subject_hash_old -in burp_cacert.pem | head -1`.0"
|
|
mv burp_cacert.pem $CERTHASHNAME #Correct name
|
|
adb root && adb remount #Allow to write on /syste
|
|
adb push $CERTHASHNAME /sdcard/ #Upload certificate
|
|
adb shell mv /sdcard/$CERTHASHNAME /system/etc/security/cacerts/ #Move to correct location
|
|
adb shell chmod 644 /system/etc/security/cacerts/$CERTHASHNAME #Assign privileges
|
|
adb reboot #Now, reboot the machine
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Once the **machine finish rebooting** the burp certificate will be in use by it!
|
|
|
|
## Take a Snapshot
|
|
|
|
You can **use the GUI** to take a snapshot of the VM at any time:
|
|
|
|
.png>)
|