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Konfiguracija Frida za iOS

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Instalacija Fride

Koraci za instalaciju Fride na Jailbroken uređaju:

  1. Otvorite Cydia/Sileo aplikaciju.
  2. Idite na Manage -> Sources -> Edit -> Add.
  3. Unesite "https://build.frida.re" kao URL.
  4. Idite na novododati izvor Frida.
  5. Instalirajte Frida paket.

Ako koristite Corellium moraćete preuzeti Frida izdanje sa https://github.com/frida/frida/releases (frida-gadget-[yourversion]-ios-universal.dylib.gz) i raspakovati i kopirati na lokaciju dylib koju Frida traži, npr.: /Users/[youruser]/.cache/frida/gadget-ios.dylib

Nakon instalacije, možete koristiti komandu frida-ls-devices na svom računaru i proveriti da li se uređaj pojavljuje (vaš računar mora moći da mu pristupi).
Takođe izvršite frida-ps -Uia da proverite pokrenute procese telefona.

Frida bez Jailbroken uređaja i bez patchovanja aplikacije

Proverite ovaj blog post o korišćenju Fride na uređajima bez jailbreak-a bez patchovanja aplikacije: https://mrbypass.medium.com/unlocking-potential-exploring-frida-objection-on-non-jailbroken-devices-without-application-ed0367a84f07

Instalacija Frida klijenta

Instalirajte frida alate:

pip install frida-tools
pip install frida

Sa instaliranim Frida serverom i pokrenutim i povezanim uređajem, proverite da li je klijent aktivan:

frida-ls-devices  # List devices
frida-ps -Uia     # Get running processes

Frida Trace

# Functions
## Trace all functions with the word "log" in their name
frida-trace -U <program> -i "*log*"
frida-trace -U <program> -i "*log*" | swift demangle # Demangle names

# Objective-C
## Trace all methods of all classes
frida-trace -U <program> -m "*[* *]"

## Trace all methods with the word "authentication" from classes that start with "NE"
frida-trace -U <program> -m "*[NE* *authentication*]"

# Plug-In
## To hook a plugin that is momentarely executed prepare Frida indicating the ID of the Plugin binary
frida-trace -U -W <if-plugin-bin> -m '*[* *]'

Dobijanje svih klasa i metoda

  • Automatsko završavanje: Jednostavno izvršite frida -U <program>
  • Dobijanje svih dostupnih klasa (filtrirano po stringu)

{% code title="/tmp/script.js" %}

// frida -U <program> -l /tmp/script.js

var filterClass = "filterstring";

if (ObjC.available) {
for (var className in ObjC.classes) {
if (ObjC.classes.hasOwnProperty(className)) {
if (!filterClass || className.includes(filterClass)) {
console.log(className);
}
}
}
} else {
console.log("Objective-C runtime is not available.");
}

{% endcode %}

  • Dobijanje svih metoda jedne klase (filtrirano po stringu)

{% code title="/tmp/script.js" %}

// frida -U <program> -l /tmp/script.js

var specificClass = "YourClassName";
var filterMethod = "filtermethod";

if (ObjC.available) {
if (ObjC.classes.hasOwnProperty(specificClass)) {
var methods = ObjC.classes[specificClass].$ownMethods;
for (var i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
if (!filterMethod || methods[i].includes(filterClass)) {
console.log(specificClass + ': ' + methods[i]);
}
}
} else {
console.log("Class not found.");
}
} else {
console.log("Objective-C runtime is not available.");
}

{% endcode %}

  • Pozovi funkciju
// Find the address of the function to call
const func_addr = Module.findExportByName("<Prog Name>", "<Func Name>");
// Declare the function to call
const func = new NativeFunction(
func_addr,
"void", ["pointer", "pointer", "pointer"], {
});

var arg0 = null;

// In this case to call this function we need to intercept a call to it to copy arg0
Interceptor.attach(wg_log_addr, {
onEnter: function(args) {
arg0 = new NativePointer(args[0]);
}
});

// Wait untill a call to the func occurs
while (! arg0) {
Thread.sleep(1);
console.log("waiting for ptr");
}


var arg1 = Memory.allocUtf8String('arg1');
var txt = Memory.allocUtf8String('Some text for arg2');
wg_log(arg0, arg1, txt);

console.log("loaded");

Frida Fuzzing

Frida Stalker

Iz dokumenata: Stalker je Fridin tracing engine. Omogućava praćenje niti, snimanje svake funkcije, svakog bloka, čak i svake instrukcije koja se izvršava.

Imate primer koji implementira Frida Stalker na https://github.com/poxyran/misc/blob/master/frida-stalker-example.py

Ovo je još jedan primer za povezivanje Frida Stalker-a svaki put kada se pozove funkcija:

console.log("loading");
const wg_log_addr = Module.findExportByName("<Program>", "<function_name>");
const wg_log = new NativeFunction(
wg_log_addr,
"void", ["pointer", "pointer", "pointer"], {
});

Interceptor.attach(wg_log_addr, {
onEnter: function(args) {
console.log(`logging the following message: ${args[2].readCString()}`);

Stalker.follow({
events: {
// only collect coverage for newly encountered blocks
compile: true,
},
onReceive: function (events) {
const bbs = Stalker.parse(events, {
stringify: false,
annotate: false
});
console.log("Stalker trace of write_msg_to_log: \n" + bbs.flat().map(DebugSymbol.fromAddress).join('\n'));
}
});
},
onLeave: function(retval) {
Stalker.unfollow();
Stalker.flush();  // this is important to get all events
}
});

{% hint style="danger" %} Ovo je zanimljivo iz razloga debagiranja, ali za fuzzing, stalno koristiti .follow() i .unfollow() je vrlo neefikasno. {% endhint %}

Fpicker

fpicker je Frida baziran skup alata za fuzzing koji nudi različite režime fuzzinga za fuzzing unutar procesa, kao što su AFL++ režim ili pasivni režim praćenja. Trebalo bi da radi na svim platformama koje podržava Frida.

# Get fpicker
git clone https://github.com/ttdennis/fpicker
cd fpicker

# Get Frida core devkit and prepare fpicker
wget https://github.com/frida/frida/releases/download/16.1.4/frida-core-devkit-16.1.4-[yourOS]-[yourarchitecture].tar.xz
# e.g. https://github.com/frida/frida/releases/download/16.1.4/frida-core-devkit-16.1.4-macos-arm64.tar.xz
tar -xf ./*tar.xz
cp libfrida-core.a libfrida-core-[yourOS].a #libfrida-core-macos.a

# Install fpicker
make fpicker-[yourOS] # fpicker-macos
# This generates ./fpicker

# Install radamsa (fuzzer generator)
brew install radamsa
  • Priprema fajl sistema:
# From inside fpicker clone
mkdir -p examples/wg-log # Where the fuzzing script will be
mkdir -p examples/wg-log/out # For code coverage and crashes
mkdir -p examples/wg-log/in # For starting inputs

# Create at least 1 input for the fuzzer
echo Hello World > examples/wg-log/in/0
  • Fuzzer skripta (examples/wg-log/myfuzzer.js):

{% code title="examples/wg-log/myfuzzer.js" %}

// Import the fuzzer base class
import { Fuzzer } from "../../harness/fuzzer.js";

class WGLogFuzzer extends Fuzzer {

constructor() {
console.log("WGLogFuzzer constructor called")

// Get and declare the function we are going to fuzz
var wg_log_addr = Module.findExportByName("<Program name>", "<func name to fuzz>");
var wg_log_func = new NativeFunction(
wg_log_addr,
"void", ["pointer", "pointer", "pointer"], {
});

// Initialize the object
super("<Program nane>", wg_log_addr, wg_log_func);
this.wg_log_addr = wg_log_addr; // We cannot use "this" before calling "super"

console.log("WGLogFuzzer in the middle");

// Prepare the second argument to pass to the fuzz function
this.tag = Memory.allocUtf8String("arg2");

// Get the first argument we need to pass from a call to the functino we want to fuzz
var wg_log_global_ptr = null;
console.log(this.wg_log_addr);
Interceptor.attach(this.wg_log_addr, {
onEnter: function(args) {
console.log("Entering in the function to get the first argument");
wg_log_global_ptr = new NativePointer(args[0]);
}
});

while (! wg_log_global_ptr) {
Thread.sleep(1)
}
this.wg_log_global_ptr = wg_log_global_ptr;
console.log("WGLogFuzzer prepare ended")
}


// This function is called by the fuzzer with the first argument being a pointer into memory
// where the payload is stored and the second the length of the input.
fuzz(payload, len) {
// Get a pointer to payload being a valid C string (with a null byte at the end)
var payload_cstring = payload.readCString(len);
this.payload = Memory.allocUtf8String(payload_cstring);

// Debug and fuzz
this.debug_log(this.payload, len);
// Pass the 2 first arguments we know the function needs and finally the payload to fuzz
this.target_function(this.wg_log_global_ptr, this.tag, this.payload);
}
}

const f = new WGLogFuzzer();
rpc.exports.fuzzer = f;

{% endcode %}

  • Kompajlirajte fuzzer:
# From inside fpicker clone
## Compile from "myfuzzer.js" to "harness.js"
frida-compile examples/wg-log/myfuzzer.js -o harness.js
  • Pozovite fuzzer fpicker koristeći radamsa:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

# Indicate fpicker to fuzz a program with the harness.js script and which folders to use
fpicker -v --fuzzer-mode active -e attach -p <Program to fuzz> -D usb -o examples/wg-log/out/ -i examples/wg-log/in/ -f harness.js --standalone-mutator cmd --mutator-command "radamsa"
# You can find code coverage and crashes in examples/wg-log/out/

{% endcode %}

{% hint style="danger" %} U ovom slučaju ne ponovo pokrećemo aplikaciju ili vraćamo stanje nakon svakog payloada. Dakle, ako Frida pronađe pad sistema, sledeći unosi nakon tog payloada takođe mogu srušiti aplikaciju (jer je aplikacija u nestabilnom stanju), čak i ako unos ne bi trebalo da sruši aplikaciju.

Osim toga, Frida će se povezati sa signalima izuzetaka iOS-a, pa kada Frida pronađe pad sistema, verovatno izveštaji o padu sistema iOS-a neće biti generisani.

Da biste to sprečili, na primer, možemo ponovo pokrenuti aplikaciju nakon svakog Frida pada. {% endhint %}

Zapisi i Padovi

Možete proveriti macOS konzolu ili log cli da biste proverili macOS zapise.
Takođe možete proveriti zapise sa iOS uređaja koristeći idevicesyslog.
Neki zapisi će izostaviti informacije dodajući <private>. Da biste prikazali sve informacije, morate instalirati neki profil sa https://developer.apple.com/bug-reporting/profiles-and-logs/ da biste omogućili te privatne informacije.

Ako ne znate šta da radite:

vim /Library/Preferences/Logging/com.apple.system.logging.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>Enable-Private-Data</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</plist>

killall -9 logd

Možete proveriti rušenja u:

  • iOS
  • Postavke → Privatnost → Analitika i unapređenja → Podaci analitike
  • /private/var/mobile/Library/Logs/CrashReporter/
  • macOS:
  • /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/
  • ~/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports

{% hint style="warning" %} iOS čuva samo 25 rušenja iste aplikacije, pa ih morate očistiti ili će iOS prestati da pravi rušenja. {% endhint %}

Frida Android Tutorijali

{% content-ref url="../android-app-pentesting/frida-tutorial/" %} frida-tutorial {% endcontent-ref %}

Reference

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