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hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-pop.md

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110,995 - Pentesting POP

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Informação Básica

O Protocolo de Correio (POP) é descrito como um protocolo no âmbito de redes de computadores e da Internet, que é utilizado para a extração e recuperação de e-mails de um servidor de correio remoto, tornando-os acessíveis no dispositivo local. Posicionado na camada de aplicação do modelo OSI, este protocolo permite aos usuários buscar e receber e-mails. A operação dos clientes POP geralmente envolve o estabelecimento de uma conexão com o servidor de correio, o download de todas as mensagens, o armazenamento dessas mensagens localmente no sistema do cliente e posteriormente removê-las do servidor. Embora existam três iterações deste protocolo, o POP3 se destaca como a versão mais amplamente empregada.

Portas padrão: 110, 995(ssl)

PORT    STATE SERVICE
110/tcp open  pop3

Enumeração

Banner Grabbing

nc -nv <IP> 110
openssl s_client -connect <IP>:995 -crlf -quiet

Manual

Você pode usar o comando CAPA para obter as capacidades do servidor POP3.

Automatizado

nmap --script "pop3-capabilities or pop3-ntlm-info" -sV -port <PORT> <IP> #All are default scripts

O plugin pop3-ntlm-info retornará alguns dados "sensíveis" (versões do Windows).

Bruteforce POP3

Sintaxe POP

Exemplos de comandos POP de aqui

POP commands:
USER uid           Log in as "uid"
PASS password      Substitue "password" for your actual password
STAT               List number of messages, total mailbox size
LIST               List messages and sizes
RETR n             Show message n
DELE n             Mark message n for deletion
RSET               Undo any changes
QUIT               Logout (expunges messages if no RSET)
TOP msg n          Show first n lines of message number msg
CAPA               Get capabilities

Post Office Protocol (POP)

POP is a protocol used by email clients to retrieve email from a mail server. During a penetration test, you can attempt to brute force POP credentials using tools like Hydra or Metasploit. Additionally, you can use a tool like pop3-user-enum to enumerate valid users on a POP server. This information can be useful for further attacks, such as password spraying or targeted phishing campaigns.

root@kali:~# telnet $ip 110
+OK beta POP3 server (JAMES POP3 Server 2.3.2) ready
USER billydean
+OK
PASS password
+OK Welcome billydean

list

+OK 2 1807
1 786
2 1021

retr 1

+OK Message follows
From: jamesbrown@motown.com
Dear Billy Dean,

Here is your login for remote desktop ... try not to forget it this time!
username: billydean
password: PA$$W0RD!Z

Configurações Perigosas

De https://academy.hackthebox.com/module/112/section/1073

Configuração Descrição
auth_debug Ativa todos os registros de depuração de autenticação.
auth_debug_passwords Esta configuração ajusta a verbosidade do registro, as senhas enviadas e o esquema são registrados.
auth_verbose Registra tentativas de autenticação malsucedidas e suas razões.
auth_verbose_passwords As senhas usadas para autenticação são registradas e também podem ser truncadas.
auth_anonymous_username Especifica o nome de usuário a ser usado ao fazer login com o mecanismo SASL ANÔNIMO.

Comandos Automáticos do HackTricks

Protocol_Name:  POP   #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
Port_Number:  110     #Comma separated if there is more than one.
Protocol_Description: Post Office Protocol         #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out

Entry_1:
Name: Notes
Description: Notes for POP
Note: |
Post Office Protocol (POP) is described as a protocol within the realm of computer networking and the Internet, which is utilized for the extraction and retrieval of email from a remote mail server**, making it accessible on the local device. Positioned within the application layer of the OSI model, this protocol enables users to fetch and receive email. The operation of POP clients typically involves establishing a connection to the mail server, downloading all messages, storing these messages locally on the client system, and subsequently removing them from the server. Although there are three iterations of this protocol, POP3 stands out as the most prevalently employed version.

https://book.hacktricks.xyz/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-pop

Entry_2:
Name: Banner Grab
Description: Banner Grab 110
Command: nc -nv {IP} 110

Entry_3:
Name: Banner Grab 995
Description: Grab Banner Secure
Command: openssl s_client -connect {IP}:995 -crlf -quiet

Entry_4:
Name: Nmap
Description: Scan for POP info
Command: nmap --script "pop3-capabilities or pop3-ntlm-info" -sV -p 110 {IP}

Entry_5:
Name: Hydra Brute Force
Description: Need User
Command: hydra -l {Username} -P {Big_Passwordlist} -f {IP} pop3 -V

Entry_6:
Name: consolesless mfs enumeration
Description: POP3 enumeration without the need to run msfconsole
Note: sourced from https://github.com/carlospolop/legion
Command: msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/pop3/pop3_version; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 110; run; exit'
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