hacktricks/forensics/basic-forensic-methodology/docker-forensics.md
Carlos Polop e8baf10a61 arte
2024-01-13 23:04:19 +01:00

143 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

# Docker Forensics
<details>
<summary><strong>Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
Other ways to support HackTricks:
* If you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks** or **download HackTricks in PDF** Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
</details>
## Container modification
There are suspicions that some docker container was compromised:
```bash
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cc03e43a052a lamp-wordpress "./run.sh" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 80/tcp wordpress
```
You can easily **find the modifications done to this container with regards to the image** with:
```bash
docker diff wordpress
C /var
C /var/lib
C /var/lib/mysql
A /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile0
A /var/lib/mysql/ib_logfile1
A /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
A /var/lib/mysql/mysql
A /var/lib/mysql/mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYI
A /var/lib/mysql/mysql/general_log.CSV
...
```
In the previous command **C** means **Changed** and **A,** **Added**.\
If you find that some interesting file like `/etc/shadow` was modified you can download it from the container to check for malicious activity with:
```bash
docker cp wordpress:/etc/shadow.
```
You can also **compare it with the original one** running a new container and extracting the file from it:
```bash
docker run -d lamp-wordpress
docker cp b5d53e8b468e:/etc/shadow original_shadow #Get the file from the newly created container
diff original_shadow shadow
```
If you find that **some suspicious file was added** you can access the container and check it:
```bash
docker exec -it wordpress bash
```
## Images modifications
When you are given an exported docker image (probably in `.tar` format) you can use [**container-diff**](https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/container-diff/releases) to **extract a summary of the modifications**:
```bash
docker save <image> > image.tar #Export the image to a .tar file
container-diff analyze -t sizelayer image.tar
container-diff analyze -t history image.tar
container-diff analyze -t metadata image.tar
```
Then, you can **decompress** the image and **access the blobs** to search for suspicious files you may have found in the changes history:
```bash
tar -xf image.tar
```
### Basic Analysis
You can get **basic information** from the image running:
```bash
docker inspect <image>
```
You can also get a summary **history of changes** with:
```bash
docker history --no-trunc <image>
```
You can also generate a **dockerfile from an image** with:
```bash
alias dfimage="docker run -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --rm alpine/dfimage"
dfimage -sV=1.36 madhuakula/k8s-goat-hidden-in-layers>
```
### Dive
In order to find added/modified files in docker images you can also use the [**dive**](https://github.com/wagoodman/dive) (download it from [**releases**](https://github.com/wagoodman/dive/releases/tag/v0.10.0)) utility:
```bash
#First you need to load the image in your docker repo
sudo docker load < image.tar 1
Loaded image: flask:latest
#And then open it with dive:
sudo dive flask:latest
```
This allows you to **navigate through the different blobs of docker images** and check which files were modified/added. **Red** means added and **yellow** means modified. Use **tab** to move to the other view and **space** to collapse/open folders.
With die you won't be able to access the content of the different stages of the image. To do so you will need to **decompress each layer and access it**.\
You can decompress all the layers from an image from the directory where the image was decompressed executing:
```bash
tar -xf image.tar
for d in `find * -maxdepth 0 -type d`; do cd $d; tar -xf ./layer.tar; cd ..; done
```
## Credentials from memory
Note that when you run a docker container inside a host **you can see the processes running on the container from the host** just running `ps -ef`
Therefore (as root) you can **dump the memory of the processes** from the host and search for **credentials** just [**like in the following example**](../../linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/#process-memory).
<details>
<summary><strong>Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
Other ways to support HackTricks:
* If you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks** or **download HackTricks in PDF** Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
</details>