hacktricks/mobile-pentesting/ios-pentesting/frida-configuration-in-ios.md

iOS Frida配置

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安装Frida

在越狱设备上安装Frida的步骤：

1. 打开Cydia/Sileo应用。
2. 转到Manage -> Sources -> Edit -> Add。
3. 输入"https://build.frida.re"作为URL。
4. 进入新添加的Frida源。
5. 安装Frida软件包。

如果您使用Corellium，您需要从https://github.com/frida/frida/releases下载Frida版本（frida-gadget-[yourversion]-ios-universal.dylib.gz），并解压缩并复制到Frida要求的dylib位置，例如：/Users/[youruser]/.cache/frida/gadget-ios.dylib

安装完成后，您可以在PC上使用命令**frida-ls-devices，检查设备是否显示（您的PC需要能够访问它）。
还可以执行frida-ps -Uia**来检查手机的运行进程。

无需越狱设备和无需对应用程序打补丁的Frida

查看这篇关于如何在非越狱设备上使用Frida而无需对应用程序打补丁的博文：https://mrbypass.medium.com/unlocking-potential-exploring-frida-objection-on-non-jailbroken-devices-without-application-ed0367a84f07

安装Frida客户端

安装Frida工具：

pip install frida-tools
pip install frida

安装了Frida服务器并连接设备后，检查客户端是否正常工作：

frida-ls-devices  # List devices
frida-ps -Uia     # Get running processes

Frida跟踪

# Functions
## Trace all functions with the word "log" in their name
frida-trace -U <program> -i "*log*"
frida-trace -U <program> -i "*log*" | swift demangle # Demangle names

# Objective-C
## Trace all methods of all classes
frida-trace -U <program> -m "*[* *]"

## Trace all methods with the word "authentication" from classes that start with "NE"
frida-trace -U <program> -m "*[NE* *authentication*]"

# Plug-In
## To hook a plugin that is momentarely executed prepare Frida indicating the ID of the Plugin binary
frida-trace -U -W <if-plugin-bin> -m '*[* *]'

获取所有类和方法

• 自动完成：只需执行 frida -U <program>

• 获取所有可用的类（按字符串过滤）

{% code title="/tmp/script.js" %}

// frida -U <program> -l /tmp/script.js

var filterClass = "filterstring";

if (ObjC.available) {
for (var className in ObjC.classes) {
if (ObjC.classes.hasOwnProperty(className)) {
if (!filterClass || className.includes(filterClass)) {
console.log(className);
}
}
}
} else {
console.log("Objective-C runtime is not available.");
}

{% endcode %}

• 获取类的所有方法（按字符串过滤）

{% code title="/tmp/script.js" %}

// frida -U <program> -l /tmp/script.js

var specificClass = "YourClassName";
var filterMethod = "filtermethod";

if (ObjC.available) {
if (ObjC.classes.hasOwnProperty(specificClass)) {
var methods = ObjC.classes[specificClass].$ownMethods;
for (var i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
if (!filterMethod || methods[i].includes(filterClass)) {
console.log(specificClass + ': ' + methods[i]);
}
}
} else {
console.log("Class not found.");
}
} else {
console.log("Objective-C runtime is not available.");
}

{% endcode %}

• 调用函数

// Find the address of the function to call
const func_addr = Module.findExportByName("<Prog Name>", "<Func Name>");
// Declare the function to call
const func = new NativeFunction(
func_addr,
"void", ["pointer", "pointer", "pointer"], {
});

var arg0 = null;

// In this case to call this function we need to intercept a call to it to copy arg0
Interceptor.attach(wg_log_addr, {
onEnter: function(args) {
arg0 = new NativePointer(args[0]);
}
});

// Wait untill a call to the func occurs
while (! arg0) {
Thread.sleep(1);
console.log("waiting for ptr");
}


var arg1 = Memory.allocUtf8String('arg1');
var txt = Memory.allocUtf8String('Some text for arg2');
wg_log(arg0, arg1, txt);

console.log("loaded");

Frida模糊测试

Frida Stalker

官方文档: Stalker是Frida的代码追踪引擎。它允许跟踪线程，捕获每个函数，每个代码块，甚至每个执行的指令。

你可以在https://github.com/poxyran/misc/blob/master/frida-stalker-example.py找到一个实现Frida Stalker的示例。

这是另一个示例，每次调用函数时都会附加Frida Stalker：

console.log("loading");
const wg_log_addr = Module.findExportByName("<Program>", "<function_name>");
const wg_log = new NativeFunction(
wg_log_addr,
"void", ["pointer", "pointer", "pointer"], {
});

Interceptor.attach(wg_log_addr, {
onEnter: function(args) {
console.log(`logging the following message: ${args[2].readCString()}`);

Stalker.follow({
events: {
// only collect coverage for newly encountered blocks
compile: true,
},
onReceive: function (events) {
const bbs = Stalker.parse(events, {
stringify: false,
annotate: false
});
console.log("Stalker trace of write_msg_to_log: \n" + bbs.flat().map(DebugSymbol.fromAddress).join('\n'));
}
});
},
onLeave: function(retval) {
Stalker.unfollow();
Stalker.flush();  // this is important to get all events
}
});

{% hint style="danger" %} 这对于调试目的很有趣，但对于模糊测试来说，不断地**.follow()和.unfollow()**是非常低效的。 {% endhint %}

Fpicker

fpicker 是一个基于Frida的模糊测试套件，提供各种模糊测试模式，如AFL++模式或被动跟踪模式。它应该在所有Frida支持的平台上运行。

• 安装 fpicker & radamsa

# Get fpicker
git clone https://github.com/ttdennis/fpicker
cd fpicker

# Get Frida core devkit and prepare fpicker
wget https://github.com/frida/frida/releases/download/16.1.4/frida-core-devkit-16.1.4-[yourOS]-[yourarchitecture].tar.xz
# e.g. https://github.com/frida/frida/releases/download/16.1.4/frida-core-devkit-16.1.4-macos-arm64.tar.xz
tar -xf ./*tar.xz
cp libfrida-core.a libfrida-core-[yourOS].a #libfrida-core-macos.a

# Install fpicker
make fpicker-[yourOS] # fpicker-macos
# This generates ./fpicker

# Install radamsa (fuzzer generator)
brew install radamsa

• 准备文件系统：

# From inside fpicker clone
mkdir -p examples/wg-log # Where the fuzzing script will be
mkdir -p examples/wg-log/out # For code coverage and crashes
mkdir -p examples/wg-log/in # For starting inputs

# Create at least 1 input for the fuzzer
echo Hello World > examples/wg-log/in/0

• Fuzzer脚本 (examples/wg-log/myfuzzer.js):

{% code title="examples/wg-log/myfuzzer.js" %}

// Import the fuzzer base class
import { Fuzzer } from "../../harness/fuzzer.js";

class WGLogFuzzer extends Fuzzer {

constructor() {
console.log("WGLogFuzzer constructor called")

// Get and declare the function we are going to fuzz
var wg_log_addr = Module.findExportByName("<Program name>", "<func name to fuzz>");
var wg_log_func = new NativeFunction(
wg_log_addr,
"void", ["pointer", "pointer", "pointer"], {
});

// Initialize the object
super("<Program nane>", wg_log_addr, wg_log_func);
this.wg_log_addr = wg_log_addr; // We cannot use "this" before calling "super"

console.log("WGLogFuzzer in the middle");

// Prepare the second argument to pass to the fuzz function
this.tag = Memory.allocUtf8String("arg2");

// Get the first argument we need to pass from a call to the functino we want to fuzz
var wg_log_global_ptr = null;
console.log(this.wg_log_addr);
Interceptor.attach(this.wg_log_addr, {
onEnter: function(args) {
console.log("Entering in the function to get the first argument");
wg_log_global_ptr = new NativePointer(args[0]);
}
});

while (! wg_log_global_ptr) {
Thread.sleep(1)
}
this.wg_log_global_ptr = wg_log_global_ptr;
console.log("WGLogFuzzer prepare ended")
}


// This function is called by the fuzzer with the first argument being a pointer into memory
// where the payload is stored and the second the length of the input.
fuzz(payload, len) {
// Get a pointer to payload being a valid C string (with a null byte at the end)
var payload_cstring = payload.readCString(len);
this.payload = Memory.allocUtf8String(payload_cstring);

// Debug and fuzz
this.debug_log(this.payload, len);
// Pass the 2 first arguments we know the function needs and finally the payload to fuzz
this.target_function(this.wg_log_global_ptr, this.tag, this.payload);
}
}

const f = new WGLogFuzzer();
rpc.exports.fuzzer = f;

{% endcode %}

• 编译 fuzzer：

# From inside fpicker clone
## Compile from "myfuzzer.js" to "harness.js"
frida-compile examples/wg-log/myfuzzer.js -o harness.js

• 使用 radamsa 调用模糊器 fpicker：

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

# Indicate fpicker to fuzz a program with the harness.js script and which folders to use
fpicker -v --fuzzer-mode active -e attach -p <Program to fuzz> -D usb -o examples/wg-log/out/ -i examples/wg-log/in/ -f harness.js --standalone-mutator cmd --mutator-command "radamsa"
# You can find code coverage and crashes in examples/wg-log/out/

{% endcode %}

{% hint style="danger" %} 在这种情况下，我们在每个有效负载之后不重新启动应用程序或恢复状态。因此，如果Frida发现一个崩溃，那么在该有效负载之后的下一个输入可能也会导致应用程序崩溃（因为应用程序处于不稳定状态），即使输入不应导致应用程序崩溃。

此外，Frida将钩入iOS的异常信号，因此当Frida发现崩溃时，可能不会生成iOS崩溃报告。

为了防止这种情况，例如，我们可以在每次Frida崩溃后重新启动应用程序。 {% endhint %}

日志和崩溃

您可以检查macOS控制台或**log** cli来查看macOS日志。
您还可以使用**idevicesyslog来检查iOS的日志。
一些日志将省略添加<private>**的信息。要显示所有信息，您需要从https://developer.apple.com/bug-reporting/profiles-and-logs/安装一些配置文件以启用私人信息。

如果您不知道该怎么办：

vim /Library/Preferences/Logging/com.apple.system.logging.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>Enable-Private-Data</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</plist>

killall -9 logd

您可以在以下位置检查崩溃情况：

• iOS
  • 设置 → 隐私 → 分析与改进 → 分析数据
  • /private/var/mobile/Library/Logs/CrashReporter/
• macOS:
  • /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/
  • ~/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports

{% hint style="warning" %} iOS仅存储同一应用的25个崩溃情况，因此您需要清理，否则iOS将停止创建崩溃报告。 {% endhint %}

Frida Android 教程

{% content-ref url="../android-app-pentesting/frida-tutorial/" %} frida-tutorial {% endcontent-ref %}

参考资料

• https://www.briskinfosec.com/blogs/blogsdetail/Getting-Started-with-Frida