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13 KiB
13 KiB
Angr - Examples
{% hint style="info" %}
If the program is using scanf to get several values at once from stdin you need to generate a state that starts after the scanf.
{% endhint %}
Input to reach address indicating the address
import angr
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1] # :string
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
# Start in main()
initial_state = project.factory.entry_state()
# Start simulation
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
# Find the way yo reach the good address
good_address = 0x804867d
# Avoiding this address
avoid_address = 0x080485A8
simulation.explore(find=good_address , avoid=avoid_address ))
# If found a way to reach the address
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
# Print the string that Angr wrote to stdin to follow solution_state
print(solution_state.posix.dumps(sys.stdin.fileno()))
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
Input to reach address indicating prints
# If you don't know the address you want to recah, but you know it's printing something
# You can also indicate that info
import angr
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1]
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
initial_state = project.factory.entry_state()
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
def is_successful(state):
#Successful print
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return b'Good Job.' in stdout_output
def should_abort(state):
#Avoid this print
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return b'Try again.' in stdout_output
simulation.explore(find=is_successful, avoid=should_abort)
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
print(solution_state.posix.dumps(sys.stdin.fileno()))
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
Registry values
# Angr doesn't currently support reading multiple things with scanf (Ex:
# scanf("%u %u).) You will have to tell the simulation engine to begin the
# program after scanf is called and manually inject the symbols into registers.
import angr
import claripy
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1]
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
# Address were you want to indicate the relation BitVector - registries
start_address = 0x80488d1
initial_state = project.factory.blank_state(addr=start_address)
# Create Bit Vectors
password0_size_in_bits = 32 # :integer
password0 = claripy.BVS('password0', password0_size_in_bits)
password1_size_in_bits = 32 # :integer
password1 = claripy.BVS('password1', password1_size_in_bits)
password2_size_in_bits = 32 # :integer
password2 = claripy.BVS('password2', password2_size_in_bits)
# Relate it Vectors with the registriy values you are interested in to reach an address
initial_state.regs.eax = password0
initial_state.regs.ebx = password1
initial_state.regs.edx = password2
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
def is_successful(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Good Job.'.encode() in stdout_output
def should_abort(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Try again.'.encode() in stdout_output
simulation.explore(find=is_successful, avoid=should_abort)
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
solution0 = solution_state.solver.eval(password0)
solution1 = solution_state.solver.eval(password1)
solution2 = solution_state.solver.eval(password2)
# Aggregate and format the solutions you computed above, and then print
# the full string. Pay attention to the order of the integers, and the
# expected base (decimal, octal, hexadecimal, etc).
solution = ' '.join(map('{:x}'.format, [ solution0, solution1, solution2 ])) # :string
print(solution)
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
Stack values
# Put bit vectors in th stack to find out the vallue that stack position need to
# have to reach a rogram flow
import angr
import claripy
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1]
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
# Go to some address after the scanf where values have already being set in the stack
start_address = 0x8048697
initial_state = project.factory.blank_state(addr=start_address)
# Since we are starting after scanf, we are skipping this stack construction
# step. To make up for this, we need to construct the stack ourselves. Let us
# start by initializing ebp in the exact same way the program does.
initial_state.regs.ebp = initial_state.regs.esp
# In this case scanf("%u %u") is used, so 2 BVS are going to be needed
password0 = claripy.BVS('password0', 32)
password1 = claripy.BVS('password1', 32)
# Now, in the address were you have stopped, check were are the scanf values saved
# Then, substrack form the esp registry the needing padding to get to the
# part of the stack were the scanf values are being saved and push the BVS
# (see the image below to understan this -8)
padding_length_in_bytes = 8 # :integer
initial_state.regs.esp -= padding_length_in_bytes
initial_state.stack_push(password0)
initial_state.stack_push(password1)
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
def is_successful(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Good Job.'.encode() in stdout_output
def should_abort(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Try again.'.encode() in stdout_output
simulation.explore(find=is_successful, avoid=should_abort)
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
solution0 = solution_state.solver.eval(password0)
solution1 = solution_state.solver.eval(password1)
solution = ' '.join(map(str, [ solution0, solution1 ]))
print(solution)
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
In this scenario, the input was taken with scanf("%u %u") and the value "1 1" was given, so the values 0x00000001 of the stack come from the user input. You can see how this values starts in $ebp - 8. Therefore, in the code we have subtracted 8 bytes to $esp (as in that moment $ebp and $esp had the same value) and then we have pushed the BVS.
Static Memory values Global variables
import angr
import claripy
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1]
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
#Get an address after the scanf. Once the input has already being saved in the memory positions
start_address = 0x8048606
initial_state = project.factory.blank_state(addr=start_address)
# The binary is calling scanf("%8s %8s %8s %8s").
# So we need 4 BVS of size 8*8
password0 = claripy.BVS('password0', 8*8)
password1 = claripy.BVS('password1', 8*8)
password2 = claripy.BVS('password2', 8*8)
password3 = claripy.BVS('password3', 8*8)
# Write the symbolic BVS in the memory positions
password0_address = 0xa29faa0
initial_state.memory.store(password0_address, password0)
password1_address = 0xa29faa8
initial_state.memory.store(password1_address, password1)
password2_address = 0xa29fab0
initial_state.memory.store(password2_address, password2)
password3_address = 0xa29fab8
initial_state.memory.store(password3_address, password3)
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
def is_successful(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Good Job.'.encode() in stdout_output
def should_abort(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Try again.'.encode() in stdout_output
simulation.explore(find=is_successful, avoid=should_abort)
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
# Get the values the memory addresses should store
solution0 = solution_state.solver.eval(password0,cast_to=bytes).decode()
solution1 = solution_state.solver.eval(password1,cast_to=bytes).decode()
solution2 = solution_state.solver.eval(password2,cast_to=bytes).decode()
solution3 = solution_state.solver.eval(password3,cast_to=bytes).decode()
solution = ' '.join([ solution0, solution1, solution2, solution3 ])
print(solution)
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
Dynamic Memory Values Malloc
import angr
import claripy
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1]
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
# Get address after scanf
start_address = 0x804869e
initial_state = project.factory.blank_state(addr=start_address)
# The binary is calling scanf("%8s %8s") so 2 BVS are needed.
password0 = claripy.BVS('password0', 8*8)
password1 = claripy.BVS('password0', 8*8)
# Find a coupble of addresses that aren't used by the binary (like 0x4444444 & 0x4444454)
# The address generated by mallosc is going to be saved in some address
# Then, make that address point to the fake heap addresses were the BVS are going to be saved
fake_heap_address0 = 0x4444444
pointer_to_malloc_memory_address0 = 0xa79a118
initial_state.memory.store(pointer_to_malloc_memory_address0, fake_heap_address0, endness=project.arch.memory_endness)
fake_heap_address1 = 0x4444454
pointer_to_malloc_memory_address1 = 0xa79a120
initial_state.memory.store(pointer_to_malloc_memory_address1, fake_heap_address1, endness=project.arch.memory_endness)
# Save the VBS in the new fake heap addresses created
initial_state.memory.store(fake_heap_address0, password0)
initial_state.memory.store(fake_heap_address1, password1)
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
def is_successful(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Good Job.'.encode() in stdout_output
def should_abort(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Try again.'.encode() in stdout_output
simulation.explore(find=is_successful, avoid=should_abort)
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
solution0 = solution_state.solver.eval(password0,cast_to=bytes).decode()
solution1 = solution_state.solver.eval(password1,cast_to=bytes).decode()
solution = ' '.join([ solution0, solution1 ])
print(solution)
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
File Simulation
#In this challenge a password is read from a file and we want to simulate its content
import angr
import claripy
import sys
def main(argv):
path_to_binary = argv[1]
project = angr.Project(path_to_binary)
# Get an address just before opening the file with th simbolic content
# Or at least when the file is not going to suffer more changes before being read
start_address = 0x80488db
initial_state = project.factory.blank_state(addr=start_address)
# Specify the filena that is going to open
# Note that in theory, the filename could be symbolic.
filename = 'WCEXPXBW.txt'
symbolic_file_size_bytes = 64
# Create a BV which is going to be the content of the simbolic file
password = claripy.BVS('password', symbolic_file_size_bytes * 8)
# Create the file simulation with the simbolic content
password_file = angr.storage.SimFile(filename, content=password)
# Add the symbolic file we created to the symbolic filesystem.
initial_state.fs.insert(filename, password_file)
simulation = project.factory.simgr(initial_state)
def is_successful(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Good Job.'.encode() in stdout_output
def should_abort(state):
stdout_output = state.posix.dumps(sys.stdout.fileno())
return 'Try again.'.encode() in stdout_output
simulation.explore(find=is_successful, avoid=should_abort)
if simulation.found:
solution_state = simulation.found[0]
solution = solution_state.solver.eval(password,cast_to=bytes).decode()
print(solution)
else:
raise Exception('Could not find the solution')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main(sys.argv)
{% hint style="info" %} Note that the symbolic file could also contain constant data merged with symbolic data:
# Hello world, my name is John.
# ^ ^
# ^ address 0 ^ address 24 (count the number of characters)
# In order to represent this in memory, we would want to write the string to
# the beginning of the file:
#
# hello_txt_contents = claripy.BVV('Hello world, my name is John.', 30*8)
#
# Perhaps, then, we would want to replace John with a
# symbolic variable. We would call:
#
# name_bitvector = claripy.BVS('symbolic_name', 4*8)
#
# Then, after the program calls fopen('hello.txt', 'r') and then
# fread(buffer, sizeof(char), 30, hello_txt_file), the buffer would contain
# the string from the file, except four symbolic bytes where the name would be
# stored.
# (!)
{% endhint %}