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116 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
116 lines
5.8 KiB
Markdown
# Email Injections
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 (1) (2).png>)
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
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Get Access Today:
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{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
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* Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
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* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
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* **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
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* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
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</details>
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## Inject Cc and Bcc after sender argument
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```
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From:sender@domain.com%0ACc:recipient@domain.co,%0ABcc:recipient1@domain.com
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```
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The message will be sent to the recipient and recipient1 accounts.
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## Inject argument
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```
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From:sender@domain.com%0ATo:attacker@domain.com
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```
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The message will be sent to the original recipient and the attacker account.
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## Inject Subject argument
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```
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From:sender@domain.com%0ASubject:This is%20Fake%20Subject
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```
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The fake subject will be added to the original subject and in some cases will replace it. It depends on the mail service behavior.
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## Change the body of the message
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Inject a two-line feed, then write your message to change the body of the message.
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```
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From:sender@domain.com%0A%0AMy%20New%20%0Fake%20Message.
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```
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## PHP mail() function exploitation
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```bash
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# The function has the following definition:
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php --rf mail
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Function [ <internal:standard> function mail ] {
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- Parameters [5] {
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Parameter #0 [ <required> $to ]
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Parameter #1 [ <required> $subject ]
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Parameter #2 [ <required> $message ]
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Parameter #3 [ <optional> $additional_headers ]
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Parameter #4 [ <optional> $additional_parameters ]
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}
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}
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```
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### The 5th parameter ($additional\_parameters)
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This section is going to be based on **how to abuse this parameter supposing that an attacker controls it**.
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This parameter is going to be added to the command line PHP will be using to invoke the binary sendmail. However, it will be sanitised with the function `escapeshellcmd($additional_parameters)`.
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An attacker can **inject extract parameters for sendmail** in this case.
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#### Differences in the implementation of /usr/sbin/sendmail
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**sendmail** interface is **provided by the MTA email software** (Sendmail, Postfix, Exim etc.) installed on the system. Although the **basic functionality** (such as -t -i -f parameters) remains the **same** for compatibility reasons, **other functions and parameters** vary greatly depending on the MTA installed.
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Here are a few examples of different man pages of sendmail command/interface:
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* Sendmail MTA: http://www.sendmail.org/\~ca/email/man/sendmail.html
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* Postfix MTA: http://www.postfix.org/mailq.1.html
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* Exim MTA: https://linux.die.net/man/8/eximReferences
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Depending on the **origin of the sendmail** binary different options have been discovered to abuse them and l**eak files or even execute arbitrary commands**. Check how in [**https://exploitbox.io/paper/Pwning-PHP-Mail-Function-For-Fun-And-RCE.html**](https://exploitbox.io/paper/Pwning-PHP-Mail-Function-For-Fun-And-RCE.html)
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## References
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* [**https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/email-injection/**](https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/email-injection/)
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* [**https://exploitbox.io/paper/Pwning-PHP-Mail-Function-For-Fun-And-RCE.html**](https://exploitbox.io/paper/Pwning-PHP-Mail-Function-For-Fun-And-RCE.html)
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
|
|
|
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* Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
|
* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
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* Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
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* **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
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* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
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</details>
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 (1) (2).png>)
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\
|
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Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) to easily build and **automate workflows** powered by the world's **most advanced** community tools.\
|
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Get Access Today:
|
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|
|
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}
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