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152 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
152 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
# 143,993 - Pentesting IMAP
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## Internet Message Access Protocol
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As its name implies, IMAP allows you to **access your email messages wherever you are**; much of the time, it is accessed via the Internet. Basically, email **messages are stored on servers**. Whenever you check your inbox, your email client contacts the server to connect you with your messages. When you read an email message using IMAP, **you aren't actually downloading** or storing it on your computer; instead, you are **reading it off of the server**. As a result, it's possible to check your email from **several different devices** without missing a thing.
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By default, the IMAP protocol works on two ports:
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* **Port 143** - this is the default IMAP non-encrypted port
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* **Port 993** - this is the port you need to use if you want to connect using IMAP securely
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```text
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PORT STATE SERVICE REASON
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143/tcp open imap syn-ack
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```
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## Banner grabbing
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```bash
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nc -nv <IP> 143
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openssl s_client -connect <IP>:993 -quiet
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```
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### NTLM Auth - Information disclosure
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If the server supports NTLM auth \(Windows\) you can obtain sensitive info \(versions\):
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```text
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root@kali: telnet example.com 143
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* OK The Microsoft Exchange IMAP4 service is ready.
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>> a1 AUTHENTICATE NTLM
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+
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>> TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAB4IIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=
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+ TlRMTVNTUAACAAAACgAKADgAAAAFgooCBqqVKFrKPCMAAAAAAAAAAEgASABCAAAABgOAJQAAAA9JAEkAUwAwADEAAgAKAEkASQBTADAAMQABAAoASQBJAFMAMAAxAAQACgBJAEkAUwAwADEAAwAKAEkASQBTADAAMQAHAAgAHwMI0VPy1QEAAAAA
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```
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Or **automate** this with **nmap** plugin `imap-ntlm-info.nse`
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### [IMAP Bruteforce](../brute-force.md#imap)
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## Syntax
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```text
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Login
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A1 LOGIN username password
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Values can be quoted to enclose spaces and special characters. A " must then be escape with a \
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A1 LOGIN "username" "password"
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List Folders/Mailboxes
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A1 LIST "" *
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A1 LIST INBOX *
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A1 LIST "Archive" *
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Create new Folder/Mailbox
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A1 CREATE INBOX.Archive.2012
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A1 CREATE "To Read"
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Delete Folder/Mailbox
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A1 DELETE INBOX.Archive.2012
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A1 DELETE "To Read"
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Rename Folder/Mailbox
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A1 RENAME "INBOX.One" "INBOX.Two"
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List Subscribed Mailboxes
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A1 LSUB "" *
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Status of Mailbox (There are more flags than the ones listed)
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A1 STATUS INBOX (MESSAGES UNSEEN RECENT)
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Select a mailbox
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A1 SELECT INBOX
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List messages
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A1 FETCH 1:* (FLAGS)
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A1 UID FETCH 1:* (FLAGS)
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Retrieve Message Content
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A1 FETCH 2 body[text]
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A1 FETCH 2 all
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A1 UID FETCH 102 (UID RFC822.SIZE BODY.PEEK[])
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Close Mailbox
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A1 CLOSE
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Logout
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A1 LOGOUT
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```
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From [here](https://donsutherland.org/crib/imap)
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## CURL
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Basic navigation is possible with [CURL](https://ec.haxx.se/usingcurl/usingcurl-reademail#imap), but the documentation is light on details so checking the [source](https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/master/lib/imap.c) is recommended for precise details.
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1. Listing mailboxes \(imap command `LIST "" "*"`\)
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/' --user user:pass
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```
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2. Listing messages in a mailbox \(imap command `SELECT INBOX` and then `SEARCH ALL`\)
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX?ALL' --user user:pass
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```
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The result of this search is a list of message indicies.
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Its also possible to provide more complex search terms. e.g. searching for drafts with password in mail body:
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/Drafts?TEXT password' --user user:pass
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```
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A nice overview of the search terms possible is located [here](https://www.atmail.com/blog/imap-commands/).
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3. Downloading a message \(imap command `SELECT Drafts` and then `FETCH 1 BODY[]`\)
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/Drafts;MAILINDEX=1' --user user:pass
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```
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The mail index will be the same index returned from the search operation.
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It is also possible to use `UID` \(unique id\) to access messages, however it is less conveniant as the search command needs to be manually formatted. E.g.
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX' -X 'UID SEARCH ALL' --user user:pass
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX;UID=1' --user user:pass
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```
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Also, possible to download just parts of a message, e.g. subject and sender of first 5 messages \(the `-v` is required to see the subject and sender\):
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```bash
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$ curl -k 'imaps://1.2.3.4/INBOX' -X 'FETCH 1:5 BODY[HEADER.FIELDS (SUBJECT FROM)]' --user user:pass -v 2>&1 | grep '^<'
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```
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Although, its probably cleaner to just write a little for loop:
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```text
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for m in {1..5}; do
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echo $m
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curl "imap://1.2.3.4/INBOX;MAILINDEX=$m;SECTION=HEADER.FIELDS%20(SUBJECT%20FROM)" --user user:pass
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done
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```
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## Shodan
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* `port:143 CAPABILITY`
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* `port:993 CAPABILITY`
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