hacktricks/pentesting-web/reset-password.md

# Reset/Forgotten Password Bypass

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## **Password Reset Token Leak Via Referrer**

* The HTTP referer header may leak the password reset token if it's included in the URL. This can occur when a user clicks on a third-party website link after requesting a password reset.
* **Impact**: Potential account takeover via Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks.
* **References**:
  * [HackerOne Report 342693](https://hackerone.com/reports/342693)
  * [HackerOne Report 272379](https://hackerone.com/reports/272379)
  * [Password Reset Token Leak Article](https://medium.com/@rubiojhayz1234/toyotas-password-reset-token-and-email-address-leak-via-referer-header-b0ede6507c6a)

## **Password Reset Poisoning**

* Attackers may manipulate the Host header during password reset requests to point the reset link to a malicious site.
* **Patch**: Use `$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']` to construct password reset URLs instead of `$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']`.
* **Impact**: Leads to potential account takeover by leaking reset tokens to attackers.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Validate the Host header against a whitelist of allowed domains.
  * Use secure, server-side methods to generate absolute URLs.
* **References**:
  * [Acunetix Article on Password Reset Poisoning](https://www.acunetix.com/blog/articles/password-reset-poisoning/)

## **Password Reset By Manipulating Email Parameter**

* Attackers can manipulate the password reset request by adding additional email parameters to divert the reset link.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Properly parse and validate email parameters server-side.
  * Use prepared statements or parameterized queries to prevent injection attacks.
* **References**:
  * [Readme.com Account Takeover](https://medium.com/@0xankush/readme-com-account-takeover-bugbounty-fulldisclosure-a36ddbe915be)

## **Changing Email And Password of any User through API Parameters**

* Attackers can modify email and password parameters in API requests to change account credentials.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Ensure strict parameter validation and authentication checks.
  * Implement robust logging and monitoring to detect and respond to suspicious activities.
* **Reference**:
  * [Full Account Takeover via API Parameter Manipulation](https://medium.com/@adeshkolte/full-account-takeover-changing-email-and-password-of-any-user-through-api-parameters-3d527ab27240)

## **No Rate Limiting: Email Bombing**

* Lack of rate limiting on password reset requests can lead to email bombing, overwhelming the user with reset emails.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Implement rate limiting based on IP address or user account.
  * Use CAPTCHA challenges to prevent automated abuse.
* **References**:
  * [HackerOne Report 280534](https://hackerone.com/reports/280534)

## **Find out How Password Reset Token is Generated**

* Understanding the pattern or method behind token generation can lead to predicting or brute-forcing tokens.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Use strong, cryptographic methods for token generation.
  * Ensure sufficient randomness and length to prevent predictability.
* **Tools**: Use Burp Sequencer to analyze the randomness of tokens.

## **Guessable GUID**

* If GUIDs (e.g., version 1) are guessable or predictable, attackers may brute-force them to generate valid reset tokens.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Use GUID version 4 for randomness or implement additional security measures for other versions.
* **Tools**: Use [guidtool](https://github.com/intruder-io/guidtool) for analyzing and generating GUIDs.

## **Response Manipulation: Replace Bad Response With Good One**

* Manipulating HTTP responses to bypass error messages or restrictions.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Implement server-side checks to ensure response integrity.
  * Use secure communication channels like HTTPS to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks.
* **Reference**:
  * [Critical Bug in Live Bug Bounty Event](https://medium.com/@innocenthacker/how-i-found-the-most-critical-bug-in-live-bug-bounty-event-7a88b3aa97b3)

## **Using Expired Token**

* Testing whether expired tokens can still be used for password reset.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Implement strict token expiration policies and validate token expiry server-side.

## **Brute Force Password Reset Token**

* Attempting to brute-force the reset token using tools like Burpsuite and IP-Rotator to bypass IP-based rate limits.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Implement robust rate-limiting and account lockout mechanisms.
  * Monitor for suspicious activities indicative of brute-force attacks.

## **Try Using Your Token**

* Testing if an attacker's reset token can be used in conjunction with the victim's email.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Ensure that tokens are bound to the user session or other user-specific attributes.

## **Session Invalidation in Logout/Password Reset**

* Ensuring that sessions are invalidated when a user logs out or resets their password.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Implement proper session management, ensuring that all sessions are invalidated upon logout or password reset.

## **Session Invalidation in Logout/Password Reset**

* Reset tokens should have an expiration time after which they become invalid.
* **Mitigation Steps**:
  * Set a reasonable expiration time for reset tokens and strictly enforce it server-side.

## References

* [https://anugrahsr.github.io/posts/10-Password-reset-flaws/#10-try-using-your-token](https://anugrahsr.github.io/posts/10-Password-reset-flaws/#10-try-using-your-token)

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<details>

<summary><strong>Learn AWS hacking from zero to hero with</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>

Other ways to support HackTricks:

* If you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks** or **download HackTricks in PDF** Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** us on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
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