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https://github.com/The-Art-of-Hacking/h4cker
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4.7 KiB
4.7 KiB
Lab Automation - Ansible, Vagrant, and Terraform
| Attribute | Ansible | Vagrant | Terraform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Configuration Management Tool | Virtualization/Provisioning Tool | Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Tool |
| Primary Use Case | Application deployment, system configuration | Environment virtualization and provisioning | Provisioning and managing infrastructure |
| Declarative vs Procedural | Declarative | Declarative with some procedural elements | Declarative |
| State Management | Stateless (doesn't track state by default) | Stateless (doesn't track state) | Stateful (tracks infrastructure state) |
| Infrastructure Abstraction | Limited, primarily focuses on server configuration | Local VM/Container-based environments | Full cloud infrastructure abstraction |
| Supported Environments | Linux, Windows, Cloud Providers (AWS, GCP, Azure), Containers | Local environments (VirtualBox, VMware, Docker) | Cloud Providers (AWS, GCP, Azure), On-Premises, Containers |
| Provisioning Approach | Agentless, using SSH or WinRM to execute playbooks on nodes | Requires a local hypervisor or container engine | Agentless, communicates directly with cloud providers’ APIs |
| Idempotency | Yes (ensures same task doesn’t run again if no change is required) | No (relies on external tools for idempotency) | Yes (recreates infrastructure if there is drift) |
| Learning Curve | Moderate (YAML syntax, playbook concepts) | Easy (focuses on developer environments) | Moderate (HCL syntax, more complex logic) |
| Extensibility | Highly extensible via modules, roles, and plugins | Limited to providers and provisioners supported by Vagrant | Extensible with plugins and providers for different platforms |
| Language | YAML (Playbooks) | Ruby (Vagrantfiles) | HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) |
| Orchestration Support | Yes (can orchestrate multiple systems and services) | No (focuses on single-machine provisioning) | No (mainly focused on declarative infrastructure definition) |
| Community Support | Large community with many roles and modules | Large community with many base images (boxes) | Large community with many modules and providers |
| Integration with Cloud Providers | Yes (AWS, Azure, GCP, OpenStack, etc.) | Limited (through plugins or integrations) | Native integration with AWS, Azure, GCP, OpenStack, and many others |
| Agent Requirement | No (agentless) | No (runs locally on the host machine) | No (agentless) |
| Execution Model | Push model (centralized server pushes configurations to nodes) | Push model (runs commands locally) | Pull model (terraform plan/apply pulls configuration from state) |
| Version Control | Limited (primarily Playbook versioning through external VCS tools like Git) | Limited (primarily Vagrantfile versioning) | Full version control of infrastructure and state |
| Ease of Setup | Easy (requires Python and installation of Ansible) | Easy (requires installation of Vagrant and a hypervisor) | Moderate (requires configuration of providers and backends) |
| Error Handling | Advanced (supports complex error handling and retries) | Basic (relies on shell scripting for custom logic) | Basic (relies on external tools like Terraform Cloud for complex workflows) |
| Lifecycle Management | Good for configuration and application lifecycles, but not designed for full infrastructure lifecycle | Focused on environment lifecycle (create, destroy VMs/containers) | Excellent for full infrastructure lifecycle management (provision, update, delete) |
| Infrastructure as Code (IaC) | Yes, but primarily for configuration management, not infrastructure provisioning | No (more suited for dev environments than full IaC) | Yes (full infrastructure provisioning and management) |
| Multi-cloud Support | Yes (supports multi-cloud with various modules) | No (typically limited to local environments) | Yes (designed for multi-cloud and hybrid environments) |