bevy/examples/ecs
Carter Anderson dc3f801239 Exclusive Systems Now Implement System. Flexible Exclusive System Params (#6083)
# Objective

The [Stageless RFC](https://github.com/bevyengine/rfcs/pull/45) involves allowing exclusive systems to be referenced and ordered relative to parallel systems. We've agreed that unifying systems under `System` is the right move.

This is an alternative to #4166 (see rationale in the comments I left there). Note that this builds on the learnings established there (and borrows some patterns).

## Solution

This unifies parallel and exclusive systems under the shared `System` trait, removing the old `ExclusiveSystem` trait / impls. This is accomplished by adding a new `ExclusiveFunctionSystem` impl similar to `FunctionSystem`. It is backed by `ExclusiveSystemParam`, which is similar to `SystemParam`. There is a new flattened out SystemContainer api (which cuts out a lot of trait and type complexity). 

This means you can remove all cases of `exclusive_system()`:

```rust
// before
commands.add_system(some_system.exclusive_system());
// after
commands.add_system(some_system);
```

I've also implemented `ExclusiveSystemParam` for `&mut QueryState` and `&mut SystemState`, which makes this possible in exclusive systems:

```rust
fn some_exclusive_system(
    world: &mut World,
    transforms: &mut QueryState<&Transform>,
    state: &mut SystemState<(Res<Time>, Query<&Player>)>,
) {
    for transform in transforms.iter(world) {
        println!("{transform:?}");
    }
    let (time, players) = state.get(world);
    for player in players.iter() {
        println!("{player:?}");
    }
}
```

Note that "exclusive function systems" assume `&mut World` is present (and the first param). I think this is a fair assumption, given that the presence of `&mut World` is what defines the need for an exclusive system.

I added some targeted SystemParam `static` constraints, which removed the need for this:
``` rust
fn some_exclusive_system(state: &mut SystemState<(Res<'static, Time>, Query<&'static Player>)>) {}
```

## Related

- #2923
- #3001
- #3946

## Changelog

- `ExclusiveSystem` trait (and implementations) has been removed in favor of sharing the `System` trait.
- `ExclusiveFunctionSystem` and `ExclusiveSystemParam` were added, enabling flexible exclusive function systems
- `&mut SystemState` and `&mut QueryState` now implement `ExclusiveSystemParam`
- Exclusive and parallel System configuration is now done via a unified `SystemDescriptor`, `IntoSystemDescriptor`, and `SystemContainer` api.

## Migration Guide

Calling `.exclusive_system()` is no longer required (or supported) for converting exclusive system functions to exclusive systems:

```rust
// Old (0.8)
app.add_system(some_exclusive_system.exclusive_system());
// New (0.9)
app.add_system(some_exclusive_system);
```

Converting "normal" parallel systems to exclusive systems is done by calling the exclusive ordering apis:

```rust
// Old (0.8)
app.add_system(some_system.exclusive_system().at_end());
// New (0.9)
app.add_system(some_system.at_end());
```

Query state in exclusive systems can now be cached via ExclusiveSystemParams, which should be preferred for clarity and performance reasons:
```rust
// Old (0.8)
fn some_system(world: &mut World) {
  let mut transforms = world.query::<&Transform>();
  for transform in transforms.iter(world) {
  }
}
// New (0.9)
fn some_system(world: &mut World, transforms: &mut QueryState<&Transform>) {
  for transform in transforms.iter(world) {
  }
}
```
2022-09-26 23:57:07 +00:00
..
component_change_detection.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
custom_query_param.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
ecs_guide.rs Exclusive Systems Now Implement System. Flexible Exclusive System Params (#6083) 2022-09-26 23:57:07 +00:00
event.rs Make Resource trait opt-in, requiring #[derive(Resource)] V2 (#5577) 2022-08-08 21:36:35 +00:00
fixed_timestep.rs Split time functionality into bevy_time (#4187) 2022-05-26 00:27:18 +00:00
generic_system.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
hierarchy.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
iter_combinations.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
parallel_query.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
removal_detection.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
startup_system.rs Doc/module style doc blocks for examples (#4438) 2022-05-16 13:53:20 +00:00
state.rs Rename UiColor to BackgroundColor (#6087) 2022-09-25 00:39:17 +00:00
system_chaining.rs Make Resource trait opt-in, requiring #[derive(Resource)] V2 (#5577) 2022-08-08 21:36:35 +00:00
system_closure.rs Doc/module style doc blocks for examples (#4438) 2022-05-16 13:53:20 +00:00
system_param.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
system_sets.rs Remove last uses of string-labels (#5420) 2022-09-03 18:06:41 +00:00
timers.rs Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) 2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00