55 commits

Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Alice Cecile	de004da8d5	Rename bevy_render::Color to LegacyColor (#12069) ... # Objective The migration process for `bevy_color` (#12013) will be fairly involved: there will be hundreds of affected files, and a large number of APIs. ## Solution To allow us to proceed granularly, we're going to keep both `bevy_color::Color` (new) and `bevy_render::Color` (old) around until the migration is complete. However, simply doing this directly is confusing! They're both called `Color`, making it very hard to tell when a portion of the code has been ported. As discussed in #12056, by renaming the old `Color` type, we can make it easier to gradually migrate over, one API at a time. ## Migration Guide THIS MIGRATION GUIDE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. This change should not be shipped to end users: delete this section in the final migration guide! --------- Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecil@gmail.com>	2024-02-24 21:35:32 +00:00
Andrew	412fd64f09	revert PointLightBundle to DirectionalLightBundle change made to asset_loading example between 0.12.1 and 0.13.0 (#11935) ... # Objective - revert a single-line change made to `examples/asset/asset_loading` example between `v0.12.1` release and `v0.13.0` release which resulted in a too-bright, washed-out rendering ## Solution - reverted the changes made to this example between `v0.12.1` and `v0.13.0`	2024-02-18 07:42:54 +00:00
Carter Anderson	dd619a1087	New Exposure and Lighting Defaults (and calibrate examples) (#11868) ... # Objective After adding configurable exposure, we set the default ev100 value to `7` (indoor). This brought us out of sync with Blender's configuration and defaults. This PR changes the default to `9.7` (bright indoor or very overcast outdoors), as I calibrated in #11577. This feels like a very reasonable default. The other changes generally center around tweaking Bevy's lighting defaults and examples to play nicely with this number, alongside a few other tweaks and improvements. Note that for artistic reasons I have reverted some examples, which changed to directional lights in #11581, back to point lights. Fixes #11577 --- ## Changelog - Changed `Exposure::ev100` from `7` to `9.7` to better match Blender - Renamed `ExposureSettings` to `Exposure` - `Camera3dBundle` now includes `Exposure` for discoverability - Bumped `FULL_DAYLIGHT ` and `DIRECT_SUNLIGHT` to represent the middle-to-top of those ranges instead of near the bottom - Added new `AMBIENT_DAYLIGHT` constant and set that as the new `DirectionalLight` default illuminance. - `PointLight` and `SpotLight` now have a default `intensity` of 1,000,000 lumens. This makes them actually useful in the context of the new "semi-outdoor" exposure and puts them in the "cinema lighting" category instead of the "common household light" category. They are also reasonably close to the Blender default. - `AmbientLight` default has been bumped from `20` to `80`. ## Migration Guide - The increased `Exposure::ev100` means that all existing 3D lighting will need to be adjusted to match (DirectionalLights, PointLights, SpotLights, EnvironmentMapLights, etc). Or alternatively, you can adjust the `Exposure::ev100` on your cameras to work nicely with your current lighting values. If you are currently relying on default intensity values, you might need to change the intensity to achieve the same effect. Note that in Bevy 0.12, point/spot lights had a different hard coded ev100 value than directional lights. In Bevy 0.13, they use the same ev100, so if you have both in your scene, the _scale_ between these light types has changed and you will likely need to adjust one or both of them.	2024-02-15 20:42:48 +00:00
Doonv	dc9b486650	Change light defaults & fix light examples (#11581) ... # Objective Fix https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/11577. ## Solution Fix the examples, add a few constants to make setting light values easier, and change the default lighting settings to be more realistic. (Now designed for an overcast day instead of an indoor environment) --- I did not include any example-related changes in here. ## Changelogs (not including breaking changes) ### bevy_pbr - Added `light_consts` module (included in prelude), which contains common lux and lumen values for lights. - Added `AmbientLight::NONE` constant, which is an ambient light with a brightness of 0. - Added non-EV100 variants for `ExposureSettings`'s EV100 constants, which allow easier construction of an `ExposureSettings` from a EV100 constant. ## Breaking changes ### bevy_pbr The several default lighting values were changed: - `PointLight`'s default `intensity` is now `2000.0` - `SpotLight`'s default `intensity` is now `2000.0` - `DirectionalLight`'s default `illuminance` is now `light_consts::lux::OVERCAST_DAY` (`1000.`) - `AmbientLight`'s default `brightness` is now `20.0`	2024-02-14 20:43:10 +00:00
GitGhillie	9abf565138	Restore brightness in the remaining three examples after exposure PR (#11389) ... # Objective Fixes #11376 During the development of the exposure settings PR (#11347) all examples with lighting had to be adjusted, but three were missed or simply didn't exist yet at the time. This PR restores the brightness in those examples again: render_ui_to_texture asset_loading hot_asset_reloading All of them are a bit brighter now compared to before the exposure PR, but it looks better IMO.	2024-01-17 17:10:21 +00:00
Jacques Schutte	857fb9c724	Remove monkey.gltf (#9974) ... # Objective - Fixes #9967 ## Solution - Remove `monkey.gltf` - Added `torus.gltf`, which is two torus meshes joined together, to replace `monkey.gltf` in the examples ## Examples I made `torus.gltf` mainly so that the multiple_windows example clearly shows the different camera angles ### asset_loading  ### hot_asset_reloading  ### multiple_windows:  	2023-09-30 02:50:31 +00:00
Carter Anderson	5eb292dc10	Bevy Asset V2 (#8624) ... # Bevy Asset V2 Proposal ## Why Does Bevy Need A New Asset System? Asset pipelines are a central part of the gamedev process. Bevy's current asset system is missing a number of features that make it non-viable for many classes of gamedev. After plenty of discussions and [a long community feedback period](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/discussions/3972), we've identified a number missing features: * **Asset Preprocessing**: it should be possible to "preprocess" / "compile" / "crunch" assets at "development time" rather than when the game starts up. This enables offloading expensive work from deployed apps, faster asset loading, less runtime memory usage, etc. * **Per-Asset Loader Settings**: Individual assets cannot define their own loaders that override the defaults. Additionally, they cannot provide per-asset settings to their loaders. This is a huge limitation, as many asset types don't provide all information necessary for Bevy _inside_ the asset. For example, a raw PNG image says nothing about how it should be sampled (ex: linear vs nearest). * **Asset `.meta` files**: assets should have configuration files stored adjacent to the asset in question, which allows the user to configure asset-type-specific settings. These settings should be accessible during the pre-processing phase. Modifying a `.meta` file should trigger a re-processing / re-load of the asset. It should be possible to configure asset loaders from the meta file. * **Processed Asset Hot Reloading**: Changes to processed assets (or their dependencies) should result in re-processing them and re-loading the results in live Bevy Apps. * **Asset Dependency Tracking**: The current bevy_asset has no good way to wait for asset dependencies to load. It punts this as an exercise for consumers of the loader apis, which is unreasonable and error prone. There should be easy, ergonomic ways to wait for assets to load and block some logic on an asset's entire dependency tree loading. * **Runtime Asset Loading**: it should be (optionally) possible to load arbitrary assets dynamically at runtime. This necessitates being able to deploy and run the asset server alongside Bevy Apps on _all platforms_. For example, we should be able to invoke the shader compiler at runtime, stream scenes from sources like the internet, etc. To keep deployed binaries (and startup times) small, the runtime asset server configuration should be configurable with different settings compared to the "pre processor asset server". * **Multiple Backends**: It should be possible to load assets from arbitrary sources (filesystems, the internet, remote asset serves, etc). * **Asset Packing**: It should be possible to deploy assets in compressed "packs", which makes it easier and more efficient to distribute assets with Bevy Apps. * **Asset Handoff**: It should be possible to hold a "live" asset handle, which correlates to runtime data, without actually holding the asset in memory. Ex: it must be possible to hold a reference to a GPU mesh generated from a "mesh asset" without keeping the mesh data in CPU memory * **Per-Platform Processed Assets**: Different platforms and app distributions have different capabilities and requirements. Some platforms need lower asset resolutions or different asset formats to operate within the hardware constraints of the platform. It should be possible to define per-platform asset processing profiles. And it should be possible to deploy only the assets required for a given platform. These features have architectural implications that are significant enough to require a full rewrite. The current Bevy Asset implementation got us this far, but it can take us no farther. This PR defines a brand new asset system that implements most of these features, while laying the foundations for the remaining features to be built. ## Bevy Asset V2 Here is a quick overview of the features introduced in this PR. * **Asset Preprocessing**: Preprocess assets at development time into more efficient (and configurable) representations * **Dependency Aware**: Dependencies required to process an asset are tracked. If an asset's processed dependency changes, it will be reprocessed * **Hot Reprocessing/Reloading**: detect changes to asset source files, reprocess them if they have changed, and then hot-reload them in Bevy Apps. * **Only Process Changes**: Assets are only re-processed when their source file (or meta file) has changed. This uses hashing and timestamps to avoid processing assets that haven't changed. * **Transactional and Reliable**: Uses write-ahead logging (a technique commonly used by databases) to recover from crashes / forced-exits. Whenever possible it avoids full-reprocessing / only uncompleted transactions will be reprocessed. When the processor is running in parallel with a Bevy App, processor asset writes block Bevy App asset reads. Reading metadata + asset bytes is guaranteed to be transactional / correctly paired. * **Portable / Run anywhere / Database-free**: The processor does not rely on an in-memory database (although it uses some database techniques for reliability). This is important because pretty much all in-memory databases have unsupported platforms or build complications. * **Configure Processor Defaults Per File Type**: You can say "use this processor for all files of this type". * **Custom Processors**: The `Processor` trait is flexible and unopinionated. It can be implemented by downstream plugins. * **LoadAndSave Processors**: Most asset processing scenarios can be expressed as "run AssetLoader A, save the results using AssetSaver X, and then load the result using AssetLoader B". For example, load this png image using `PngImageLoader`, which produces an `Image` asset and then save it using `CompressedImageSaver` (which also produces an `Image` asset, but in a compressed format), which takes an `Image` asset as input. This means if you have an `AssetLoader` for an asset, you are already half way there! It also means that you can share AssetSavers across multiple loaders. Because `CompressedImageSaver` accepts Bevy's generic Image asset as input, it means you can also use it with some future `JpegImageLoader`. * **Loader and Saver Settings**: Asset Loaders and Savers can now define their own settings types, which are passed in as input when an asset is loaded / saved. Each asset can define its own settings. * **Asset `.meta` files**: configure asset loaders, their settings, enable/disable processing, and configure processor settings * **Runtime Asset Dependency Tracking** Runtime asset dependencies (ex: if an asset contains a `Handle<Image>`) are tracked by the asset server. An event is emitted when an asset and all of its dependencies have been loaded * **Unprocessed Asset Loading**: Assets do not require preprocessing. They can be loaded directly. A processed asset is just a "normal" asset with some extra metadata. Asset Loaders don't need to know or care about whether or not an asset was processed. * **Async Asset IO**: Asset readers/writers use async non-blocking interfaces. Note that because Rust doesn't yet support async traits, there is a bit of manual Boxing / Future boilerplate. This will hopefully be removed in the near future when Rust gets async traits. * **Pluggable Asset Readers and Writers**: Arbitrary asset source readers/writers are supported, both by the processor and the asset server. * **Better Asset Handles** * **Single Arc Tree**: Asset Handles now use a single arc tree that represents the lifetime of the asset. This makes their implementation simpler, more efficient, and allows us to cheaply attach metadata to handles. Ex: the AssetPath of a handle is now directly accessible on the handle itself! * **Const Typed Handles**: typed handles can be constructed in a const context. No more weird "const untyped converted to typed at runtime" patterns! * **Handles and Ids are Smaller / Faster To Hash / Compare**: Typed `Handle<T>` is now much smaller in memory and `AssetId<T>` is even smaller. * **Weak Handle Usage Reduction**: In general Handles are now considered to be "strong". Bevy features that previously used "weak `Handle<T>`" have been ported to `AssetId<T>`, which makes it statically clear that the features do not hold strong handles (while retaining strong type information). Currently Handle::Weak still exists, but it is very possible that we can remove that entirely. * **Efficient / Dense Asset Ids**: Assets now have efficient dense runtime asset ids, which means we can avoid expensive hash lookups. Assets are stored in Vecs instead of HashMaps. There are now typed and untyped ids, which means we no longer need to store dynamic type information in the ID for typed handles. "AssetPathId" (which was a nightmare from a performance and correctness standpoint) has been entirely removed in favor of dense ids (which are retrieved for a path on load) * **Direct Asset Loading, with Dependency Tracking**: Assets that are defined at runtime can still have their dependencies tracked by the Asset Server (ex: if you create a material at runtime, you can still wait for its textures to load). This is accomplished via the (currently optional) "asset dependency visitor" trait. This system can also be used to define a set of assets to load, then wait for those assets to load. * **Async folder loading**: Folder loading also uses this system and immediately returns a handle to the LoadedFolder asset, which means folder loading no longer blocks on directory traversals. * **Improved Loader Interface**: Loaders now have a specific "top level asset type", which makes returning the top-level asset simpler and statically typed. * **Basic Image Settings and Processing**: Image assets can now be processed into the gpu-friendly Basic Universal format. The ImageLoader now has a setting to define what format the image should be loaded as. Note that this is just a minimal MVP ... plenty of additional work to do here. To demo this, enable the `basis-universal` feature and turn on asset processing. * **Simpler Audio Play / AudioSink API**: Asset handle providers are cloneable, which means the Audio resource can mint its own handles. This means you can now do `let sink_handle = audio.play(music)` instead of `let sink_handle = audio_sinks.get_handle(audio.play(music))`. Note that this might still be replaced by https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/8424. **Removed Handle Casting From Engine Features**: Ex: FontAtlases no longer use casting between handle types ## Using The New Asset System ### Normal Unprocessed Asset Loading By default the `AssetPlugin` does not use processing. It behaves pretty much the same way as the old system. If you are defining a custom asset, first derive `Asset`: ```rust #[derive(Asset)] struct Thing { value: String, } ``` Initialize the asset: ```rust app.init_asset:<Thing>() ``` Implement a new `AssetLoader` for it: ```rust #[derive(Default)] struct ThingLoader; #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Default)] pub struct ThingSettings { some_setting: bool, } impl AssetLoader for ThingLoader { type Asset = Thing; type Settings = ThingSettings; fn load<'a>( &'a self, reader: &'a mut Reader, settings: &'a ThingSettings, load_context: &'a mut LoadContext, ) -> BoxedFuture<'a, Result<Thing, anyhow::Error>> { Box::pin(async move { let mut bytes = Vec::new(); reader.read_to_end(&mut bytes).await?; // convert bytes to value somehow Ok(Thing { value }) }) } fn extensions(&self) -> &[&str] { &["thing"] } } ``` Note that this interface will get much cleaner once Rust gets support for async traits. `Reader` is an async futures_io::AsyncRead. You can stream bytes as they come in or read them all into a `Vec<u8>`, depending on the context. You can use `let handle = load_context.load(path)` to kick off a dependency load, retrieve a handle, and register the dependency for the asset. Then just register the loader in your Bevy app: ```rust app.init_asset_loader::<ThingLoader>() ``` Now just add your `Thing` asset files into the `assets` folder and load them like this: ```rust fn system(asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) { let handle = Handle<Thing> = asset_server.load("cool.thing"); } ``` You can check load states directly via the asset server: ```rust if asset_server.load_state(&handle) == LoadState::Loaded { } ``` You can also listen for events: ```rust fn system(mut events: EventReader<AssetEvent<Thing>>, handle: Res<SomeThingHandle>) { for event in events.iter() { if event.is_loaded_with_dependencies(&handle) { } } } ``` Note the new `AssetEvent::LoadedWithDependencies`, which only fires when the asset is loaded _and_ all dependencies (and their dependencies) have loaded. Unlike the old asset system, for a given asset path all `Handle<T>` values point to the same underlying Arc. This means Handles can cheaply hold more asset information, such as the AssetPath: ```rust // prints the AssetPath of the handle info!("{:?}", handle.path()) ``` ### Processed Assets Asset processing can be enabled via the `AssetPlugin`. When developing Bevy Apps with processed assets, do this: ```rust app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(AssetPlugin::processed_dev())) ``` This runs the `AssetProcessor` in the background with hot-reloading. It reads assets from the `assets` folder, processes them, and writes them to the `.imported_assets` folder. Asset loads in the Bevy App will wait for a processed version of the asset to become available. If an asset in the `assets` folder changes, it will be reprocessed and hot-reloaded in the Bevy App. When deploying processed Bevy apps, do this: ```rust app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(AssetPlugin::processed())) ``` This does not run the `AssetProcessor` in the background. It behaves like `AssetPlugin::unprocessed()`, but reads assets from `.imported_assets`. When the `AssetProcessor` is running, it will populate sibling `.meta` files for assets in the `assets` folder. Meta files for assets that do not have a processor configured look like this: ```rust ( meta_format_version: "1.0", asset: Load( loader: "bevy_render::texture::image_loader::ImageLoader", settings: ( format: FromExtension, ), ), ) ``` This is metadata for an image asset. For example, if you have `assets/my_sprite.png`, this could be the metadata stored at `assets/my_sprite.png.meta`. Meta files are totally optional. If no metadata exists, the default settings will be used. In short, this file says "load this asset with the ImageLoader and use the file extension to determine the image type". This type of meta file is supported in all AssetPlugin modes. If in `Unprocessed` mode, the asset (with the meta settings) will be loaded directly. If in `ProcessedDev` mode, the asset file will be copied directly to the `.imported_assets` folder. The meta will also be copied directly to the `.imported_assets` folder, but with one addition: ```rust ( meta_format_version: "1.0", processed_info: Some(( hash: 12415480888597742505, full_hash: 14344495437905856884, process_dependencies: [], )), asset: Load( loader: "bevy_render::texture::image_loader::ImageLoader", settings: ( format: FromExtension, ), ), ) ``` `processed_info` contains `hash` (a direct hash of the asset and meta bytes), `full_hash` (a hash of `hash` and the hashes of all `process_dependencies`), and `process_dependencies` (the `path` and `full_hash` of every process_dependency). A "process dependency" is an asset dependency that is _directly_ used when processing the asset. Images do not have process dependencies, so this is empty. When the processor is enabled, you can use the `Process` metadata config: ```rust ( meta_format_version: "1.0", asset: Process( processor: "bevy_asset::processor::process::LoadAndSave<bevy_render::texture::image_loader::ImageLoader, bevy_render::texture::compressed_image_saver::CompressedImageSaver>", settings: ( loader_settings: ( format: FromExtension, ), saver_settings: ( generate_mipmaps: true, ), ), ), ) ``` This configures the asset to use the `LoadAndSave` processor, which runs an AssetLoader and feeds the result into an AssetSaver (which saves the given Asset and defines a loader to load it with). (for terseness LoadAndSave will likely get a shorter/friendlier type name when [Stable Type Paths](#7184) lands). `LoadAndSave` is likely to be the most common processor type, but arbitrary processors are supported. `CompressedImageSaver` saves an `Image` in the Basis Universal format and configures the ImageLoader to load it as basis universal. The `AssetProcessor` will read this meta, run it through the LoadAndSave processor, and write the basis-universal version of the image to `.imported_assets`. The final metadata will look like this: ```rust ( meta_format_version: "1.0", processed_info: Some(( hash: 905599590923828066, full_hash: 9948823010183819117, process_dependencies: [], )), asset: Load( loader: "bevy_render::texture::image_loader::ImageLoader", settings: ( format: Format(Basis), ), ), ) ``` To try basis-universal processing out in Bevy examples, (for example `sprite.rs`), change `add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)` to `add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(AssetPlugin::processed_dev()))` and run with the `basis-universal` feature enabled: `cargo run --features=basis-universal --example sprite`. To create a custom processor, there are two main paths: 1. Use the `LoadAndSave` processor with an existing `AssetLoader`. Implement the `AssetSaver` trait, register the processor using `asset_processor.register_processor::<LoadAndSave<ImageLoader, CompressedImageSaver>>(image_saver.into())`. 2. Implement the `Process` trait directly and register it using: `asset_processor.register_processor(thing_processor)`. You can configure default processors for file extensions like this: ```rust asset_processor.set_default_processor::<ThingProcessor>("thing") ``` There is one more metadata type to be aware of: ```rust ( meta_format_version: "1.0", asset: Ignore, ) ``` This will ignore the asset during processing / prevent it from being written to `.imported_assets`. The AssetProcessor stores a transaction log at `.imported_assets/log` and uses it to gracefully recover from unexpected stops. This means you can force-quit the processor (and Bevy Apps running the processor in parallel) at arbitrary times! `.imported_assets` is "local state". It should _not_ be checked into source control. It should also be considered "read only". In practice, you _can_ modify processed assets and processed metadata if you really need to test something. But those modifications will not be represented in the hashes of the assets, so the processed state will be "out of sync" with the source assets. The processor _will not_ fix this for you. Either revert the change after you have tested it, or delete the processed files so they can be re-populated. ## Open Questions There are a number of open questions to be discussed. We should decide if they need to be addressed in this PR and if so, how we will address them: ### Implied Dependencies vs Dependency Enumeration There are currently two ways to populate asset dependencies: * **Implied via AssetLoaders**: if an AssetLoader loads an asset (and retrieves a handle), a dependency is added to the list. * **Explicit via the optional Asset::visit_dependencies**: if `server.load_asset(my_asset)` is called, it will call `my_asset.visit_dependencies`, which will grab dependencies that have been manually defined for the asset via the Asset trait impl (which can be derived). This means that defining explicit dependencies is optional for "loaded assets". And the list of dependencies is always accurate because loaders can only produce Handles if they register dependencies. If an asset was loaded with an AssetLoader, it only uses the implied dependencies. If an asset was created at runtime and added with `asset_server.load_asset(MyAsset)`, it will use `Asset::visit_dependencies`. However this can create a behavior mismatch between loaded assets and equivalent "created at runtime" assets if `Assets::visit_dependencies` doesn't exactly match the dependencies produced by the AssetLoader. This behavior mismatch can be resolved by completely removing "implied loader dependencies" and requiring `Asset::visit_dependencies` to supply dependency data. But this creates two problems: * It makes defining loaded assets harder and more error prone: Devs must remember to manually annotate asset dependencies with `#[dependency]` when deriving `Asset`. For more complicated assets (such as scenes), the derive likely wouldn't be sufficient and a manual `visit_dependencies` impl would be required. * Removes the ability to immediately kick off dependency loads: When AssetLoaders retrieve a Handle, they also immediately kick off an asset load for the handle, which means it can start loading in parallel _before_ the asset finishes loading. For large assets, this could be significant. (although this could be mitigated for processed assets if we store dependencies in the processed meta file and load them ahead of time) ### Eager ProcessorDev Asset Loading I made a controversial call in the interest of fast startup times ("time to first pixel") for the "processor dev mode configuration". When initializing the AssetProcessor, current processed versions of unchanged assets are yielded immediately, even if their dependencies haven't been checked yet for reprocessing. This means that non-current-state-of-filesystem-but-previously-valid assets might be returned to the App first, then hot-reloaded if/when their dependencies change and the asset is reprocessed. Is this behavior desirable? There is largely one alternative: do not yield an asset from the processor to the app until all of its dependencies have been checked for changes. In some common cases (load dependency has not changed since last run) this will increase startup time. The main question is "by how much" and is that slower startup time worth it in the interest of only yielding assets that are true to the current state of the filesystem. Should this be configurable? I'm starting to think we should only yield an asset after its (historical) dependencies have been checked for changes + processed as necessary, but I'm curious what you all think. ### Paths Are Currently The Only Canonical ID / Do We Want Asset UUIDs? In this implementation AssetPaths are the only canonical asset identifier (just like the previous Bevy Asset system and Godot). Moving assets will result in re-scans (and currently reprocessing, although reprocessing can easily be avoided with some changes). Asset renames/moves will break code and assets that rely on specific paths, unless those paths are fixed up. Do we want / need "stable asset uuids"? Introducing them is very possible: 1. Generate a UUID and include it in .meta files 2. Support UUID in AssetPath 3. Generate "asset indices" which are loaded on startup and map UUIDs to paths. 4 (maybe). Consider only supporting UUIDs for processed assets so we can generate quick-to-load indices instead of scanning meta files. The main "pro" is that assets referencing UUIDs don't need to be migrated when a path changes. The main "con" is that UUIDs cannot be "lazily resolved" like paths. They need a full view of all assets to answer the question "does this UUID exist". Which means UUIDs require the AssetProcessor to fully finish startup scans before saying an asset doesnt exist. And they essentially require asset pre-processing to use in apps, because scanning all asset metadata files at runtime to resolve a UUID is not viable for medium-to-large apps. It really requires a pre-generated UUID index, which must be loaded before querying for assets. I personally think this should be investigated in a separate PR. Paths aren't going anywhere ... _everyone_ uses filesystems (and filesystem-like apis) to manage their asset source files. I consider them permanent canonical asset information. Additionally, they behave well for both processed and unprocessed asset modes. Given that Bevy is supporting both, this feels like the right canonical ID to start with. UUIDS (and maybe even other indexed-identifier types) can be added later as necessary. ### Folder / File Naming Conventions All asset processing config currently lives in the `.imported_assets` folder. The processor transaction log is in `.imported_assets/log`. Processed assets are added to `.imported_assets/Default`, which will make migrating to processed asset profiles (ex: a `.imported_assets/Mobile` profile) a non-breaking change. It also allows us to create top-level files like `.imported_assets/log` without it being interpreted as an asset. Meta files currently have a `.meta` suffix. Do we like these names and conventions? ### Should the `AssetPlugin::processed_dev` configuration enable `watch_for_changes` automatically? Currently it does (which I think makes sense), but it does make it the only configuration that enables watch_for_changes by default. ### Discuss on_loaded High Level Interface: This PR includes a very rough "proof of concept" `on_loaded` system adapter that uses the `LoadedWithDependencies` event in combination with `asset_server.load_asset` dependency tracking to support this pattern ```rust fn main() { App::new() .init_asset::<MyAssets>() .add_systems(Update, on_loaded(create_array_texture)) .run(); } #[derive(Asset, Clone)] struct MyAssets { #[dependency] picture_of_my_cat: Handle<Image>, #[dependency] picture_of_my_other_cat: Handle<Image>, } impl FromWorld for ArrayTexture { fn from_world(world: &mut World) -> Self { picture_of_my_cat: server.load("meow.png"), picture_of_my_other_cat: server.load("meeeeeeeow.png"), } } fn spawn_cat(In(my_assets): In<MyAssets>, mut commands: Commands) { commands.spawn(SpriteBundle { texture: my_assets.picture_of_my_cat.clone(), ..default() }); commands.spawn(SpriteBundle { texture: my_assets.picture_of_my_other_cat.clone(), ..default() }); } ``` The implementation is _very_ rough. And it is currently unsafe because `bevy_ecs` doesn't expose some internals to do this safely from inside `bevy_asset`. There are plenty of unanswered questions like: * "do we add a Loadable" derive? (effectively automate the FromWorld implementation above) * Should `MyAssets` even be an Asset? (largely implemented this way because it elegantly builds on `server.load_asset(MyAsset { .. })` dependency tracking). We should think hard about what our ideal API looks like (and if this is a pattern we want to support). Not necessarily something we need to solve in this PR. The current `on_loaded` impl should probably be removed from this PR before merging. ## Clarifying Questions ### What about Assets as Entities? This Bevy Asset V2 proposal implementation initially stored Assets as ECS Entities. Instead of `AssetId<T>` + the `Assets<T>` resource it used `Entity` as the asset id and Asset values were just ECS components. There are plenty of compelling reasons to do this: 1. Easier to inline assets in Bevy Scenes (as they are "just" normal entities + components) 2. More flexible queries: use the power of the ECS to filter assets (ex: `Query<Mesh, With<Tree>>`). 3. Extensible. Users can add arbitrary component data to assets. 4. Things like "component visualization tools" work out of the box to visualize asset data. However Assets as Entities has a ton of caveats right now: * We need to be able to allocate entity ids without a direct World reference (aka rework id allocator in Entities ... i worked around this in my prototypes by just pre allocating big chunks of entities) * We want asset change events in addition to ECS change tracking ... how do we populate them when mutations can come from anywhere? Do we use Changed queries? This would require iterating over the change data for all assets every frame. Is this acceptable or should we implement a new "event based" component change detection option? * Reconciling manually created assets with asset-system managed assets has some nuance (ex: are they "loaded" / do they also have that component metadata?) * "how do we handle "static" / default entity handles" (ties in to the Entity Indices discussion: https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/discussions/8319). This is necessary for things like "built in" assets and default handles in things like SpriteBundle. * Storing asset information as a component makes it easy to "invalidate" asset state by removing the component (or forcing modifications). Ideally we have ways to lock this down (some combination of Rust type privacy and ECS validation) In practice, how we store and identify assets is a reasonably superficial change (porting off of Assets as Entities and implementing dedicated storage + ids took less than a day). So once we sort out the remaining challenges the flip should be straightforward. Additionally, I do still have "Assets as Entities" in my commit history, so we can reuse that work. I personally think "assets as entities" is a good endgame, but it also doesn't provide _significant_ value at the moment and it certainly isn't ready yet with the current state of things. ### Why not Distill? [Distill](https://github.com/amethyst/distill) is a high quality fully featured asset system built in Rust. It is very natural to ask "why not just use Distill?". It is also worth calling out that for awhile, [we planned on adopting Distill / I signed off on it](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/708). However I think Bevy has a number of constraints that make Distill adoption suboptimal: * **Architectural Simplicity:** * Distill's processor requires an in-memory database (lmdb) and RPC networked API (using Cap'n Proto). Each of these introduces API complexity that increases maintenance burden and "code grokability". Ignoring tests, documentation, and examples, Distill has 24,237 lines of Rust code (including generated code for RPC + database interactions). If you ignore generated code, it has 11,499 lines. * Bevy builds the AssetProcessor and AssetServer using pluggable AssetReader/AssetWriter Rust traits with simple io interfaces. They do not necessitate databases or RPC interfaces (although Readers/Writers could use them if that is desired). Bevy Asset V2 (at the time of writing this PR) is 5,384 lines of Rust code (ignoring tests, documentation, and examples). Grain of salt: Distill does have more features currently (ex: Asset Packing, GUIDS, remote-out-of-process asset processor). I do plan to implement these features in Bevy Asset V2 and I personally highly doubt they will meaningfully close the 6115 lines-of-code gap. * This complexity gap (which while illustrated by lines of code, is much bigger than just that) is noteworthy to me. Bevy should be hackable and there are pillars of Distill that are very hard to understand and extend. This is a matter of opinion (and Bevy Asset V2 also has complicated areas), but I think Bevy Asset V2 is much more approachable for the average developer. * Necessary disclaimer: counting lines of code is an extremely rough complexity metric. Read the code and form your own opinions. * **Optional Asset Processing:** Not all Bevy Apps (or Bevy App developers) need / want asset preprocessing. Processing increases the complexity of the development environment by introducing things like meta files, imported asset storage, running processors in the background, waiting for processing to finish, etc. Distill _requires_ preprocessing to work. With Bevy Asset V2 processing is fully opt-in. The AssetServer isn't directly aware of asset processors at all. AssetLoaders only care about converting bytes to runtime Assets ... they don't know or care if the bytes were pre-processed or not. Processing is "elegantly" (forgive my self-congratulatory phrasing) layered on top and builds on the existing Asset system primitives. * **Direct Filesystem Access to Processed Asset State:** Distill stores processed assets in a database. This makes debugging / inspecting the processed outputs harder (either requires special tooling to query the database or they need to be "deployed" to be inspected). Bevy Asset V2, on the other hand, stores processed assets in the filesystem (by default ... this is configurable). This makes interacting with the processed state more natural. Note that both Godot and Unity's new asset system store processed assets in the filesystem. * **Portability**: Because Distill's processor uses lmdb and RPC networking, it cannot be run on certain platforms (ex: lmdb is a non-rust dependency that cannot run on the web, some platforms don't support running network servers). Bevy should be able to process assets everywhere (ex: run the Bevy Editor on the web, compile + process shaders on mobile, etc). Distill does partially mitigate this problem by supporting "streaming" assets via the RPC protocol, but this is not a full solve from my perspective. And Bevy Asset V2 can (in theory) also stream assets (without requiring RPC, although this isn't implemented yet) Note that I _do_ still think Distill would be a solid asset system for Bevy. But I think the approach in this PR is a better solve for Bevy's specific "asset system requirements". ### Doesn't async-fs just shim requests to "sync" `std::fs`? What is the point? "True async file io" has limited / spotty platform support. async-fs (and the rust async ecosystem generally ... ex Tokio) currently use async wrappers over std::fs that offload blocking requests to separate threads. This may feel unsatisfying, but it _does_ still provide value because it prevents our task pools from blocking on file system operations (which would prevent progress when there are many tasks to do, but all threads in a pool are currently blocking on file system ops). Additionally, using async APIs for our AssetReaders and AssetWriters also provides value because we can later add support for "true async file io" for platforms that support it. _And_ we can implement other "true async io" asset backends (such as networked asset io). ## Draft TODO - [x] Fill in missing filesystem event APIs: file removed event (which is expressed as dangling RenameFrom events in some cases), file/folder renamed event - [x] Assets without loaders are not moved to the processed folder. This breaks things like referenced `.bin` files for GLTFs. This should be configurable per-non-asset-type. - [x] Initial implementation of Reflect and FromReflect for Handle. The "deserialization" parity bar is low here as this only worked with static UUIDs in the old impl ... this is a non-trivial problem. Either we add a Handle::AssetPath variant that gets "upgraded" to a strong handle on scene load or we use a separate AssetRef type for Bevy scenes (which is converted to a runtime Handle on load). This deserves its own discussion in a different pr. - [x] Populate read_asset_bytes hash when run by the processor (a bit of a special case .. when run by the processor the processed meta will contain the hash so we don't need to compute it on the spot, but we don't want/need to read the meta when run by the main AssetServer) - [x] Delay hot reloading: currently filesystem events are handled immediately, which creates timing issues in some cases. For example hot reloading images can sometimes break because the image isn't finished writing. We should add a delay, likely similar to the [implementation in this PR](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/8503). - [x] Port old platform-specific AssetIo implementations to the new AssetReader interface (currently missing Android and web) - [x] Resolve on_loaded unsafety (either by removing the API entirely or removing the unsafe) - [x] Runtime loader setting overrides - [x] Remove remaining unwraps that should be error-handled. There are number of TODOs here - [x] Pretty AssetPath Display impl - [x] Document more APIs - [x] Resolve spurious "reloading because it has changed" events (to repro run load_gltf with `processed_dev()`) - [x] load_dependency hot reloading currently only works for processed assets. If processing is disabled, load_dependency changes are not hot reloaded. - [x] Replace AssetInfo dependency load/fail counters with `loading_dependencies: HashSet<UntypedAssetId>` to prevent reloads from (potentially) breaking counters. Storing this will also enable "dependency reloaded" events (see [Next Steps](#next-steps)) - [x] Re-add filesystem watcher cargo feature gate (currently it is not optional) - [ ] Migration Guide - [ ] Changelog ## Followup TODO - [ ] Replace "eager unchanged processed asset loading" behavior with "don't returned unchanged processed asset until dependencies have been checked". - [ ] Add true `Ignore` AssetAction that does not copy the asset to the imported_assets folder. - [ ] Finish "live asset unloading" (ex: free up CPU asset memory after uploading an image to the GPU), rethink RenderAssets, and port renderer features. The `Assets` collection uses `Option<T>` for asset storage to support its removal. (1) the Option might not actually be necessary ... might be able to just remove from the collection entirely (2) need to finalize removal apis - [ ] Try replacing the "channel based" asset id recycling with something a bit more efficient (ex: we might be able to use raw atomic ints with some cleverness) - [ ] Consider adding UUIDs to processed assets (scoped just to helping identify moved assets ... not exposed to load queries ... see [Next Steps](#next-steps)) - [ ] Store "last modified" source asset and meta timestamps in processed meta files to enable skipping expensive hashing when the file wasn't changed - [ ] Fix "slow loop" handle drop fix - [ ] Migrate to TypeName - [x] Handle "loader preregistration". See #9429 ## Next Steps * **Configurable per-type defaults for AssetMeta**: It should be possible to add configuration like "all png image meta should default to using nearest sampling" (currently this hard-coded per-loader/processor Settings::default() impls). Also see the "Folder Meta" bullet point. * **Avoid Reprocessing on Asset Renames / Moves**: See the "canonical asset ids" discussion in [Open Questions](#open-questions) and the relevant bullet point in [Draft TODO](#draft-todo). Even without canonical ids, folder renames could avoid reprocessing in some cases. * **Multiple Asset Sources**: Expand AssetPath to support "asset source names" and support multiple AssetReaders in the asset server (ex: `webserver://some_path/image.png` backed by an Http webserver AssetReader). The "default" asset reader would use normal `some_path/image.png` paths. Ideally this works in combination with multiple AssetWatchers for hot-reloading * **Stable Type Names**: this pr removes the TypeUuid requirement from assets in favor of `std::any::type_name`. This makes defining assets easier (no need to generate a new uuid / use weird proc macro syntax). It also makes reading meta files easier (because things have "friendly names"). We also use type names for components in scene files. If they are good enough for components, they are good enough for assets. And consistency across Bevy pillars is desirable. However, `std::any::type_name` is not guaranteed to be stable (although in practice it is). We've developed a [stable type path](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/7184) to resolve this, which should be adopted when it is ready. * **Command Line Interface**: It should be possible to run the asset processor in a separate process from the command line. This will also require building a network-server-backed AssetReader to communicate between the app and the processor. We've been planning to build a "bevy cli" for awhile. This seems like a good excuse to build it. * **Asset Packing**: This is largely an additive feature, so it made sense to me to punt this until we've laid the foundations in this PR. * **Per-Platform Processed Assets**: It should be possible to generate assets for multiple platforms by supporting multiple "processor profiles" per asset (ex: compress with format X on PC and Y on iOS). I think there should probably be arbitrary "profiles" (which can be separate from actual platforms), which are then assigned to a given platform when generating the final asset distribution for that platform. Ex: maybe devs want a "Mobile" profile that is shared between iOS and Android. Or a "LowEnd" profile shared between web and mobile. * **Versioning and Migrations**: Assets, Loaders, Savers, and Processors need to have versions to determine if their schema is valid. If an asset / loader version is incompatible with the current version expected at runtime, the processor should be able to migrate them. I think we should try using Bevy Reflect for this, as it would allow us to load the old version as a dynamic Reflect type without actually having the old Rust type. It would also allow us to define "patches" to migrate between versions (Bevy Reflect devs are currently working on patching). The `.meta` file already has its own format version. Migrating that to new versions should also be possible. * **Real Copy-on-write AssetPaths**: Rust's actual Cow (clone-on-write type) currently used by AssetPath can still result in String clones that aren't actually necessary (cloning an Owned Cow clones the contents). Bevy's asset system requires cloning AssetPaths in a number of places, which result in actual clones of the internal Strings. This is not efficient. AssetPath internals should be reworked to exhibit truer cow-like-behavior that reduces String clones to the absolute minimum. * **Consider processor-less processing**: In theory the AssetServer could run processors "inline" even if the background AssetProcessor is disabled. If we decide this is actually desirable, we could add this. But I don't think its a priority in the short or medium term. * **Pre-emptive dependency loading**: We could encode dependencies in processed meta files, which could then be used by the Asset Server to kick of dependency loads as early as possible (prior to starting the actual asset load). Is this desirable? How much time would this save in practice? * **Optimize Processor With UntypedAssetIds**: The processor exclusively uses AssetPath to identify assets currently. It might be possible to swap these out for UntypedAssetIds in some places, which are smaller / cheaper to hash and compare. * **One to Many Asset Processing**: An asset source file that produces many assets currently must be processed into a single "processed" asset source. If labeled assets can be written separately they can each have their own configured savers _and_ they could be loaded more granularly. Definitely worth exploring! * **Automatically Track "Runtime-only" Asset Dependencies**: Right now, tracking "created at runtime" asset dependencies requires adding them via `asset_server.load_asset(StandardMaterial::default())`. I think with some cleverness we could also do this for `materials.add(StandardMaterial::default())`, making tracking work "everywhere". There are challenges here relating to change detection / ensuring the server is made aware of dependency changes. This could be expensive in some cases. * **"Dependency Changed" events**: Some assets have runtime artifacts that need to be re-generated when one of their dependencies change (ex: regenerate a material's bind group when a Texture needs to change). We are generating the dependency graph so we can definitely produce these events. Buuuuut generating these events will have a cost / they could be high frequency for some assets, so we might want this to be opt-in for specific cases. * **Investigate Storing More Information In Handles**: Handles can now store arbitrary information, which makes it cheaper and easier to access. How much should we move into them? Canonical asset load states (via atomics)? (`handle.is_loaded()` would be very cool). Should we store the entire asset and remove the `Assets<T>` collection? (`Arc<RwLock<Option<Image>>>`?) * **Support processing and loading files without extensions**: This is a pretty arbitrary restriction and could be supported with very minimal changes. * **Folder Meta**: It would be nice if we could define per folder processor configuration defaults (likely in a `.meta` or `.folder_meta` file). Things like "default to linear filtering for all Images in this folder". * **Replace async_broadcast with event-listener?** This might be approximately drop-in for some uses and it feels more light weight * **Support Running the AssetProcessor on the Web**: Most of the hard work is done here, but there are some easy straggling TODOs (make the transaction log an interface instead of a direct file writer so we can write a web storage backend, implement an AssetReader/AssetWriter that reads/writes to something like LocalStorage). * **Consider identifying and preventing circular dependencies**: This is especially important for "processor dependencies", as processing will silently never finish in these cases. * **Built-in/Inlined Asset Hot Reloading**: This PR regresses "built-in/inlined" asset hot reloading (previously provided by the DebugAssetServer). I'm intentionally punting this because I think it can be cleanly implemented with "multiple asset sources" by registering a "debug asset source" (ex: `debug://bevy_pbr/src/render/pbr.wgsl` asset paths) in combination with an AssetWatcher for that asset source and support for "manually loading pats with asset bytes instead of AssetReaders". The old DebugAssetServer was quite nasty and I'd love to avoid that hackery going forward. * **Investigate ways to remove double-parsing meta files**: Parsing meta files currently involves parsing once with "minimal" versions of the meta file to extract the type name of the loader/processor config, then parsing again to parse the "full" meta. This is suboptimal. We should be able to define custom deserializers that (1) assume the loader/processor type name comes first (2) dynamically looks up the loader/processor registrations to deserialize settings in-line (similar to components in the bevy scene format). Another alternative: deserialize as dynamic Reflect objects and then convert. * **More runtime loading configuration**: Support using the Handle type as a hint to select an asset loader (instead of relying on AssetPath extensions) * **More high level Processor trait implementations**: For example, it might be worth adding support for arbitrary chains of "asset transforms" that modify an in-memory asset representation between loading and saving. (ex: load a Mesh, run a `subdivide_mesh` transform, followed by a `flip_normals` transform, then save the mesh to an efficient compressed format). * **Bevy Scene Handle Deserialization**: (see the relevant [Draft TODO item](#draft-todo) for context) * **Explore High Level Load Interfaces**: See [this discussion](#discuss-on_loaded-high-level-interface) for one prototype. * **Asset Streaming**: It would be great if we could stream Assets (ex: stream a long video file piece by piece) * **ID Exchanging**: In this PR Asset Handles/AssetIds are bigger than they need to be because they have a Uuid enum variant. If we implement an "id exchanging" system that trades Uuids for "efficient runtime ids", we can cut down on the size of AssetIds, making them more efficient. This has some open design questions, such as how to spawn entities with "default" handle values (as these wouldn't have access to the exchange api in the current system). * **Asset Path Fixup Tooling**: Assets that inline asset paths inside them will break when an asset moves. The asset system provides the functionality to detect when paths break. We should build a framework that enables formats to define "path migrations". This is especially important for scene files. For editor-generated files, we should also consider using UUIDs (see other bullet point) to avoid the need to migrate in these cases. --------- Co-authored-by: BeastLe9enD <beastle9end@outlook.de> Co-authored-by: Mike <mike.hsu@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Nicola Papale <nicopap@users.noreply.github.com>	2023-09-07 02:07:27 +00:00
Carter Anderson	aefe1f0739	Schedule-First: the new and improved add_systems (#8079) ... Co-authored-by: Mike <mike.hsu@gmail.com>	2023-03-18 01:45:34 +00:00
Carter Anderson	01aedc8431	Spawn now takes a Bundle (#6054) ... # Objective Now that we can consolidate Bundles and Components under a single insert (thanks to #2975 and #6039), almost 100% of world spawns now look like `world.spawn().insert((Some, Tuple, Here))`. Spawning an entity without any components is an extremely uncommon pattern, so it makes sense to give spawn the "first class" ergonomic api. This consolidated api should be made consistent across all spawn apis (such as World and Commands). ## Solution All `spawn` apis (`World::spawn`, `Commands:;spawn`, `ChildBuilder::spawn`, and `WorldChildBuilder::spawn`) now accept a bundle as input: ```rust // before: commands .spawn() .insert((A, B, C)); world .spawn() .insert((A, B, C); // after commands.spawn((A, B, C)); world.spawn((A, B, C)); ``` All existing instances of `spawn_bundle` have been deprecated in favor of the new `spawn` api. A new `spawn_empty` has been added, replacing the old `spawn` api. By allowing `world.spawn(some_bundle)` to replace `world.spawn().insert(some_bundle)`, this opened the door to removing the initial entity allocation in the "empty" archetype / table done in `spawn()` (and subsequent move to the actual archetype in `.insert(some_bundle)`). This improves spawn performance by over 10%:  To take this measurement, I added a new `world_spawn` benchmark. Unfortunately, optimizing `Commands::spawn` is slightly less trivial, as Commands expose the Entity id of spawned entities prior to actually spawning. Doing the optimization would (naively) require assurances that the `spawn(some_bundle)` command is applied before all other commands involving the entity (which would not necessarily be true, if memory serves). Optimizing `Commands::spawn` this way does feel possible, but it will require careful thought (and maybe some additional checks), which deserves its own PR. For now, it has the same performance characteristics of the current `Commands::spawn_bundle` on main. **Note that 99% of this PR is simple renames and refactors. The only code that needs careful scrutiny is the new `World::spawn()` impl, which is relatively straightforward, but it has some new unsafe code (which re-uses battle tested BundlerSpawner code path).** --- ## Changelog - All `spawn` apis (`World::spawn`, `Commands:;spawn`, `ChildBuilder::spawn`, and `WorldChildBuilder::spawn`) now accept a bundle as input - All instances of `spawn_bundle` have been deprecated in favor of the new `spawn` api - World and Commands now have `spawn_empty()`, which is equivalent to the old `spawn()` behavior. ## Migration Guide ```rust // Old (0.8): commands .spawn() .insert_bundle((A, B, C)); // New (0.9) commands.spawn((A, B, C)); // Old (0.8): commands.spawn_bundle((A, B, C)); // New (0.9) commands.spawn((A, B, C)); // Old (0.8): let entity = commands.spawn().id(); // New (0.9) let entity = commands.spawn_empty().id(); // Old (0.8) let entity = world.spawn().id(); // New (0.9) let entity = world.spawn_empty(); ```	2022-09-23 19:55:54 +00:00
Carter Anderson	f487407e07	Camera Driven Rendering (#4745) ... This adds "high level camera driven rendering" to Bevy. The goal is to give users more control over what gets rendered (and where) without needing to deal with render logic. This will make scenarios like "render to texture", "multiple windows", "split screen", "2d on 3d", "3d on 2d", "pass layering", and more significantly easier. Here is an [example of a 2d render sandwiched between two 3d renders (each from a different perspective)](https://gist.github.com/cart/4fe56874b2e53bc5594a182fc76f4915):  Users can now spawn a camera, point it at a RenderTarget (a texture or a window), and it will "just work". Rendering to a second window is as simple as spawning a second camera and assigning it to a specific window id: ```rust // main camera (main window) commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle::default()); // second camera (other window) commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle { camera: Camera { target: RenderTarget::Window(window_id), ..default() }, ..default() }); ``` Rendering to a texture is as simple as pointing the camera at a texture: ```rust commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle { camera: Camera { target: RenderTarget::Texture(image_handle), ..default() }, ..default() }); ``` Cameras now have a "render priority", which controls the order they are drawn in. If you want to use a camera's output texture as a texture in the main pass, just set the priority to a number lower than the main pass camera (which defaults to `0`). ```rust // main pass camera with a default priority of 0 commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle::default()); commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle { camera: Camera { target: RenderTarget::Texture(image_handle.clone()), priority: -1, ..default() }, ..default() }); commands.spawn_bundle(SpriteBundle { texture: image_handle, ..default() }) ``` Priority can also be used to layer to cameras on top of each other for the same RenderTarget. This is what "2d on top of 3d" looks like in the new system: ```rust commands.spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle::default()); commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle { camera: Camera { // this will render 2d entities "on top" of the default 3d camera's render priority: 1, ..default() }, ..default() }); ``` There is no longer the concept of a global "active camera". Resources like `ActiveCamera<Camera2d>` and `ActiveCamera<Camera3d>` have been replaced with the camera-specific `Camera::is_active` field. This does put the onus on users to manage which cameras should be active. Cameras are now assigned a single render graph as an "entry point", which is configured on each camera entity using the new `CameraRenderGraph` component. The old `PerspectiveCameraBundle` and `OrthographicCameraBundle` (generic on camera marker components like Camera2d and Camera3d) have been replaced by `Camera3dBundle` and `Camera2dBundle`, which set 3d and 2d default values for the `CameraRenderGraph` and projections. ```rust // old 3d perspective camera commands.spawn_bundle(PerspectiveCameraBundle::default()) // new 3d perspective camera commands.spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle::default()) ``` ```rust // old 2d orthographic camera commands.spawn_bundle(OrthographicCameraBundle::new_2d()) // new 2d orthographic camera commands.spawn_bundle(Camera2dBundle::default()) ``` ```rust // old 3d orthographic camera commands.spawn_bundle(OrthographicCameraBundle::new_3d()) // new 3d orthographic camera commands.spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle { projection: OrthographicProjection { scale: 3.0, scaling_mode: ScalingMode::FixedVertical, ..default() }.into(), ..default() }) ``` Note that `Camera3dBundle` now uses a new `Projection` enum instead of hard coding the projection into the type. There are a number of motivators for this change: the render graph is now a part of the bundle, the way "generic bundles" work in the rust type system prevents nice `..default()` syntax, and changing projections at runtime is much easier with an enum (ex for editor scenarios). I'm open to discussing this choice, but I'm relatively certain we will all come to the same conclusion here. Camera2dBundle and Camera3dBundle are much clearer than being generic on marker components / using non-default constructors. If you want to run a custom render graph on a camera, just set the `CameraRenderGraph` component: ```rust commands.spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle { camera_render_graph: CameraRenderGraph::new(some_render_graph_name), ..default() }) ``` Just note that if the graph requires data from specific components to work (such as `Camera3d` config, which is provided in the `Camera3dBundle`), make sure the relevant components have been added. Speaking of using components to configure graphs / passes, there are a number of new configuration options: ```rust commands.spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle { camera_3d: Camera3d { // overrides the default global clear color clear_color: ClearColorConfig::Custom(Color::RED), ..default() }, ..default() }) commands.spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle { camera_3d: Camera3d { // disables clearing clear_color: ClearColorConfig::None, ..default() }, ..default() }) ``` Expect to see more of the "graph configuration Components on Cameras" pattern in the future. By popular demand, UI no longer requires a dedicated camera. `UiCameraBundle` has been removed. `Camera2dBundle` and `Camera3dBundle` now both default to rendering UI as part of their own render graphs. To disable UI rendering for a camera, disable it using the CameraUi component: ```rust commands .spawn_bundle(Camera3dBundle::default()) .insert(CameraUi { is_enabled: false, ..default() }) ``` ## Other Changes * The separate clear pass has been removed. We should revisit this for things like sky rendering, but I think this PR should "keep it simple" until we're ready to properly support that (for code complexity and performance reasons). We can come up with the right design for a modular clear pass in a followup pr. * I reorganized bevy_core_pipeline into Core2dPlugin and Core3dPlugin (and core_2d / core_3d modules). Everything is pretty much the same as before, just logically separate. I've moved relevant types (like Camera2d, Camera3d, Camera3dBundle, Camera2dBundle) into their relevant modules, which is what motivated this reorganization. * I adapted the `scene_viewer` example (which relied on the ActiveCameras behavior) to the new system. I also refactored bits and pieces to be a bit simpler. * All of the examples have been ported to the new camera approach. `render_to_texture` and `multiple_windows` are now _much_ simpler. I removed `two_passes` because it is less relevant with the new approach. If someone wants to add a new "layered custom pass with CameraRenderGraph" example, that might fill a similar niche. But I don't feel much pressure to add that in this pr. * Cameras now have `target_logical_size` and `target_physical_size` fields, which makes finding the size of a camera's render target _much_ simpler. As a result, the `Assets<Image>` and `Windows` parameters were removed from `Camera::world_to_screen`, making that operation much more ergonomic. * Render order ambiguities between cameras with the same target and the same priority now produce a warning. This accomplishes two goals: 1. Now that there is no "global" active camera, by default spawning two cameras will result in two renders (one covering the other). This would be a silent performance killer that would be hard to detect after the fact. By detecting ambiguities, we can provide a helpful warning when this occurs. 2. Render order ambiguities could result in unexpected / unpredictable render results. Resolving them makes sense. ## Follow Up Work * Per-Camera viewports, which will make it possible to render to a smaller area inside of a RenderTarget (great for something like splitscreen) * Camera-specific MSAA config (should use the same "overriding" pattern used for ClearColor) * Graph Based Camera Ordering: priorities are simple, but they make complicated ordering constraints harder to express. We should consider adopting a "graph based" camera ordering model with "before" and "after" relationships to other cameras (or build it "on top" of the priority system). * Consider allowing graphs to run subgraphs from any nest level (aka a global namespace for graphs). Right now the 2d and 3d graphs each need their own UI subgraph, which feels "fine" in the short term. But being able to share subgraphs between other subgraphs seems valuable. * Consider splitting `bevy_core_pipeline` into `bevy_core_2d` and `bevy_core_3d` packages. Theres a shared "clear color" dependency here, which would need a new home.	2022-06-02 00:12:17 +00:00
Thierry Berger	99e689cfd2	remove unneeded msaa explicit addition from examples (#4830) ... # Objective - Coming from 7a596f1910 (r876310734) - Simplify the examples regarding addition of `Msaa` Resource with default value. ## Solution - Remove addition of `Msaa` Resource with default value from examples,	2022-05-27 20:52:12 +00:00
Mark Schmale	1ba7429371	Doc/module style doc blocks for examples (#4438) ... # Objective Provide a starting point for #3951, or a partial solution. Providing a few comment blocks to discuss, and hopefully find better one in the process. ## Solution Since I am pretty new to pretty much anything in this context, I figured I'd just start with a draft for some file level doc blocks. For some of them I found more relevant details (or at least things I considered interessting), for some others there is less. ## Changelog - Moved some existing comments from main() functions in the 2d examples to the file header level - Wrote some more comment blocks for most other 2d examples TODO: - [x] 2d/sprite_sheet, wasnt able to come up with something good yet - [x] all other example groups... Also: Please let me know if the commit style is okay, or to verbose. I could certainly squash these things, or add more details if needed. I also hope its okay to raise this PR this early, with just a few files changed. Took me long enough and I dont wanted to let it go to waste because I lost motivation to do the whole thing. Additionally I am somewhat uncertain over the style and contents of the commets. So let me know what you thing please.	2022-05-16 13:53:20 +00:00
Carter Anderson	b6a647cc01	default() shorthand (#4071) ... Adds a `default()` shorthand for `Default::default()` ... because life is too short to constantly type `Default::default()`. ```rust use bevy::prelude::*; #[derive(Default)] struct Foo { bar: usize, baz: usize, } // Normally you would do this: let foo = Foo { bar: 10, ..Default::default() }; // But now you can do this: let foo = Foo { bar: 10, ..default() }; ``` The examples have been adapted to use `..default()`. I've left internal crates as-is for now because they don't pull in the bevy prelude, and the ergonomics of each case should be considered individually.	2022-03-01 20:52:09 +00:00
François	b724a0f586	Down with the system! (#2496) ... # Objective - Remove all the `.system()` possible. - Check for remaining missing cases. ## Solution - Remove all `.system()`, fix compile errors - 32 calls to `.system()` remains, mostly internals, the few others should be removed after #2446	2021-07-27 23:42:36 +00:00
bjorn3	6d6bc2a8b4	Merge AppBuilder into App (#2531) ... This is extracted out of eb8f973646476b4a4926ba644a77e2b3a5772159 and includes some additional changes to remove all references to AppBuilder and fix examples that still used App::build() instead of App::new(). In addition I didn't extract the sub app feature as it isn't ready yet. You can use `git diff --diff-filter=M eb8f973646476b4a4926ba644a77e2b3a5772159` to find all differences in this PR. The `--diff-filtered=M` filters all files added in the original commit but not in this commit away. Co-Authored-By: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>	2021-07-27 20:21:06 +00:00
François	e3fb23d4d3	add documentation on LogPlugin and more log usage (#1973) ... Fixes #1895 Changed most `println` to `info` in examples, some to `warn` when it was useful to differentiate from other more noisy logs. Added doc on `LogPlugin`, how to configure it, and why (and how) you may need to disable it	2021-04-22 23:30:48 +00:00
MinerSebas	458312236a	Document setting "CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR" for asset root (#1950) ... This was nowhere documented inside Bevy. Should I also mention the use case of debugging a project? Closes #810 Co-authored-by: MinerSebas <66798382+MinerSebas@users.noreply.github.com>	2021-04-19 22:16:23 +00:00
Jonas Matser	5c4f3554f9	Rename Light => PointLight and remove unused properties (#1778) ... After an inquiry on Reddit about support for Directional Lights and the unused properties on Light, I wanted to clean it up, to hopefully make it ever so slightly more clear for anyone wanting to add additional light types. Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>	2021-04-13 02:21:24 +00:00
Carter Anderson	81b53d15d4	Make Commands and World apis consistent (#1703) ... Resolves #1253 #1562 This makes the Commands apis consistent with World apis. This moves to a "type state" pattern (like World) where the "current entity" is stored in an `EntityCommands` builder. In general this tends to cuts down on indentation and line count. It comes at the cost of needing to type `commands` more and adding more semicolons to terminate expressions. I also added `spawn_bundle` to Commands because this is a common enough operation that I think its worth providing a shorthand.	2021-03-23 00:23:40 +00:00
Jonas Matser	45b2db7070	Rebase of existing PBR work (#1554) ... This is a rebase of StarArawns PBR work from #261 with IngmarBitters work from #1160 cherry-picked on top. I had to make a few minor changes to make some intermediate commits compile and the end result is not yet 100% what I expected, so there's a bit more work to do. Co-authored-by: John Mitchell <toasterthegamer@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Ingmar Bitter <ingmar.bitter@gmail.com>	2021-03-20 03:22:33 +00:00
François	bbb9849506	Replace default method calls from Glam types with explicit const (#1645) ... it's a followup of #1550 I think calling explicit methods/values instead of default makes the code easier to read: "what is `Quat::default()`" vs "Oh, it's `Quat::IDENTITY`" `Transform::identity()` and `GlobalTransform::identity()` can also be consts and I replaced the calls to their `default()` impl with `identity()`	2021-03-13 18:23:39 +00:00
Carter Anderson	b17f8a4bce	format comments (#1612) ... Uses the new unstable comment formatting features added to rustfmt.toml.	2021-03-11 00:27:30 +00:00
Cameron Hart	f61e44db28	Update glam to 0.13.0. (#1550) ... See https://github.com/bitshifter/glam-rs/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md for details on changes. Co-authored-by: Cameron Hart <c_hart@wargaming.net>	2021-03-06 19:39:16 +00:00
Carter Anderson	3a2a68852c	Bevy ECS V2 (#1525) ... # Bevy ECS V2 This is a rewrite of Bevy ECS (basically everything but the new executor/schedule, which are already awesome). The overall goal was to improve the performance and versatility of Bevy ECS. Here is a quick bulleted list of changes before we dive into the details: * Complete World rewrite * Multiple component storage types: * Tables: fast cache friendly iteration, slower add/removes (previously called Archetypes) * Sparse Sets: fast add/remove, slower iteration * Stateful Queries (caches query results for faster iteration. fragmented iteration is _fast_ now) * Stateful System Params (caches expensive operations. inspired by @DJMcNab's work in #1364) * Configurable System Params (users can set configuration when they construct their systems. once again inspired by @DJMcNab's work) * Archetypes are now "just metadata", component storage is separate * Archetype Graph (for faster archetype changes) * Component Metadata * Configure component storage type * Retrieve information about component size/type/name/layout/send-ness/etc * Components are uniquely identified by a densely packed ComponentId * TypeIds are now totally optional (which should make implementing scripting easier) * Super fast "for_each" query iterators * Merged Resources into World. Resources are now just a special type of component * EntityRef/EntityMut builder apis (more efficient and more ergonomic) * Fast bitset-backed `Access<T>` replaces old hashmap-based approach everywhere * Query conflicts are determined by component access instead of archetype component access (to avoid random failures at runtime) * With/Without are still taken into account for conflicts, so this should still be comfy to use * Much simpler `IntoSystem` impl * Significantly reduced the amount of hashing throughout the ecs in favor of Sparse Sets (indexed by densely packed ArchetypeId, ComponentId, BundleId, and TableId) * Safety Improvements * Entity reservation uses a normal world reference instead of unsafe transmute * QuerySets no longer transmute lifetimes * Made traits "unsafe" where relevant * More thorough safety docs * WorldCell * Exposes safe mutable access to multiple resources at a time in a World * Replaced "catch all" `System::update_archetypes(world: &World)` with `System::new_archetype(archetype: &Archetype)` * Simpler Bundle implementation * Replaced slow "remove_bundle_one_by_one" used as fallback for Commands::remove_bundle with fast "remove_bundle_intersection" * Removed `Mut<T>` query impl. it is better to only support one way: `&mut T` * Removed with() from `Flags<T>` in favor of `Option<Flags<T>>`, which allows querying for flags to be "filtered" by default * Components now have is_send property (currently only resources support non-send) * More granular module organization * New `RemovedComponents<T>` SystemParam that replaces `query.removed::<T>()` * `world.resource_scope()` for mutable access to resources and world at the same time * WorldQuery and QueryFilter traits unified. FilterFetch trait added to enable "short circuit" filtering. Auto impled for cases that don't need it * Significantly slimmed down SystemState in favor of individual SystemParam state * System Commands changed from `commands: &mut Commands` back to `mut commands: Commands` (to allow Commands to have a World reference) Fixes #1320 ## `World` Rewrite This is a from-scratch rewrite of `World` that fills the niche that `hecs` used to. Yes, this means Bevy ECS is no longer a "fork" of hecs. We're going out our own! (the only shared code between the projects is the entity id allocator, which is already basically ideal) A huge shout out to @SanderMertens (author of [flecs](https://github.com/SanderMertens/flecs)) for sharing some great ideas with me (specifically hybrid ecs storage and archetype graphs). He also helped advise on a number of implementation details. ## Component Storage (The Problem) Two ECS storage paradigms have gained a lot of traction over the years: * **Archetypal ECS**: * Stores components in "tables" with static schemas. Each "column" stores components of a given type. Each "row" is an entity. * Each "archetype" has its own table. Adding/removing an entity's component changes the archetype. * Enables super-fast Query iteration due to its cache-friendly data layout * Comes at the cost of more expensive add/remove operations for an Entity's components, because all components need to be copied to the new archetype's "table" * **Sparse Set ECS**: * Stores components of the same type in densely packed arrays, which are sparsely indexed by densely packed unsigned integers (Entity ids) * Query iteration is slower than Archetypal ECS because each entity's component could be at any position in the sparse set. This "random access" pattern isn't cache friendly. Additionally, there is an extra layer of indirection because you must first map the entity id to an index in the component array. * Adding/removing components is a cheap, constant time operation Bevy ECS V1, hecs, legion, flec, and Unity DOTS are all "archetypal ecs-es". I personally think "archetypal" storage is a good default for game engines. An entity's archetype doesn't need to change frequently in general, and it creates "fast by default" query iteration (which is a much more common operation). It is also "self optimizing". Users don't need to think about optimizing component layouts for iteration performance. It "just works" without any extra boilerplate. Shipyard and EnTT are "sparse set ecs-es". They employ "packing" as a way to work around the "suboptimal by default" iteration performance for specific sets of components. This helps, but I didn't think this was a good choice for a general purpose engine like Bevy because: 1. "packs" conflict with each other. If bevy decides to internally pack the Transform and GlobalTransform components, users are then blocked if they want to pack some custom component with Transform. 2. users need to take manual action to optimize Developers selecting an ECS framework are stuck with a hard choice. Select an "archetypal" framework with "fast iteration everywhere" but without the ability to cheaply add/remove components, or select a "sparse set" framework to cheaply add/remove components but with slower iteration performance. ## Hybrid Component Storage (The Solution) In Bevy ECS V2, we get to have our cake and eat it too. It now has _both_ of the component storage types above (and more can be added later if needed): * **Tables** (aka "archetypal" storage) * The default storage. If you don't configure anything, this is what you get * Fast iteration by default * Slower add/remove operations * **Sparse Sets** * Opt-in * Slower iteration * Faster add/remove operations These storage types complement each other perfectly. By default Query iteration is fast. If developers know that they want to add/remove a component at high frequencies, they can set the storage to "sparse set": ```rust world.register_component( ComponentDescriptor:🆕:<MyComponent>(StorageType::SparseSet) ).unwrap(); ``` ## Archetypes Archetypes are now "just metadata" ... they no longer store components directly. They do store: * The `ComponentId`s of each of the Archetype's components (and that component's storage type) * Archetypes are uniquely defined by their component layouts * For example: entities with "table" components `[A, B, C]` _and_ "sparse set" components `[D, E]` will always be in the same archetype. * The `TableId` associated with the archetype * For now each archetype has exactly one table (which can have no components), * There is a 1->Many relationship from Tables->Archetypes. A given table could have any number of archetype components stored in it: * Ex: an entity with "table storage" components `[A, B, C]` and "sparse set" components `[D, E]` will share the same `[A, B, C]` table as an entity with `[A, B, C]` table component and `[F]` sparse set components. * This 1->Many relationship is how we preserve fast "cache friendly" iteration performance when possible (more on this later) * A list of entities that are in the archetype and the row id of the table they are in * ArchetypeComponentIds * unique densely packed identifiers for (ArchetypeId, ComponentId) pairs * used by the schedule executor for cheap system access control * "Archetype Graph Edges" (see the next section) ## The "Archetype Graph" Archetype changes in Bevy (and a number of other archetypal ecs-es) have historically been expensive to compute. First, you need to allocate a new vector of the entity's current component ids, add or remove components based on the operation performed, sort it (to ensure it is order-independent), then hash it to find the archetype (if it exists). And thats all before we get to the _already_ expensive full copy of all components to the new table storage. The solution is to build a "graph" of archetypes to cache these results. @SanderMertens first exposed me to the idea (and he got it from @gjroelofs, who came up with it). They propose adding directed edges between archetypes for add/remove component operations. If `ComponentId`s are densely packed, you can use sparse sets to cheaply jump between archetypes. Bevy takes this one step further by using add/remove `Bundle` edges instead of `Component` edges. Bevy encourages the use of `Bundles` to group add/remove operations. This is largely for "clearer game logic" reasons, but it also helps cut down on the number of archetype changes required. `Bundles` now also have densely-packed `BundleId`s. This allows us to use a _single_ edge for each bundle operation (rather than needing to traverse N edges ... one for each component). Single component operations are also bundles, so this is strictly an improvement over a "component only" graph. As a result, an operation that used to be _heavy_ (both for allocations and compute) is now two dirt-cheap array lookups and zero allocations. ## Stateful Queries World queries are now stateful. This allows us to: 1. Cache archetype (and table) matches * This resolves another issue with (naive) archetypal ECS: query performance getting worse as the number of archetypes goes up (and fragmentation occurs). 2. Cache Fetch and Filter state * The expensive parts of fetch/filter operations (such as hashing the TypeId to find the ComponentId) now only happen once when the Query is first constructed 3. Incrementally build up state * When new archetypes are added, we only process the new archetypes (no need to rebuild state for old archetypes) As a result, the direct `World` query api now looks like this: ```rust let mut query = world.query::<(&A, &mut B)>(); for (a, mut b) in query.iter_mut(&mut world) { } ``` Requiring `World` to generate stateful queries (rather than letting the `QueryState` type be constructed separately) allows us to ensure that _all_ queries are properly initialized (and the relevant world state, such as ComponentIds). This enables QueryState to remove branches from its operations that check for initialization status (and also enables query.iter() to take an immutable world reference because it doesn't need to initialize anything in world). However in systems, this is a non-breaking change. State management is done internally by the relevant SystemParam. ## Stateful SystemParams Like Queries, `SystemParams` now also cache state. For example, `Query` system params store the "stateful query" state mentioned above. Commands store their internal `CommandQueue`. This means you can now safely use as many separate `Commands` parameters in your system as you want. `Local<T>` system params store their `T` value in their state (instead of in Resources). SystemParam state also enabled a significant slim-down of SystemState. It is much nicer to look at now. Per-SystemParam state naturally insulates us from an "aliased mut" class of errors we have hit in the past (ex: using multiple `Commands` system params). (credit goes to @DJMcNab for the initial idea and draft pr here #1364) ## Configurable SystemParams @DJMcNab also had the great idea to make SystemParams configurable. This allows users to provide some initial configuration / values for system parameters (when possible). Most SystemParams have no config (the config type is `()`), but the `Local<T>` param now supports user-provided parameters: ```rust fn foo(value: Local<usize>) { } app.add_system(foo.system().config(|c| c.0 = Some(10))); ``` ## Uber Fast "for_each" Query Iterators Developers now have the choice to use a fast "for_each" iterator, which yields ~1.5-3x iteration speed improvements for "fragmented iteration", and minor ~1.2x iteration speed improvements for unfragmented iteration. ```rust fn system(query: Query<(&A, &mut B)>) { // you now have the option to do this for a speed boost query.for_each_mut(|(a, mut b)| { }); // however normal iterators are still available for (a, mut b) in query.iter_mut() { } } ``` I think in most cases we should continue to encourage "normal" iterators as they are more flexible and more "rust idiomatic". But when that extra "oomf" is needed, it makes sense to use `for_each`. We should also consider using `for_each` for internal bevy systems to give our users a nice speed boost (but that should be a separate pr). ## Component Metadata `World` now has a `Components` collection, which is accessible via `world.components()`. This stores mappings from `ComponentId` to `ComponentInfo`, as well as `TypeId` to `ComponentId` mappings (where relevant). `ComponentInfo` stores information about the component, such as ComponentId, TypeId, memory layout, send-ness (currently limited to resources), and storage type. ## Significantly Cheaper `Access<T>` We used to use `TypeAccess<TypeId>` to manage read/write component/archetype-component access. This was expensive because TypeIds must be hashed and compared individually. The parallel executor got around this by "condensing" type ids into bitset-backed access types. This worked, but it had to be re-generated from the `TypeAccess<TypeId>`sources every time archetypes changed. This pr removes TypeAccess in favor of faster bitset access everywhere. We can do this thanks to the move to densely packed `ComponentId`s and `ArchetypeComponentId`s. ## Merged Resources into World Resources had a lot of redundant functionality with Components. They stored typed data, they had access control, they had unique ids, they were queryable via SystemParams, etc. In fact the _only_ major difference between them was that they were unique (and didn't correlate to an entity). Separate resources also had the downside of requiring a separate set of access controls, which meant the parallel executor needed to compare more bitsets per system and manage more state. I initially got the "separate resources" idea from `legion`. I think that design was motivated by the fact that it made the direct world query/resource lifetime interactions more manageable. It certainly made our lives easier when using Resources alongside hecs/bevy_ecs. However we already have a construct for safely and ergonomically managing in-world lifetimes: systems (which use `Access<T>` internally). This pr merges Resources into World: ```rust world.insert_resource(1); world.insert_resource(2.0); let a = world.get_resource::<i32>().unwrap(); let mut b = world.get_resource_mut::<f64>().unwrap(); *b = 3.0; ``` Resources are now just a special kind of component. They have their own ComponentIds (and their own resource TypeId->ComponentId scope, so they don't conflict wit components of the same type). They are stored in a special "resource archetype", which stores components inside the archetype using a new `unique_components` sparse set (note that this sparse set could later be used to implement Tags). This allows us to keep the code size small by reusing existing datastructures (namely Column, Archetype, ComponentFlags, and ComponentInfo). This allows us the executor to use a single `Access<ArchetypeComponentId>` per system. It should also make scripting language integration easier. _But_ this merge did create problems for people directly interacting with `World`. What if you need mutable access to multiple resources at the same time? `world.get_resource_mut()` borrows World mutably! ## WorldCell WorldCell applies the `Access<ArchetypeComponentId>` concept to direct world access: ```rust let world_cell = world.cell(); let a = world_cell.get_resource_mut::<i32>().unwrap(); let b = world_cell.get_resource_mut::<f64>().unwrap(); ``` This adds cheap runtime checks (a sparse set lookup of `ArchetypeComponentId` and a counter) to ensure that world accesses do not conflict with each other. Each operation returns a `WorldBorrow<'w, T>` or `WorldBorrowMut<'w, T>` wrapper type, which will release the relevant ArchetypeComponentId resources when dropped. World caches the access sparse set (and only one cell can exist at a time), so `world.cell()` is a cheap operation. WorldCell does _not_ use atomic operations. It is non-send, does a mutable borrow of world to prevent other accesses, and uses a simple `Rc<RefCell<ArchetypeComponentAccess>>` wrapper in each WorldBorrow pointer. The api is currently limited to resource access, but it can and should be extended to queries / entity component access. ## Resource Scopes WorldCell does not yet support component queries, and even when it does there are sometimes legitimate reasons to want a mutable world ref _and_ a mutable resource ref (ex: bevy_render and bevy_scene both need this). In these cases we could always drop down to the unsafe `world.get_resource_unchecked_mut()`, but that is not ideal! Instead developers can use a "resource scope" ```rust world.resource_scope(|world: &mut World, a: &mut A| { }) ``` This temporarily removes the `A` resource from `World`, provides mutable pointers to both, and re-adds A to World when finished. Thanks to the move to ComponentIds/sparse sets, this is a cheap operation. If multiple resources are required, scopes can be nested. We could also consider adding a "resource tuple" to the api if this pattern becomes common and the boilerplate gets nasty. ## Query Conflicts Use ComponentId Instead of ArchetypeComponentId For safety reasons, systems cannot contain queries that conflict with each other without wrapping them in a QuerySet. On bevy `main`, we use ArchetypeComponentIds to determine conflicts. This is nice because it can take into account filters: ```rust // these queries will never conflict due to their filters fn filter_system(a: Query<&mut A, With<B>>, b: Query<&mut B, Without<B>>) { } ``` But it also has a significant downside: ```rust // these queries will not conflict _until_ an entity with A, B, and C is spawned fn maybe_conflicts_system(a: Query<(&mut A, &C)>, b: Query<(&mut A, &B)>) { } ``` The system above will panic at runtime if an entity with A, B, and C is spawned. This makes it hard to trust that your game logic will run without crashing. In this pr, I switched to using `ComponentId` instead. This _is_ more constraining. `maybe_conflicts_system` will now always fail, but it will do it consistently at startup. Naively, it would also _disallow_ `filter_system`, which would be a significant downgrade in usability. Bevy has a number of internal systems that rely on disjoint queries and I expect it to be a common pattern in userspace. To resolve this, I added a new `FilteredAccess<T>` type, which wraps `Access<T>` and adds with/without filters. If two `FilteredAccess` have with/without values that prove they are disjoint, they will no longer conflict. ## EntityRef / EntityMut World entity operations on `main` require that the user passes in an `entity` id to each operation: ```rust let entity = world.spawn((A, )); // create a new entity with A world.get::<A>(entity); world.insert(entity, (B, C)); world.insert_one(entity, D); ``` This means that each operation needs to look up the entity location / verify its validity. The initial spawn operation also requires a Bundle as input. This can be awkward when no components are required (or one component is required). These operations have been replaced by `EntityRef` and `EntityMut`, which are "builder-style" wrappers around world that provide read and read/write operations on a single, pre-validated entity: ```rust // spawn now takes no inputs and returns an EntityMut let entity = world.spawn() .insert(A) // insert a single component into the entity .insert_bundle((B, C)) // insert a bundle of components into the entity .id() // id returns the Entity id // Returns EntityMut (or panics if the entity does not exist) world.entity_mut(entity) .insert(D) .insert_bundle(SomeBundle::default()); { // returns EntityRef (or panics if the entity does not exist) let d = world.entity(entity) .get::<D>() // gets the D component .unwrap(); // world.get still exists for ergonomics let d = world.get::<D>(entity).unwrap(); } // These variants return Options if you want to check existence instead of panicing world.get_entity_mut(entity) .unwrap() .insert(E); if let Some(entity_ref) = world.get_entity(entity) { let d = entity_ref.get::<D>().unwrap(); } ``` This _does not_ affect the current Commands api or terminology. I think that should be a separate conversation as that is a much larger breaking change. ## Safety Improvements * Entity reservation in Commands uses a normal world borrow instead of an unsafe transmute * QuerySets no longer transmutes lifetimes * Made traits "unsafe" when implementing a trait incorrectly could cause unsafety * More thorough safety docs ## RemovedComponents SystemParam The old approach to querying removed components: `query.removed:<T>()` was confusing because it had no connection to the query itself. I replaced it with the following, which is both clearer and allows us to cache the ComponentId mapping in the SystemParamState: ```rust fn system(removed: RemovedComponents<T>) { for entity in removed.iter() { } } ``` ## Simpler Bundle implementation Bundles are no longer responsible for sorting (or deduping) TypeInfo. They are just a simple ordered list of component types / data. This makes the implementation smaller and opens the door to an easy "nested bundle" implementation in the future (which i might even add in this pr). Duplicate detection is now done once per bundle type by World the first time a bundle is used. ## Unified WorldQuery and QueryFilter types (don't worry they are still separate type _parameters_ in Queries .. this is a non-breaking change) WorldQuery and QueryFilter were already basically identical apis. With the addition of `FetchState` and more storage-specific fetch methods, the overlap was even clearer (and the redundancy more painful). QueryFilters are now just `F: WorldQuery where F::Fetch: FilterFetch`. FilterFetch requires `Fetch<Item = bool>` and adds new "short circuit" variants of fetch methods. This enables a filter tuple like `(With<A>, Without<B>, Changed<C>)` to stop evaluating the filter after the first mismatch is encountered. FilterFetch is automatically implemented for `Fetch` implementations that return bool. This forces fetch implementations that return things like `(bool, bool, bool)` (such as the filter above) to manually implement FilterFetch and decide whether or not to short-circuit. ## More Granular Modules World no longer globs all of the internal modules together. It now exports `core`, `system`, and `schedule` separately. I'm also considering exporting `core` submodules directly as that is still pretty "glob-ey" and unorganized (feedback welcome here). ## Remaining Draft Work (to be done in this pr) * ~~panic on conflicting WorldQuery fetches (&A, &mut A)~~ * ~~bevy `main` and hecs both currently allow this, but we should protect against it if possible~~ * ~~batch_iter / par_iter (currently stubbed out)~~ * ~~ChangedRes~~ * ~~I skipped this while we sort out #1313. This pr should be adapted to account for whatever we land on there~~. * ~~The `Archetypes` and `Tables` collections use hashes of sorted lists of component ids to uniquely identify each archetype/table. This hash is then used as the key in a HashMap to look up the relevant ArchetypeId or TableId. (which doesn't handle hash collisions properly)~~ * ~~It is currently unsafe to generate a Query from "World A", then use it on "World B" (despite the api claiming it is safe). We should probably close this gap. This could be done by adding a randomly generated WorldId to each world, then storing that id in each Query. They could then be compared to each other on each `query.do_thing(&world)` operation. This _does_ add an extra branch to each query operation, so I'm open to other suggestions if people have them.~~ * ~~Nested Bundles (if i find time)~~ ## Potential Future Work * Expand WorldCell to support queries. * Consider not allocating in the empty archetype on `world.spawn()` * ex: return something like EntityMutUninit, which turns into EntityMut after an `insert` or `insert_bundle` op * this actually regressed performance last time i tried it, but in theory it should be faster * Optimize SparseSet::insert (see `PERF` comment on insert) * Replace SparseArray `Option<T>` with T::MAX to cut down on branching * would enable cheaper get_unchecked() operations * upstream fixedbitset optimizations * fixedbitset could be allocation free for small block counts (store blocks in a SmallVec) * fixedbitset could have a const constructor * Consider implementing Tags (archetype-specific by-value data that affects archetype identity) * ex: ArchetypeA could have `[A, B, C]` table components and `[D(1)]` "tag" component. ArchetypeB could have `[A, B, C]` table components and a `[D(2)]` tag component. The archetypes are different, despite both having D tags because the value inside D is different. * this could potentially build on top of the `archetype.unique_components` added in this pr for resource storage. * Consider reverting `all_tuples` proc macro in favor of the old `macro_rules` implementation * all_tuples is more flexible and produces cleaner documentation (the macro_rules version produces weird type parameter orders due to parser constraints) * but unfortunately all_tuples also appears to make Rust Analyzer sad/slow when working inside of `bevy_ecs` (does not affect user code) * Consider "resource queries" and/or "mixed resource and entity component queries" as an alternative to WorldCell * this is basically just "systems" so maybe it's not worth it * Add more world ops * `world.clear()` * `world.reserve<T: Bundle>(count: usize)` * Try using the old archetype allocation strategy (allocate new memory on resize and copy everything over). I expect this to improve batch insertion performance at the cost of unbatched performance. But thats just a guess. I'm not an allocation perf pro :) * Adapt Commands apis for consistency with new World apis ## Benchmarks key: * `bevy_old`: bevy `main` branch * `bevy`: this branch * `_foreach`: uses an optimized for_each iterator * ` _sparse`: uses sparse set storage (if unspecified assume table storage) * `_system`: runs inside a system (if unspecified assume test happens via direct world ops) ### Simple Insert (from ecs_bench_suite)  ### Simpler Iter (from ecs_bench_suite)  ### Fragment Iter (from ecs_bench_suite)  ### Sparse Fragmented Iter Iterate a query that matches 5 entities from a single matching archetype, but there are 100 unmatching archetypes  ### Schedule (from ecs_bench_suite)  ### Add Remove Component (from ecs_bench_suite)  ### Add Remove Component Big Same as the test above, but each entity has 5 "large" matrix components and 1 "large" matrix component is added and removed  ### Get Component Looks up a single component value a large number of times 	2021-03-05 07:54:35 +00:00
Alice Cecile	6f5a4d9deb	Rename add_resource to insert_resource (#1356) ... * Renamed add_resource to insert_resource * Changed usage of add_resource to insert_resource * Renamed add_thread_local_resource	2021-01-30 12:55:13 -08:00
Jasen Borisov	57f9ac18d7	OrthographicProjection scaling mode + camera bundle refactoring (#400) ... * add normalized orthographic projection * custom scale for ScaledOrthographicProjection * allow choosing base axis for ScaledOrthographicProjection * cargo fmt * add general (scaled) orthographic camera bundle FIXME: does the same "far" trick from Camera2DBundle make any sense here? * fixes * camera bundles: rename and new ortho constructors * unify orthographic projections * give PerspectiveCameraBundle constructors like those of OrthographicCameraBundle * update examples with new camera bundle syntax * rename CameraUiBundle to UiCameraBundle * update examples * ScalingMode::None * remove extra blank lines * sane default bounds for orthographic projection * fix alien_cake_addict example * reorder ScalingMode enum variants * ios example fix	2021-01-30 02:31:03 -08:00
Daniel McNab	9f2410a4ac	Add from_xyz to Transform (#1212) ... * Add the from_xyz helper method to Transform * Use `from_xyz` where possible	2021-01-06 17:17:06 -08:00
Carter Anderson	841755aaf2	Adopt a Fetch pattern for SystemParams (#1074)	2020-12-15 21:57:16 -08:00
Carter Anderson	3a6f6de277	System Inputs, Outputs, Chaining, and Registration Ergo (#876) ... System Inputs, Outputs, Chaining, and Registration Ergo	2020-11-16 18:18:00 -08:00
Carter Anderson	7628f4a64e	combine bevy_ecs and bevy_hecs crates. rename XComponents to XBundle (#863) ... combine bevy_ecs and bevy_hecs crates. rename XComponents to XBundle	2020-11-15 20:32:23 -08:00
Amber Kowalski	096ac4aee8	Explain default behavior of AssetServer in the asset_loading example (#822) ... Add clarification for where assets are loaded from in the`asset_loading`example	2020-11-10 16:19:55 -08:00
Carter Anderson	ebcdc9fb8c	Flexible ECS System Params (#798) ... system params can be in any order, faster compiles, remove foreach	2020-11-08 12:34:05 -08:00
Carter Anderson	66f2f76a18	rename add_plugin_group to add_plugins (#773)	2020-11-02 19:01:17 -08:00
Nathan Stocks	9871e7e24b	Remove add_default_plugins and add MinimalPlugins for simple "headless" scenarios (#767) ... Remove add_default_plugins and add MinimalPlugins for simple "headless" scenarios	2020-11-02 18:38:37 -08:00
Carter Anderson	44b3e24e32	fix mesh allocation bug and public mesh api improvements (#768)	2020-11-02 13:15:07 -08:00
Carter Anderson	c32e637384	Asset system rework and GLTF scene loading (#693)	2020-10-18 13:48:15 -07:00
Marek Legris	5acebed731	Transform and GlobalTransform are now Similarities (#596) ... Transform and GlobalTransform are now Similarities. This resolves precision errors and simplifies the api Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>	2020-10-18 13:03:16 -07:00
Carter Anderson	5e7c36d1c1	Fix example colors (#672)	2020-10-12 16:54:22 -07:00
Marek Legris	474bb5403e	Transform Rewrite (#374) ... Remove individual Translation / Rotation / Scale components in favor of a combined Transform component	2020-09-14 14:00:32 -07:00
Carter Anderson	ccf81edd8f	render: add atlas padding support to work around MSAA artifacts, disable MSAA by default	2020-07-30 14:38:13 -07:00
Carter Anderson	6dadf34401	add more example comments	2020-07-28 13:45:36 -07:00
Carter Anderson	726eb37198	use rh coordinate system in 2d ... z = 0 is now "farthest back" and z=1000 "farthest forward"	2020-07-19 17:00:08 -07:00
Carter Anderson	950e50bbb1	Bevy ECS migration	2020-07-10 01:06:21 -07:00
Carter Anderson	e75496772e	legion: change query system ordering	2020-06-27 10:18:27 -07:00
Carter Anderson	92c44320ee	ecs: rename EntityArchetype to ComponentSet	2020-06-25 11:21:56 -07:00
Carter Anderson	75429f4639	render: use left-handed coordinate system and y-up	2020-06-24 15:29:10 -07:00
Carter Anderson	3ee8aa8b0f	camera: make camera transform in world coordinates instead of the inverse	2020-06-23 19:18:32 -07:00
Carter Anderson	5add29f8cf	rename LocalToWorld -> Transform and LocalToParent -> LocalTransform	2020-06-07 13:39:50 -07:00
Carter Anderson	c1dcc74e0f	asset: make asset folder loading permissive of non-assets	2020-06-07 11:45:18 -07:00
Carter Anderson	6eea96366d	cargo fmt	2020-06-03 20:08:20 -07:00