# Objective
Sometimes, the unwraps in `entity_mut` could fail here, if the entity was despawned *before* this command was applied.
The simplest case involves two command buffers:
```rust
use bevy::prelude::*;
fn b(mut commands1: Commands, mut commands2: Commands) {
let id = commands2.spawn().insert_bundle(()).id();
commands1.entity(id).despawn();
}
fn main() {
App::build().add_system(b.system()).run();
}
```
However, a more complicated version arises in the case of ambiguity:
```rust
use std::time::Duration;
use bevy::{app::ScheduleRunnerPlugin, prelude::*};
use rand::Rng;
fn cleanup(mut e: ResMut<Option<Entity>>) {
*e = None;
}
fn sleep_randomly() {
let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
std:🧵:sleep(Duration::from_millis(rng.gen_range(0..50)));
}
fn spawn(mut commands: Commands, mut e: ResMut<Option<Entity>>) {
*e = Some(commands.spawn().insert_bundle(()).id());
}
fn despawn(mut commands: Commands, e: Res<Option<Entity>>) {
let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
std:🧵:sleep(Duration::from_millis(rng.gen_range(0..50)));
if let Some(e) = *e {
commands.entity(e).despawn();
}
}
fn main() {
App::build()
.add_system(cleanup.system().label("cleanup"))
.add_system(sleep_randomly.system().label("before_despawn"))
.add_system(despawn.system().after("cleanup").after("before_despawn"))
.add_system(sleep_randomly.system().label("before_spawn"))
.add_system(spawn.system().after("cleanup").after("before_spawn"))
.insert_resource(None::<Entity>)
.add_plugin(ScheduleRunnerPlugin::default())
.run();
}
```
In the cases where this example crashes, it's because `despawn` was ordered before `spawn` in the topological ordering of systems (which determines when buffers are applied). However, `despawn` actually ran *after* `spawn`, because these systems are ambiguous, so the jiggles in the sleeping time triggered a case where this works.
## Solution
- Give a better error message
This upstreams the code changes used by the new renderer to enable cross-app Entity reuse:
* Spawning at specific entities
* get_or_spawn: spawns an entity if it doesn't already exist and returns an EntityMut
* insert_or_spawn_batch: the batched equivalent to `world.get_or_spawn(entity).insert_bundle(bundle)`
* Clearing entities and storages
* Allocating Entities with "invalid" archetypes. These entities cannot be queried / are treated as "non existent". They serve as "reserved" entities that won't show up when calling `spawn()`. They must be "specifically spawned at" using apis like `get_or_spawn(entity)`.
In combination, these changes enable the "render world" to clear entities / storages each frame and reserve all "app world entities". These can then be spawned during the "render extract step".
This refactors "spawn" and "insert" code in a way that I think is a massive improvement to legibility and re-usability. It also yields marginal performance wins by reducing some duplicate lookups (less than a percentage point improvement on insertion benchmarks). There is also some potential for future unsafe reduction (by making BatchSpawner and BatchInserter generic). But for now I want to cut down generic usage to a minimum to encourage smaller binaries and faster compiles.
This is currently a draft because it needs more tests (although this code has already had some real-world testing on my custom-shaders branch).
I also fixed the benchmarks (which currently don't compile!) / added new ones to illustrate batching wins.
After these changes, Bevy ECS is basically ready to accommodate the new renderer. I think the biggest missing piece at this point is "sub apps".
# Objective
Enable using exact World lifetimes during read-only access . This is motivated by the new renderer's need to allow read-only world-only queries to outlive the query itself (but still be constrained by the world lifetime).
For example:
115b170d1f/pipelined/bevy_pbr2/src/render/mod.rs (L774)
## Solution
Split out SystemParam state and world lifetimes and pipe those lifetimes up to read-only Query ops (and add into_inner for Res). According to every safety test I've run so far (except one), this is safe (see the temporary safety test commit). Note that changing the mutable variants to the new lifetimes would allow aliased mutable pointers (try doing that to see how it affects the temporary safety tests).
The new state lifetime on SystemParam does make `#[derive(SystemParam)]` more cumbersome (the current impl requires PhantomData if you don't use both lifetimes). We can make this better by detecting whether or not a lifetime is used in the derive and adjusting accordingly, but that should probably be done in its own pr.
## Why is this a draft?
The new lifetimes break QuerySet safety in one very specific case (see the query_set system in system_safety_test). We need to solve this before we can use the lifetimes given.
This is due to the fact that QuerySet is just a wrapper over Query, which now relies on world lifetimes instead of `&self` lifetimes to prevent aliasing (but in systems, each Query has its own implied lifetime, not a centralized world lifetime). I believe the fix is to rewrite QuerySet to have its own World lifetime (and own the internal reference). This will complicate the impl a bit, but I think it is doable. I'm curious if anyone else has better ideas.
Personally, I think these new lifetimes need to happen. We've gotta have a way to directly tie read-only World queries to the World lifetime. The new renderer is the first place this has come up, but I doubt it will be the last. Worst case scenario we can come up with a second `WorldLifetimeQuery<Q, F = ()>` parameter to enable these read-only scenarios, but I'd rather not add another type to the type zoo.
# Objective
- Currently `Commands` are quite slow due to the need to allocate for each command and wrap it in a `Box<dyn Command>`.
- For example:
```rust
fn my_system(mut cmds: Commands) {
cmds.spawn().insert(42).insert(3.14);
}
```
will have 3 separate `Box<dyn Command>` that need to be allocated and ran.
## Solution
- Utilize a specialized data structure keyed `CommandQueueInner`.
- The purpose of `CommandQueueInner` is to hold a collection of commands in contiguous memory.
- This allows us to store each `Command` type contiguously in memory and quickly iterate through them and apply the `Command::write` trait function to each element.
