We can use the standardized CLZ facilities to perform this. This also
allows us to make utilizing functions constexpr and eliminate the
inclusion of an intrinsics header.
Now that clang-format makes [[nodiscard]] attributes format sensibly, we
can apply them to several functions within the common library to allow
the compiler to complain about any misuses of the functions.
Makes the return type consistently uniform (like the intrinsics we're
wrapping). This also conveniently silences a truncation warning within
the kernel multi_level_queue.
